Subcategorization frame

From UNL Wiki
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
(Verbs)
(Redirecting to Subcategorization frames)
 
(31 intermediate revisions by one user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
In the UNL framework, '''Subcategorization Frames''' are the number and types of syntactic arguments that co-occurs with the lemma in a sentence.
+
#REDIRECT [[Subcategorization frames]]
 
+
== When to use subcategorization frames ==
+
 
+
Subcategorization frames are mandatory for words that take one or more syntactic argument, such as:
+
* intransitive verbs ('sleep', 'rain')
+
* direct transitive verbs ('kill', 'kiss')
+
* indirect transitive verbs ('depend', 'rely')
+
* ditransitive verbs ('give')
+
* deverbals ('arrival', 'construction')
+
* adjectives that require a complement ('loyal', 'interested')
+
* adverbs that require a complement ('contrarily to')
+
* prepositions ('in', 'after', 'near', 'instead')
+
* conjunctions ('because', 'and', 'but')
+
 
+
Subcategorization frames are optional for words that take no syntactic argument, such as:
+
* nouns ('table', 'computer')
+
* adjectives ('beautiful', 'intelligent')
+
* adverbs ('yesterday', 'here')
+
* determiners ('the', 'this')
+
* pronouns ('he', 'yours')
+
 
+
== Syntax of subcategorization frames ==
+
 
+
Subcategorization frames should be presented as a list of syntactic roles separated by semicolons. Each syntactic role must have the following format:
+
+
<SYNTACTIC ROLE> ":=" "(" <SYNTACTIC FEATURES> ")" ";"
+
 
+
where
+
:<SYNTACTIC ROLE> = one of the three pre-defined syntactic roles (see below)
+
:<SYNTACTIC FEATURES> = the list of features required by the lemma
+
:“ “ = constant
+
 
+
== Syntactic Roles ==
+
There are only three different types of syntactic roles:
+
{| border="1" align="center" cellpadding="5"
+
!Tag
+
!Syntactic Role
+
!Description
+
|-
+
|SPEC
+
|specifier (external argument)
+
|subject
+
|-
+
|COMP
+
|complement (internal argument)
+
|direct object, indirect object
+
|-
+
|ADJT
+
|adjunct
+
|adverbial and nominal adjuncts
+
|-
+
|}
+
 
+
== Syntactic Features ==
+
 
+
The syntactic features must be presented in the following format:
+
 
+
<SYNTACTIC CATEGORY> ["," <SYNTACTIC CASE MARKING>] ["," <SYNTACTIC AGREEMENT> ]* ["," <SYNTACTIC GOVERNMENT> ]
+
 
+
Where
+
[  ] indicates optional;
+
" " indicates constant;
+
<nowiki>*</nowiki> indicates that can be repeated 0 or more times
+
 
+
<SYNTACTIC CATEGORY> indicates the syntactic category of the arguments (c-selection). It is mandatory and can assume of the following values:
+
** NP = Noun phrase
+
** VP = Verbal phrase
+
** JP = Adjective phrase
+
** AP = Adverbial phrase
+
** PP = Prepositional phrase
+
** SP = Sentence
+
 
+
<SYNTACTIC CASE MARKING> indicates the syntactic case marking. It is mandatory for arguments and optional to adjuncts. It can assume the following values:
+
** NOM = Nominative
+
** ACC = Accusative
+
** DAT = Dative
+
** ABL = Ablative
+
** INS = Instrumental
+
** LOC = Locative
+
 
+
<SYNTACTIC AGREEMENT> indicates the agreement. It is mandatory if there is any agreement between the word and its arguments.
+
** >NUM = Assigns number
+
** <NUM = Receives number
+
** >GEN = Assigns gender
+
** <GEN = Receives gender
+
** >PER = Assigns person
+
** <PER = Receives person
+
 
+
<GOVERNMENT> indicates the adposition (preposition or postposition) required by the word, if any. It should be indicated in relation to the argument.
+
** < = left appending (without blank space)
+
** << = left appending (with blank space)
+
** > = right appending (withou blank space)
+
** >> = right appending (with blank space)
+
 
+
== Other symbols ==
+
[Square brackets] may be used to indicate optional elements: a[b]c = ac, abc
+
 
+
{braces} may be used to indicate alternative elements: a{b,c}d = abd, acd
+
 
+
== Examples ==
+
 
+
=== Adjectives ===
+
*BEAUTIFUL
+
**There is no need for a semantic frame.
+
*LOYAL (TO)
+
**COMP:=(PP,<<"to");
+
***The complement is a prepositional phrase (PP) that is preceded by "to".
+
*INTERESTED (IN)
+
**COMP:=(PP,<<"in");
+
***The complement is a prepositional phrase (PP) that is preceded by "in".
+
=== Adverbs ===
+
*HERE
+
**There is no need for a semantic frame.
+
*CONTRARILY (TO)
+
**COMP:=(PP,<<"to");
+
***The complement is a prepositional phrase (PP) that is preceded by "to".
+
=== Nouns ===
+
*TABLE
+
**There is no need for a semantic frame.
+
*CONSTRUCTION (OF)
+
**COMP:=(PP,<<"of");
+
***The complement is a prepositional phrase (PP) that is preceded by "of".
+
=== Prepositions ===
+
*NEAR(TO)
+
**COMP:=(PP,<<"to");
+
***The complement is a prepositional phrase (PP) that is preceded by "to".
+
*IN
+
**COMP:=(NP);
+
***The complement is a noun phrase (NP).
+
 
+
=== Verbs ===
+
*INTRANSITIVE ("sleep")
+
**SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER);
+
***The subject (SPEC) is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the nominative case (NOM) and that assigns the number (>NUM) and the person (>PER) agreement to the head
+
*COPULA ("be")
+
**SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=({NP,JP}, NOM);
+
***The subject (SPEC) is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the nominative case (NOM) and that assigns the number (>NUM) and the person (>PER) agreement to the head, and the complement is either a noun phrase (NP) or an adjective phrase (JP), that receives the nominative case (NOM) as well.
+
*DIRECT TRANSITIVE ("kill")
+
**SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(NP,ACC);
+
***The subject (SPEC) is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the nominative case (NOM) and that assigns the number (>NUM) and the person (>PER) agreement to the head, and the complement is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the accusative case (NOM).
+
*INDIRECT TRANSITIVE ("depend")
+
**SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(PP,ACC,"on"<<0);
+
***The subject (SPEC) is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the nominative case (NOM) and that assigns the number (>NUM) and the person (>PER) agreement to the head, and the complement is a prepositional phrase, that receives the accusative case (ACC) and that is preceded by "on".
+
*DITRANSITIVE ("give")
+
**SPEC:=(NP,NOM,>NUM,>PER); COMP:=(NP,ACC); COMP:=(PP,DAT,"to"<<0);
+
***The subject (SPEC) is a noun phrase (NP) that receives the nominative case (NOM) and that assigns the number (>NUM) and the person (>PER) agreement to the head, and there are two complements: a noun phrase (NP), that receives the accusative case (ACC), and a prepositional phrase, that receives the dative case (DAT) and is preceded by "to".
+

Latest revision as of 17:36, 23 March 2010

  1. REDIRECT Subcategorization frames
Software