Conjunctions
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| − | |after| | + | |after||@after||The books will be sent to the library after I have read them.||tim(send, read.@after) |
|- | |- | ||
|although||@although||Although they have arrived early they could not enter.||seq(enter, arrive.@although) | |although||@although||Although they have arrived early they could not enter.||seq(enter, arrive.@although) | ||
Revision as of 14:32, 4 December 2009
To be explicitly represented by attributes, except in case of complementizers ("if", "that", "whether") or when the corresponding semantic value has been already represented in the relation.
English conjunctions
* indicates optional representation
| Conjunction | Attribute | English | UNL |
|---|---|---|---|
| after | @after | The books will be sent to the library after I have read them. | tim(send, read.@after) |
| although | @although | Although they have arrived early they could not enter. | seq(enter, arrive.@although) |
| and | @and* | He sold an apartment and bought a country-house. | and(buy, sell.@and) or and(buy, sell) |
| as | @as* | The situation is not so bad as you suggest. | man(bad, suggest.@as) or man(bad, suggest) |
| as | @because* | It`s empty, as it had been upside down | rsn(empty, upside.@because) or rsn(empty, upside) |
| as | @when* | His hands trembled as he spoke. | tim(tremble, speak.@when) or tim(tremble, speak) |
| as if | @as.@if | He gives orders as if he were the master of the house. | man(give, master.@as.@if) |
| as though | @as.@if | He treated me as though I were a stranger. | man(treat, stranger.@as.@if) |
| as well as | @and* | Robert, as well as Smith, deservers punishment. | and(Smith.@and, Robert) or and(Smith, Robert) |
| because | @because* | He said he cannot go because he is very busy. | rsn(go, busy.@because) or rsn(go, busy) |
| before | @before | Look before you leap. | tim(look, leap.@before) |
| both... and | @and* | He both speaks and writes perfectly. | and(write.@and, speak) or and(write, speak) |
| but | @but | He is young but sensible. | and(sensible.@but, young) |
| either... or | @or* | He will arrive either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. | or(day.@or, tomorrow) or or(day, tomorrow) |
| even if | @even.@if | I intend to go even if it rains. | con(go, rain.@even.@if) or con(go, rain.@even) |
| even though | @although | Even though I was really tired, I couldn`t sleep. | seq(sleep, tired.@although) |
| except if | @except.@if | I intend to go except if it rains. | con(go, rain.@except.@if) or(go, rain.@except) |
| for | @because* | We must go, for it is late. | rsn(go, late.@because) or rsn(go, late) |
| if | - | I asked him if he intended to travel this month. | obj(ask, intend) |
| if | @if* | If you promise to come, I will wait for you. | con(wait, promise.@if) or con(wait, promise) |
| in case (that) | @in_case | He wears two watches in case one of them stops. | rsn(wear, stop.@in_case) |
| neither... nor | @and* | He drinks neither tea nor milk. | and(milk.@and.@not, tea.@not) or and(milk.@not, tea.@not) |
| nor | @and* | He would not buy it nor would he accept it as a gift. | and(accept.@and.@not, buy.@not) or and(accept.@not, buy.@not) |
| not only... but also | @and* | Not only does Sue raise money for the symphony, but she also ushers at all of their concerts. | and(usher.@and, raise) or and(usher, raise) |
| only if | .@if.@only | Only if you promise to come, I will wait for you. | con(wait, promise.@if.@only) or con(wait, promise.@only) |
| or | .@or* | You must prove that you are right or apologize | or(apologize.@or, prove) or or(apologize, prove) |
| since | @because* | Since you don`t like this model, I`ll show you another one | rsn(show, like.@because) or rsn(show, like) |
| since | @since* | What have you been doign since I last say you? | tmf(do, say.@since) or tmf(do, say) |
| so | @so* | We are late for the train, so we must take a taxi. | seq(take, late.@so) or seq(take, late) |
| so that | @so* | He preferred to work in the morning, so that he might be free in the afternoon. | seq(free, prefer.@so) or seq(free, prefer) |
| than | - | You are taller than he (is). | bas(tall, he) |
| that | - | I know that is impossible. | obj(know, impossible) |
| that | @because* | He is so hoarse that we can hardly hear what he says. | rsn(hear, hoarse.@because) or rsn(hear, hoarse) |
| that | @so* | He ran that he might arrive in time. | seq(arrive.@so, run) or seq(arrive, run) |
| then | @so* | Our expenses will be very heavy: we will have to buy a great number of books; then we`ll have to pay several debts. | seq(pay.@so, buy) or seq(pay, buy) |
| though | @although | ||
| till | @until* | Wait till the day breaks. | tmt(wait, break.@until) or tmt(wait, break) |
| unless | @unless | I shall go unless it rains. | con(go, rain.@unless) |
| until | @until* | Wait until the day breaks. | tmt(wait, break.@until) or tmt(wait, break) |
| when | @when* | When I arrive I will write. | tim(write, arrive.@when) or tim(write, arrive) |
| whereas | @whereas* | You didn`t work yesterday, whereas he worked till midnight. | coo(work, work.@whereas) or coo(work, work) |
| whether | - | I asked him whether he intended to travel this month. | obj(ask, travel) |
| whether... or | @or* | I would like to know whether he is in France or in England. | or(England, France) |
| while | @whereas* | You were punctual , while he is always late. | coo(punctual, late.@whereas) or coo(punctual, late) |
| while | @while* | Remain standing while they sing. | dur(stand, sing.@while) or dur(stand, sing) |
| yet | @but | He is extremely poor, yet he is as happy as a king. | and(king.@but, poor) |
