Syntactic relations
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(New page: In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, there are four main syntactic roles: *'''HEAD''' is the nucleus or the source of the whole syntactic structure, which is actually derived (or project...) |
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**if '''John comes''' (complement of a conjunction) | **if '''John comes''' (complement of a conjunction) | ||
**will '''kiss Peter''' (complement of an auxiliary verb) | **will '''kiss Peter''' (complement of an auxiliary verb) | ||
| − | * | + | *SPEC |
**'''Mary''' kissed Peter (specifier of the verb) | **'''Mary''' kissed Peter (specifier of the verb) | ||
**'''the''' construction (specifier of the noun) | **'''the''' construction (specifier of the noun) | ||
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**'''right''' under (specifier of the preposition) | **'''right''' under (specifier of the preposition) | ||
**'''even''' if (specifier of the conjunction) | **'''even''' if (specifier of the conjunction) | ||
| − | * | + | *ADJT |
**'''beautiful''' table (adjunct to the noun) | **'''beautiful''' table (adjunct to the noun) | ||
**He loved her '''desperately''' (adjunct to the verb) | **He loved her '''desperately''' (adjunct to the verb) | ||
Revision as of 12:59, 20 March 2010
In the UNLarium framework, there are four main syntactic roles:
- HEAD is the nucleus or the source of the whole syntactic structure, which is actually derived (or projected) out of it.
- COMP (i.e., complement) is an internal argument, i.e., a word, phrase or clause which is necessary to the head to complete its meaning (e.g., objects of transitive verbs)
- ADJT (i.e., adjunct) is a word, phrase or clause which modifies the head but which is not syntactically required by it (adjuncts are expected to be extranuclear, i.e., removing an adjunct would leave a grammatically well-formed sentence)
- SPEC (i.e., specifier) is an external argument, i.e., a word, phrase or clause which qualifies (determines) the head
Examples
- HEAD
- Mary kissed Peter (head of the sentence)
- The most beautiful girl in town (head of the noun phrase)
- COMP
- Mary kissed Peter (complement of a direct transitive verb)
- Mary is interested in Peter (complement of a indirect transitive verb)
- construction of Babel (complement of a noun)
- loyal to the queen (complement of an adjective)
- contrarily to popular belief (complement of an adverb)
- under the table (complement of a preposition)
- if John comes (complement of a conjunction)
- will kiss Peter (complement of an auxiliary verb)
- SPEC
- Mary kissed Peter (specifier of the verb)
- the construction (specifier of the noun)
- very loyal (specifier of the adjective)
- nearly always (specifier of the adverb)
- right under (specifier of the preposition)
- even if (specifier of the conjunction)
- ADJT
- beautiful table (adjunct to the noun)
- He loved her desperately (adjunct to the verb)
- It is beautiful to see (adjunct to the adjective)
Syntax
The syntactic framework of the UNLarium derives from the X-bar theory. For further information, see Syntax.
