Syntax
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<blockquote>''they killed the man with a gun''</blockquote> | <blockquote>''they killed the man with a gun''</blockquote> | ||
is more productively represented as (1a) or (1b) than (2) | is more productively represented as (1a) or (1b) than (2) | ||
| − | {|align=center | + | {|align=center |
|- | |- | ||
| − | |align=center|[[file: | + | |align=center|[[file:syntax1.jpg]] |
| + | |align=center|[[file:syntax2.jpg]] | ||
|align=center|'''[they][ ][killed][ ][the][ ][man][ ][with][ ][a][ ][gun]''' | |align=center|'''[they][ ][killed][ ][the][ ][man][ ][with][ ][a][ ][gun]''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | |align=center|( | + | |align=center|(1a) |
| + | |align=center|(1b) | ||
|align=center|(2) | |align=center|(2) | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 20:48, 13 August 2013
In Linguistics, syntax is "the study of the principles and processes by which sentences are constructed in particular languages"[1]. It assumes that:
- natural language sentences can be broken down into components (the so-called syntactic constituents);
- the resulting structure (i.e., the relations between syntactic constituents) is hierarchical (a tree-like structure) rather than a simple list; and
- the structure can be predicted by rules (i.e., the structure is regular), which consist the grammar of the language.
For instance, the sentence:
they killed the man with a gun
is more productively represented as (1a) or (1b) than (2)
| File:Syntax1.jpg | 
|
[they][ ][killed][ ][the][ ][man][ ][with][ ][a][ ][gun] |
| (1a) | (1b) | (2) |
Notes
- ↑ Chomsky, Noam. [1957]. Syntactic Structures. p. 11.
