Subcategorization frame

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  '''Syntactic case marking''' can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
 
  '''Syntactic case marking''' can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
 
*VS(NP),VC(NP); (the verb has a specifier (NP) and a complement (NP), i.e., is a direct transitive verb (without syntactic case marking)
 
*VS(NP),VC(NP); (the verb has a specifier (NP) and a complement (NP), i.e., is a direct transitive verb (without syntactic case marking)
*VS(NP,NOM),VC(NP,ACC); (the verb as a specifier (NP) that receives the nominative (NOM) case and a complement (NP) that receives the accusative (ACC) case
+
*VS(NP,NOM),VC(NP,ACC); (the verb has a specifier (NP) that receives the nominative (NOM) case and a complement (NP) that receives the accusative (ACC) case
 
Syntactic case marking should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)
 
Syntactic case marking should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)
 
*If the specifier of the verb always receives a nominative case, this information should be stated in the [[language settings]] and not in individual subcategorization frames
 
*If the specifier of the verb always receives a nominative case, this information should be stated in the [[language settings]] and not in individual subcategorization frames

Revision as of 13:16, 16 October 2009

In the UNLarium framework, Subcategorization Frames are the number and types of syntactic arguments that co-occurs with the lemma in a sentence.

Contents

When to use subcategorization frames

Subcategorization frames are mandatory for words that take one or more syntactic argument, such as:

  • intransitive verbs ('sleep', 'rain')
  • direct transitive verbs ('kill', 'kiss')
  • indirect transitive verbs ('depend', 'rely')
  • ditransitive verbs ('give')
  • deverbals ('arrival', 'construction')
  • adjectives that require a complement ('loyal to', 'interested in')
  • adverbs that require a complement ('contrarily to')
  • prepositions ('in', 'after', 'near', 'instead')
  • conjunctions ('because', 'and', 'but')
  • proper nouns that require an article ('The United States of America")

Subcategorization frames are optional for words that take no syntactic argument, such as:

  • nouns ('table', 'computer')
  • adjectives ('beautiful', 'intelligent')
  • adverbs ('yesterday', 'here')
  • determiners ('the', 'this')
  • pronouns ('he', 'yours')

Syntax

Subcategorization frames should comply with the S-Rule formalism for writing syntactic rules in the UNL framework.

Templates

Category Valency Frame Example (English) Example (Frame)
Adjective 0 NO FRAME beaufitul
Adjective 1 JC(PP([X])); where X = preposition required by the adjective loyal to JC(PP([to]));
Adverb 0 NO FRAME now, here, very, well, normally
Adverb 1 AC(PP([X])); where X = preposition required by the adverb contrarily to AC(PP([to]));
Noun 0 NO FRAME table, computer
Noun 1 (complement) NC(PP([X])); where X = preposition required by the noun construction of NC(PP([of]));
Noun 1 (specifier) NS([X]); where X = determiner required by the noun United States of America NS([the]);
Preposition 1 PC(XP); where XP is the complement of the preposition (NP, VP, etc). of PC(NP);
Verb 0 (impersonal) NO FRAME llove (es), chove (pt)
Verb 1 (intransitive) VS(NP); rain, sleep VS(NP);
Verb 2 (direct transitive) VS(NP),VC(NP); kill, kiss VS(NP),VC(NP);
Verb 2 (indirect transitive) VS(NP),VC(PP([X])); where X = preposition required by the verb depend on VS(NP),VC(PP([on]));
Verb 2 (copula) VS(NP),VC(NP); be, become VS(NP),VC(NP);
Verb 3 (ditransitive) VS(NP),VC(NP),VC(PP([x])); where X = preposition required by the verb give VS(NP),VC(NP),VC(PP([to]));

Observations

Syntactic case marking can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
  • VS(NP),VC(NP); (the verb has a specifier (NP) and a complement (NP), i.e., is a direct transitive verb (without syntactic case marking)
  • VS(NP,NOM),VC(NP,ACC); (the verb has a specifier (NP) that receives the nominative (NOM) case and a complement (NP) that receives the accusative (ACC) case

Syntactic case marking should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)

  • If the specifier of the verb always receives a nominative case, this information should be stated in the language settings and not in individual subcategorization frames
    • Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
    • Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(NP,NOM); (every NP specifier of the verb receives the nominative (NOM) case)
Agreement information can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
  • VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase and there is no information on agreement
  • VS(NP,ANUM,APER); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase (NP) that assigns number (ANUM) and person (APER) to its head);

Agreement information should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)

  • If the specifier of the verb always assigns number and person to its head, this information should be stated in the language settings and not in individual subcategorization frames
    • Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
    • Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(NP,ANUM,APER); (every NP specifier of the verb assigns number and person to its head)
Word ordering information can be associated to the arguments of syntactic relations, if necessary.
  • VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase and there is no information on the word ordering
  • VS(<NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase (NP) that comes at the left of the head;

Word ordering information should be avoided if default (i.e., if already expressed in the language settings)

  • If the specifier of the verb always comes at the left of its head, this information should be stated in the language settings and not in individual subcategorization frames
    • Subcategorization frame: VS(NP); (the specifier of the verb is a noun phrase)
    • Language settings: VS(NP):=VS(<NP); (every NP specifier of the verb comes at the left of its head)
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