Case
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(New page: '''Case''' is a grammatical category that indicates the grammatical function of a word (such as the role of subject, of direct object, or of possessor) in a phrase or clause. As a syntacti...) |
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== Natural language == | == Natural language == | ||
| − | In the UNLarium, case | + | In the UNLarium, case must be informed only to the forms (such as English personal pronouns) still holding an inflectional case system.<br> |
The values for the case attribute are the following: | The values for the case attribute are the following: | ||
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**accusative (ACC): direct object of a verb | **accusative (ACC): direct object of a verb | ||
**allative (ALL): motion to or toward | **allative (ALL): motion to or toward | ||
| − | **absolutive ( | + | **absolutive (ABS): subject of intransitive verbs or object of transitive verbs in ergative-absolutive languages |
**benefactive (BEN): beneficiary | **benefactive (BEN): beneficiary | ||
**causative (CAU): cause | **causative (CAU): cause | ||
**comitative (CMT): accompaniment | **comitative (CMT): accompaniment | ||
| − | **dative | + | **construct state (CTS) |
| + | **dative (DAT): indirect object of a verb | ||
**delative (DEL): motion downward from | **delative (DEL): motion downward from | ||
**elative (ELA): motion out of or away from | **elative (ELA): motion out of or away from | ||
| Line 27: | Line 28: | ||
**locative (LOC): location at | **locative (LOC): location at | ||
**nominative (NOM): subject of a finite verb | **nominative (NOM): subject of a finite verb | ||
| + | **oblique (OBL): object of a verb or of a preposition | ||
**prolative (PLT): motion along or by | **prolative (PLT): motion along or by | ||
**prepositional (PPL): object of a preposition | **prepositional (PPL): object of a preposition | ||
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*English | *English | ||
**nominative (NOM): I ("I saw him") | **nominative (NOM): I ("I saw him") | ||
| − | |||
**genitive (GNT): my ("my house") | **genitive (GNT): my ("my house") | ||
| − | ** | + | **oblique (OBL): me ("He saw me") |
| − | + | ||
*Latin | *Latin | ||
**nominative (NOM): nauta ("nauta ibi stat" = the sailor is standing here) | **nominative (NOM): nauta ("nauta ibi stat" = the sailor is standing here) | ||
Latest revision as of 06:36, 24 April 2015
Case is a grammatical category that indicates the grammatical function of a word (such as the role of subject, of direct object, or of possessor) in a phrase or clause. As a syntactic rather than semantic notion, case marking is not directly represented in UNL, but only in the UNL-NL grammars.
Natural language
In the UNLarium, case must be informed only to the forms (such as English personal pronouns) still holding an inflectional case system.
The values for the case attribute are the following:
Examples
- English
- nominative (NOM): I ("I saw him")
- genitive (GNT): my ("my house")
- oblique (OBL): me ("He saw me")
- Latin
- nominative (NOM): nauta ("nauta ibi stat" = the sailor is standing here)
- genitive (GNT): nautae ("nomen nautae est Claudius" = the sailor's name is Claudius)
- dative (DAT): nautae ("nautae donum dedi" = I gave a present to the sailor)
- accusative (ACC): nautam ("nautam vidi" = I saw the sailor)
- ablative (ABL): nautā ("sum altior nautā" = I am taller than the sailor)
