[D]
[T]
;<1-001>The Tower of Babel
nam(tower(icl>building).@entry.@title.@def,Babel(icl>place))
[/T]
[P]
[S]
;<1-002>Long ago,in the city of Babylon, the people began to 
;build a huge tower,which seemed about to reach the heavens.
tim(begin(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@past,longago)
nam(city(icl>place).@def,Babylon(icl>city))
ppl(begin(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@past,city(icl>place).@def)
agt(begin(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@past,people(icl>human).@def)
obj(begin(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@past,
build(equ>construct,agt>human,obj>structure).@pred)
agt(build(equ>construct,agt>human,obj>structure).@pred,
people(icl>human).@def)
obj(build(equ>construct,agt>human,obj>structure).@pred,
tower(icl>building).@indef)
aoj(huge(aoj>thing),tower(icl>building).@indef)
aoj(seem(icl>event).@pred.@past,tower(icl>building).@indef)
obj(seem(icl>event).@pred.@past,
>reach(gol>thing,obj>thing).@pred.@begin-soon)
obj(reach(gol>thing,obj>thing).@pred.@begin-soon,
tower(icl>building).@indef)
gol(reach(gol>thing,obj>thing).@pred.@begin-soon,heaven(ant>hell).@def.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-003>Aware of the people's intentions, God became angry and so He created a polyglot of languages so that they would no longer be able to communicate with each other.

pos(intention.@def.@pl,people(icl>human))
agt(aware(icl>state).@pred,god)
obj(aware(icl>state).@pred,intention.@def.@pl)
man(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,aware(icl>state).@pred)
obj(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,god)
gol(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,angry(icl>state).@pred)
and(create(icl>event).@pred.@past.@entry,become(icl>event).@pred.@past)
man(create(icl>event).@pred.@past.@entry,so(equ>therefore))
agt(create(icl>event).@pred.@past.@entry,he)
obj(create(icl>event).@pred.@past.@entry,polyglot.@indef)
mod(polyglot.@indef,language(icl>language).@pl)
pur(create(icl>event).@pred.@past.@entry,
communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@pred.@apodosis.@ability)
man(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@pred.@apodosis.@ability,nolonger)
agt(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@pred.@apodosis.@ability,
they(icl>human))
man(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@pred.@apodosis.@ability,eachother)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-004> Consequently, the tower was unfinished, and earned fame in the Old Testament as the Tower of Babel.

and(earn(obj>fame).@entry.@pred.@past,unfinished(aoj>object).@pred.@past)
man(unfinished(aoj>object).@pred.@past,consequently)
aoj(unfinished(aoj>object).@pred.@past,tower(icl>building):01.@def)
agt(earn(obj>fame).@entry.@pred.@past,tower(icl>building):01.@def)
obj(earn(obj>fame).@entry.@pred.@past,fame)
lpl(earn(obj>fame).@entry.@pred.@past,OldTestament.@def)
man(earn(obj>fame).@entry.@pred.@past,as)
obj(as,tower(icl>building):02.@def)
nam(tower(icl>building):02.@def,Babel(icl>place))
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-005>That well-known story aside, there are as many as 3,000 different languages spoken on the earth today, depending on how you count them. 

obj(aside,story(equ>legend))
mod(story(equ>legend),that)
aoj(well-known(icl>state),story(equ>legend))
man(exist(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,aside)
obj(exist(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,
>language(icl>language).@pl.@indef)
mod(3000,asmanyas)
qua(language(icl>language).@pl.@indef,3000)
aoj(different(icl>various),language(icl>language).@pl.@indef)
obj(speak(icl>event).@pred,language(icl>language).@pl.@indef)
ppl(speak(icl>event).@pred,earth.@def)
tim(speak(icl>event).@pred,today(icl>time))
man(exist(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,depend.@pred)
obj(depend.@pred,count(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@present)
man(count(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@present,how(icl>manner))
agt(count(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@present,you)
obj(count(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@present,they)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-006>More than twelve languages are spoken by more than 100 million people, including Chinese, English, Spanish, Arabic, Indonesia, French, Russian, German and Japanese.

mod(twelve(icl>number),more(ant>fewer):01)
qua(language(icl>language).@pl,twelve(icl>number))
obj(speak(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,language(icl>language).@pl)
agt(speak(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,people(icl>human).@pl)
qua(people(icl>human).@pl,100million(icl>number))
mod(100million(icl>number),more(ant>fewer):02)
aoj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,language(icl>language).@pl)
obj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,Japanese(icl>language))
and(Japanese(icl>language),German(icl>language))
and(German(icl>language),Russian(icl>language))
and(Russian(icl>language),French(icl>language))
and(French(icl>language),Indonesian(icl>language))
and(Indonesian(icl>language),Arabic(icl>language))
and(Arabic(icl>language),Spanish(icl>language))
and(Spanish(icl>language),English(icl>language))
and(English(icl>language),Chinese(icl>language))
[/S]
[S]
;<1-007>More than 38 languages are the native tongue of at least 10 million people.
mod(38,more(ant>fewer))
qua(language(icl>language).@pl,38)
aoj(tongue(icl>language).@entry.@pred.@present.@def,
language(icl>language).@pl)
mod(tongue(icl>language).@entry.@pred.@present.@def,native(aoj>language))
pos(tongue(icl>language).@entry.@pred.@present.@def,people(icl>human).@pl)
qua(people(icl>human).@pl,10million(icl>number))
mod(10million(icl>number),atleast)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-008>Language diversity in turn became cultural diversity, and these different cultures have given us the earth we know today that is filled with diversity and abundance in so many aspects.

mod(diversity:01,language(icl>language))
obj(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,diversity:01)
man(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,inturn)
gol(become(icl>event).@pred.@past,diversity:02)
aoj(cultural,diversity:02)
mod(culture(icl>civilization).@pl,these)
aoj(different(icl>various),culture(icl>civilization).@pl)
and(give.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,become(icl>event).@pred.@past)
cau(give.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,culture(icl>civilization).@pl)
gol(give.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,we:01)
obj(give.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,earth.@def)
obj(know(equ>familiar,agt>human).@pred.@present,earth.@def)
agt(know(equ>familiar,agt>human).@pred.@present,we:02)
tim(know(equ>familiar,agt>human).@pred.@present,today(icl>time))
obj(fill(obj>space).@pred.@present,earth.@def)
mat(fill(obj>space).@pred.@present,:01)
and:01(abundance(equ>plenty).@entry,diversity:03)
lpl(:01,aspect(icl>phase).@pl)
qua(aspect(icl>phase).@pl,many(equ>aplentyof))
man(many(equ>aplentyof),so(equ>very,icl>degree))
[/S]
[S]
;<1-009>Protecting the language spoken around you means exactly the same thing as protecting the culture of your ancestors and the one in which you grew up.

obj(protect(icl>event):01.@pred,language(icl>language).@def)
obj(speak(icl>event).@pred,language(icl>language).@def)
ppl(speak(icl>event).@pred,around(icl>place))
obj(around(icl>place),you:01)
aoj(mean(agt>event,obj>activity).@entry.@pred.@present,
protect(icl>event):01.@pred)
obj(mean(agt>event,obj>activity).@entry.@pred.@present,thing.@def)
mod(thing(icl>action).@def,same)
man(same,exactly(icl>manner))
bas(thing(icl>action).@def,protect(icl>event):02.@pred)
obj(protect(icl>event):02.@pred,one.@def)
pos(culture(icl>civilization).@def,ancestor.@pl)
pos(ancestor.@pl,you:02)
and(one.@def,culture(icl>civilization).@def)
lpl(growup(obj>person).@pred.@past,one.@def)
obj(growup(obj>person).@pred.@past,you:03)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-010>With the recent breakthroughs in means of transportation and information communications technologies, demand for international communication is rising.

obj(rise(equ>increase,obj>demand).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,
demand(icl>matter))
cau(rise(equ>increase,obj>demand).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,
breakthrough(obj>thing).@def.@pl)
mod(breakthrough(obj>thing).@def.@pl,recent(aoj>thing))
lpl(breakthrough(obj>thing).@def.@pl,technology(icl>science).@pl)
mod(means(icl>method),transportation)
and(technology(icl>science).@pl,means(icl>method))
mod(technology(icl>science).@pl,communication(icl>connection):01.@pl)
mod(communication(icl>connection):01.@pl,information)
mod(demand(icl>matter),communication(icl>connection):02)
aoj(international(aoj>thing),communication(icl>connection):02)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-011>However, language differences are a barrier to the smooth flow of information in our society.
aoj(barrier(icl>obstacle).@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,
difference(equ>dissimilarity,icl>matter).@pl)
mod(difference(equ>dissimilarity,icl>matter).@pl,language(icl>language))
man(barrier(icl>obstacle).@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,
however(equ>nevertheless))
ben(barrier(icl>obstacle).@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,
flow(obj>thing).@def)
aoj(smooth(aoj>movement),flow(obj>thing).@def)
mod(flow(obj>thing).@def,information)
lpl(flow(obj>thing).@def,society)
pos(society,we)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-012>Over the past couple of years, the Internet has become a dramatic presence, forcing radical changes in the way information flows.

dur(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@state,
>year(icl>period).@pl.@def)
qua(year(icl>period).@pl.@def,acoupleof)
mod(year(icl>period).@pl.@def,past(icl>state))
obj(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@state,Internet.@def)
gol(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@state,presence.@indef)
aoj(dramatic(equ>splendid,icl>degree),presence.@indef)
man(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@state,force(icl>event).@pred)
obj(force(icl>event).@pred,change(icl>event).@pl)
aoj(radical(aoj>innovation),change(icl>event).@pl)
lpl(change(icl>event).@pl,way(icl>manner).@def)
man(flow(obj>thing).@pred.@present,way(icl>manner).@def)
obj(flow(obj>thing).@pred.@present,information)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-013>With a new infrastructure for international information communication under construction, we are facing a new environment in which we can communicate with anybody in the world.

aoj(new(ant>old,icl>state):01,infrastructure(icl>facility).@indef)
pur(infrastructure(icl>facility).@indef,communication(icl>connection))
aoj(international(aoj>thing),communication(icl>connection))
mod(communication(icl>connection),information)
mod(infrastructure(icl>facility).@indef,under(icl>state))
mod(under(icl>state),construction(icl>act))
cau(face(obj>fact).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,
infrastructure(icl>facility).@indef)
agt(face(obj>fact).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,we:01)
obj(face(obj>fact).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,environment.@indef)
aoj(new(ant>old,icl>state):02,environment.@indef)
lpl(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@ability.@pred.@present,
environment.@indef)
agt(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@ability.@pred.@present,we:02)
ptn(communicate(agt>human,ptn>human).@ability.@pred.@present,
anybody(icl>human))
ppl(anybody(icl>human),world.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-014>The only problem remaining is how to overcome the language barrier.

mod(problem.@def,only)
obj(remain(obj>thing),problem.@def)
aoj(overcome.@entry.@pred.@present,problem.@def)
man(overcome.@entry.@pred.@present,how(icl>manner))
obj(overcome.@entry.@pred.@present,barrier(icl>obstacle).@def)
mod(barrier(icl>obstacle).@def,language(icl>language))
[/S]
[S]
;<1-015>Computers are being used in an attempt to solve this problem, with some success.
obj(use(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,computer.@pl)
lpl(use(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,attempt.@indef)
mod(attempt.@indef,solve(obj>problem).@pred)
obj(solve(obj>problem).@pred,problem)
mod(problem,this)
man(use(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.@progress,showing)
obj(showing,success(icl>result))
mod(success(icl>result),some)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-016>Research and development into computer-based translation has a long
history, and recently the concept of machine translation has found practical application through machine translation products.

and:01(development(equ>progress).@sub,research(equ>investigation))
obj(S01,translation(icl>act))
mod(translation(icl>act),computer-based)
aoj(have(agt>thing,obj>characteristics).@pred.@present,S01)
obj(have(agt>thing,obj>characteristics).@pred.@present,history.@indef)
aoj(long(icl>period),history.@indef)
and(find(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present.@complete,
have(agt>thing,obj>characteristics).@pred.@present)
tim(find(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present.@complete,recently)
agt(find(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present.@complete,concept.@def)
mod(concept.@def,machinetranslation:01)
obj(find(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present.@complete,application)
aoj(practical(icl>state),application)
met(find(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present.@complete,through(icl>manner))
obj(through(icl>manner),product(icl>goods).@pl)
mod(product(icl>goods).@pl,machinetranslation:02)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-017> However, translation is a challenging enough prospect for humans.

man(prospect.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,however(equ>nevertheless))
aoj(prospect.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,translation(icl>act))
aoj(challenging(aoj>test),prospect.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef)
man(challenging(aoj>test),enough(icl>manner))
ben(prospect.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,human(icl>creature).@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-018> It is needless to say that it is a far more daunting task for computers.

aoj(needless(icl>state).@entry.@pred.@present,
say(equ>declare,agt>human).@pred)
obj(say(equ>declare,agt>human).@pred,task(icl>work).@pred.@present.@indef)
aoj(task(icl>work).@pred.@present.@indef,it)
aoj(daunting,task(icl>work).@pred.@present.@indef)
man(daunting,more(icl>degree))
man(more(icl>degree),far(icl>degree))
ben(task(icl>work).@pred.@present.@indef,computer.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-019> A series of problems remain unsolved.
obj(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,problem.@pl)
mod(problem.@pl,seriesof)
gol(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,unsolved(icl>state))
[/S]
[S]
;<1-020>As yet, computer translation is unable to supply a high-quality output, so it remains in limited use.
man(supply(gol>human,icl>event).@pred.@present.@not.@ability,asyet)
ins(supply(gol>human,icl>event).@pred.@present.@not.@ability,
translation(icl>act))
mod(translation(icl>act),computer)
obj(supply(gol>human,icl>event).@pred.@present.@not.@ability,
output(icl>product).@indef)
mod(output(icl>product).@indef,high-quality)
man(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,so(equ>therefore))
con(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,
supply(gol>human,icl>event).@pred.@present.@not.@ability)
obj(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,it)
gol(remain(obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,use(icl>event))
aoj(limited,use(icl>event))
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-021>Research and development under the Universal Networking Language
(UNL) project began with the participation of research organizations and 
corporations from all over the world, under the initiative of UNU/IAS.
and:01(development.@sub,research:01)
mod(S01,under:01)
obj(under:01,project.@def)
mod(project.@def,Universal_Networking_Language)
cnt(Universal_Networking_Language,"()")
cnt("()",UNL)
obj(begin.@entry.@pred.@past,S01)
man(begin.@entry.@pred.@past,with)
obj(with,participation.@def)
mod(participation.@def,S02)
and:02(corporation.@pl.@sub,organization.@pl)
mod:02(organization.@pl,research:02)
src(S02,world.@def)
mod(world.@def,all_over)
man(begin.@entry.@pred.@past,under:02)
obj(under:02,initiative.@def)
mod(initiative.@def,UNU/IAS)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-022>UNL is a global-scale common language, being transparent to all 
languages.
aoj(language:01.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef,UNL)
aoj(global-scale,language:01.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef)
aoj(common,language:01.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef)
aoj(transparent.@pred,language:01.@entry.@pred.@present.@indef)
ben(transparent.@pred,language:02.@pl)
mod(language:02.@pl,all)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-023>Information encoded in UNL is converted to an equivalent 
counterpart written in the target language, through a language generator 
"deconvertor" prepared for each language.
obj(encode.@pred,information)
met(encode.@pred,UNL)
obj(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,information)
gol(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,counterpart.@indef)
aoj(equivalent,counterpart.@indef)
obj(write.@pred,counterpart.@indef)
met(write.@pred,language:01.@def)
mod(language:01.@def,target)
met(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,generator.@indef)
mod(generator.@indef,language:02)
cnt(generator.@indef,deconvertor)
obj(prepare.@pred,generator.@indef)
ben(prepare.@pred,language:03)
mod(language:03,each)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-024>An editor called "encovertor" converts information written in a 
given language to UNL-format information.
obj(call.@pred,editor.@indef)
gol(call.@pred,encovertor)
ins(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,editor.@indef)
obj(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,information:01)
obj(write.@pred,information:01)
met(write.@pred,language.@indef)
aoj(given,language.@indef)
gol(convert.@entry.@pred.@present,information:02)
aoj(UNL-format,information:02)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-025>As UNL excludes ambiguity and is purely logical,it is difficult 
for humans to understand in itself.
and(logical.@pred.@present.@sub,exclude.@pred.@present)
aoj(logical.@pred.@present.@sub,UNL)
aoj(exclude.@pred.@present,UNL)
obj(exclude.@pred.@present,ambiguity)
man(logical.@pred.@present,purely)
con(difficult.@entry.@pred.@present,logical.@pred.@present)
aoj(difficult.@entry.@pred.@present,understand.@pred)
ben(difficult.@entry.@pred.@present,human.@pl)
agt(understand.@pred,human.@pl)
man(understand.@pred,itself)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-026>The language exists only on the information network.
obj(exist.@entry.@pred.@present,language.@def)
lpl(exist.@entry.@pred.@present,network.@def)
mod(network.@def,only)
mod(network.@def,information)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-027>UNL differs from traditional language conversion methods in the 
sense that it does not involve language analysis, so it is not a 
translation system.
obj(differ.@pred.@present,UNL)
bas(differ.@pred.@present,method.@pl)
aoj(traditional,method.@pl)
mod(conversion,language:01)
mod(method.@pl,conversion)
man(differ.@pred.@present,sense.@def)
mod(sense.@def,involve.@pred.@present.@not)
aoj(involve.@pred.@present.@not,it:01)
obj(involve.@pred.@present.@not,analysis)
mod(analysis,language:02)
con(system.@entry.@pred.@present.@not.@indef,differ.@pred.@present)
man(system.@entry.@pred.@present.@not.@indef,so)
aoj(system.@entry.@pred.@present.@not.@indef,it)
mod(system.@entry.@pred.@present.@not.@indef,translation)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-028>UNL can enable communication between a number of languages for
practical purposes using stable language generation techniques, avoiding
difficulty in language analysis, which is the stumbling block for existing
technology.
cau(enable.@entry.@pred.@present.@ability,UNL)
obj(enable.@entry.@pred.@present.@ability,communication)
man(enable.@entry.@pred.@present.@ability,use.@pred)
man(enable.@entry.@pred.@present.@ability,avoid.@pred)
mod(communication,between)
obj(between,language:01.@pl)
mod(language:01.@pl,a_number_of)
pur(communication,purpose.@pl)
aoj(practical,purpose.@pl)
obj(use.@pred,technique.@pl)
aoj(stable,technique.@pl)
mod(technique.@pl,generation)
mod(generation,language:02)
obj(avoid.@pred,difficulty)
lpl(difficulty,analysis)
mod(analysis,language:03)
aoj(block.@pred.@present.@def,difficulty)
ins(stumble.@pred,block.@def)
ben(block.@def,technology)
obj(exist.@pred,technology)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-029>Ever since the time of the tower of Babel, the art of communicating
between different languages has been lost.
obj(ever_since,time.@def)
mod(time.@def,tower.@def)
nam(tower.@def,Babel)
man(lose.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,ever_since)
mod(art.@def,communicate)
man(communicate,between)
obj(between,language.@pl)
aoj(different,language.@pl)
obj(lose.@entry.@pred.@present.@state,art.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-030>UNL represents the means to bring this back on the information
network.
aoj(represent.@entry.@pred.@present,UNL)
obj(represent.@entry.@pred.@present,means.@def)
met(bring.@pred,means.@def)
obj(bring.@pred,this)
man(bring.@pred,back)
ppl(bring.@pred,network.@def)
mod(network.@def,information)
[/S]
[/P]
[/D]

[D]
[T]
;<1-031>1.1 Overcoming the Language Barrier
smd(overcome.@entry.@pred.@title,"1.1")
obj(overcome.@entry.@pred.@title,barrier.@def)
mod(barrier.@def,language)
[/T]
[P]
[S]???
;<1-032>In the thousands of years of human history recorded to date, such
factors as the spread of religions or territorial conquest meant that local
languages sometimes became dominated by other tongues.
qua(year.@pl.@def,thousands_of)
mod(year.@pl.@def,history)
mod(history,human)
obj(record.@pred,history)
gol(record.@pred,date)
mod(factor.@pl,such)
mod(factor.@pl,as)
obj(as,S01)
or:01(conquest.@sub,spread.@def)
mod:01(spread.@def,religion.@pl)
aoj:01(territorial,conquest.@sub)
tim(mean.@past.@pred.@entry,year.@pl.@def)
aoj(mean.@past.@pred.@entry,factor.@pl)
obj(mean.@past.@pred.@entry,become.@pred.@past)
aoj(local,language.@pl)
obj(become.@pred.@past,language.@pl)
gol(become.@pred.@past,dominate.@pred)
tim(become.@pred.@past,sometimes)
agt(dominate.@pred,tongue.@pl)
mod(tongue.@pl,other)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-033>The result for quite a few cultures has been total change.
ben(result.@def,culture.@pl)
qua(culture.@pl,a_few)
man(a_few,quite)
aoj(change.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,result.@def)
aoj(total,change.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-034>As we move towards the 21st century, we will be unlikely to see
such events being repeated; instead, people will protect their own
languages.
agt(move.@present.@pred,we:01)
gol(move.@present.@pred,towards)
obj(towards,century.@def)
mod(century.@def,21st)
agt(be_unlikely.@future.@pred,we:02)
obj(be_unlikely.@future.@pred,see.@pred)
obj(see.@pred,event.@pl)
mod(event.@pl,such)
obj(repeat.@pred,event.@pl)
obj(as,move.@present.@pred)
man(unlikely.@future.@pred,as)
and(protect.@future.@pred.@entry,unlikely.@future.@pred)
man(protect.@future.@pred.@entry,instead)
agt(protect.@future.@pred.@entry,people)
obj(protect.@future.@pred.@entry,language.@pl)
pos(language.@pl,they)
mod(language.@pl,own)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-035>This trend is already clearly evident in Europe, and in Asia, where
people are trying to use their original languages.
mod(trend,this)
aoj(evident.@present.@pred.@entry,trend)
man(evident.@present.@pred.@entry,already)
man(evident.@present.@pred.@entry,clearly)
ppl(evident.@present.@pred.@entry,S01)
enu:01(Asia.@sub,Europe)
ppl(try.@present.@progress.@pred,S01)
agt(try.@present.@progress.@pred,people)
obj(try.@present.@progress.@pred,use.@pred)
obj(use.@pred,language.@pl)
pos(language.@pl,they)
aoj(original,language.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-036>In Malaysia, for example, the education system that once used
English has now switched back to Malay.
ppl(switch.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,Malaysia)
mod(Malaysia,for_example)
obj(switch.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,system.@def)
mod(system.@def,education)
agt(use.@past.@pred,system.@def)
tim(use.@past.@pred,once)
obj(use.@past.@pred,English)
tim(switch.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,now)
gol(switch.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,Malay)
man(switch.@present.@complete.@pred.@entry,back)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-037>But while this happening, there is growing demand for education in
the English language, as the international language.
mod(happening,this)
man(happening,but)
dur(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,happening)
obj(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,demand)
obj(grow,demand)
mod(demand,education)
ins(education,language:01.@def)
mod(language:01.@def,English)
mod(language:01.@def,as)
obj(as,language:02.@def)
aoj(international,language:02.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-038>Although native speakers of English acquire the language naturally,
those who are unfamiliar with English must devote considerable energies to
mastering it.
aoj(native,speaker.@pl)
mod(speaker.@pl,English:01)
man(acquire.@present.@pred,although)
agt(acquire.@present.@pred,speaker.@pl)
obj(acquire.@present.@pred,language.@def)
man(acquire.@present.@pred,naturally)
agt(devote.@present.@obligation.@pred.@entry,those)
aoj(unfamiliar.@present.@pred,those)
obj(unfamiliar.@present.@pred,English:02)
obj(devote.@present.@obligation.@pred.@entry,energy.@pl)
aoj(considerable,energy.@pl)
gol(devote.@present.@obligation.@pred.@entry,master.@pred)
obj(master.@pred,it)
con(devote.@present.@obligation.@pred.@entry,acquire.@present.@pred)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-039>Consequently, receiving an adequate education in English is often
perceived as the privilege of people of a certain class, and even when a
person has had the opportunity to receive instruction in English, it is
rare that he can find a place to actually practice what he has learned.
man(perceive.@present.@pred,consequently)
obj(receive:01.@pred,education.@indef)
aoj(adequate,education.@indef)
met(education.@indef,English:01)
obj(perceive.@present.@pred,receive:01.@pred)
man(perceive.@present.@pred,often)
man(perceive.@present.@pred,as)
obj(as,privilege.@def)
pos(privilege.@def,people)
mod(people,class.@indef)
mod(class.@indef,certain)
agt(have.@present.@complete.@pred,person.@indef)
obj(have.@present.@complete.@pred,opportunity.@def)
mod(opportunity.@def,receive:02.@pred)
obj(receive:02.@pred,instruction)
met(instruction,English:02)
aoj(rare.@present.@pred.@entry,find.@present.@possibility.@pred)
agt(find.@present.@possibility.@pred,he:01)
obj(find.@present.@possibility.@pred,place.@indef)
ppl(practice.@pred,place.@indef)
man(practice.@pred,actually)
obj(practice.@pred,what)
obj(learn.@present.@complete.@pred,what)
agt(learn.@present.@complete.@pred,he)
and(rare.@present.@pred.@entry,perceive.@present.@pred)
tim(rare.@present.@pred.@entry,have.@present.@complete.@pred)
man(have.@present.@complete.@pred,even)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-040>It would be unfair if the opportunity for information exchange is
restricted solely for a lack of English-language competence.
aoj(unfair.@present.@apodosis.@pred.@entry,restrict.@present.@pred.@if)
obj(restrict.@present.@pred.@if,opportunity.@def)
pur(opportunity.@def,exchange)
obj(exchange,information)
man(restrict.@present.@pred.@if,solely)
cau(restrict.@present.@pred.@if,lack.@indef)
mod(lack.@indef,competence)
mod(competence,English-language)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-041>Communicating highly technological information relies heavily on
English, making an education in the English language essential, before
receiving training in the advanced technologies.
obj(communicate.@pred,information)
aoj(technological,information)
man(technological,highly)
agt(rely.@present.@pred.@entry,communicate.@pred)
man(rely.@present.@pred.@entry,heavily)
obj(rely.@present.@pred.@entry,English:01)
man(rely.@present.@pred.@entry,make.@pred)
obj(make.@pred,education.@indef)
met(education.@indef,language.@def)
mod(language.@def,English:02)
gol(make.@pred,essential)
tim(make.@pred,before)
obj(before,receive.@pred)
obj(receive.@pred,training)
mod(training,technology.@pl.@def);???met/man
aoj(advanced,technology.@pl.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-042>If you have not had the chance to learn English, or if you have
been avoiding the undertaking, then you are automatically excluded from
access to high-tech information.
agt:01(have.@present.@not.@complete.@pred.@if,you:01)
obj:01(have.@present.@not.@complete.@pred.@if,chance.@def)
mod:01(chance.@def,learn.@pred)
obj:01(learn.@pred,English)
agt:01(avoid.@present.@complete.@progress.@pred.@if,you:02)
obj:01(avoid.@present.@complete.@progress.@pred.@if,undertake.@def)
con(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,S01)
or:01(avoid.@present.@complete.@progress.@pred.@if.@sub,
have.@present.@not.@complete.@pred.@if)
man(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,then)
obj(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,you:03)
man(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,automatically)
src(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,access)
obj(access,information)
aoj(high-tech,information)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-043>On the other side of the coin, considerable amounts of
technological information is being prepared in languages other than English.
mod(side.@def,other)
mod(side.@def,coin.@def)
lpl(prepare.@present.@progress.@pred.@entry,side.@def)
obj(prepare.@present.@progress.@pred.@entry,information)
aoj(considerable,amount.@pl)
qua(information,amount.@pl)
aoj(technological,information)
met(prepare.@present.@progress.@pred.@entry,language.@pl)
mod(language.@pl,other_than)
obj(other_than,English)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-044>Access to this information is confined to the country of its
origin, and it is not disclosed internationally.
obj(access,information)
mod(information,this)
obj(confine.@present.@pred,access)
gol(confine.@present.@pred,country.@def)
mod(country.@def,origin)
pos(origin,it:01)
obj(disclose.@present.@not.@pred.@entry,it:02)
man(disclose.@present.@not.@pred.@entry,internationally)
and(disclose.@present.@not.@pred.@entry,confine.@present.@pred)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-045>There are past examples of information of this nature creating
trade barriers.
obj(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,example.@pl)
aoj(past,example.@pl)
mod(example.@pl,information)
mod(information,nature)
mod(nature,this)
cau(create.@pred,information)
obj(create.@pred,barrier.@pl)
mod(barrier.@pl,trade)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-046>Incidentally, economic and social information is usually presented
in the creator's mother tongue.
man(present.@present.@pred.@entry,incidentally)
and:01(social.@sub,economic)
aoj(S01,information)
obj(present.@present.@pred.@entry,information)
man(present.@present.@pred.@entry,usually)
met(present.@present.@pred.@entry,mother_tongue.@def)
pos(mother_tongue.@def,creator)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-047>Even with a tremendous effort by a large number of translators, an
insufficient amount of information is available.
mod(effort.@indef,even)
aoj(tremendous,effort.@indef)
mod(effort.@indef,translator.@pl);???agt->mod
qua(translator.@pl,number.@indef)
aoj(large,number.@indef)
man(available.@present.@pred.@entry,effort.@indef)
aoj(insufficient,amount.@indef)
qua(information,amount.@indef)
aoj(available.@present.@pred.@entry,information)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-048>In particular, foreigners are hard pressed to access information on
 customs and cultures, if they do not speak the language of that country.
man(press.@present.@pred.@entry,in_particular)
obj(press.@present.@pred.@entry,foreigner.@pl)
man(press.@present.@pred.@entry,hard)
gol(press.@present.@pred.@entry,access.@pred)
obj(access.@pred,information)
mod(information,S01)
and:01(culture.@pl.@sub,custom.@pl)
con(press.@present.@pred.@entry,speak.@present.@not.@pred.@if)
agt(speak.@present.@not.@pred.@if,they)
obj(speak.@present.@not.@pred.@if,language.@def)
mod(language.@def,country)
mod(country,that)
[/S]
[S]
;<1-049>A key element in international mutual understanding is the exchange
of information, particularly information on a country's society.
mod(element.@indef,key)
lpl(element.@indef,understanding)
aoj(international,understanding)
aoj(mutual,understanding)
aoj(exchange.@def.@present.@pred.@entry,element.@indef)
obj(exchange.@def.@present.@pred.@entry,information:01)
mod(information:02,particularly)
mod(information:01,information:02)
mod(information:02,society.@indef)
pos(society.@indef,country)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;<1-050>For example, most Japanese Internet sites offer their homepages
only in Japanese, although corporations and universities provide English
versions as well.
man(offer.@present.@pred.@entry,for_example)
agt(offer.@present.@pred.@entry,site.@pl)
mod(site.@pl,Internet)
aoj(Japanese:01,site.@pl)
mod(site.@pl,most)
pos(home_page.@pl,they)
obj(offer.@present.@pred.@entry,home_page.@pl)
met(offer.@present.@pred.@entry,Japanese:02)
mod(Japanese:02,only)
and:01(university.@pl.@sub,corporation.@pl)
agt(provide.@present.@pred,S01)
aoj(English,version.@pl)
obj(provide.@present.@pred,version.@pl)
man(provide.@present.@pred,as_well)
man(provide.@present.@pred,although)
con(offer.@present.@pred.@entry,provide.@present.@pred)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-051)With the language barrier as the stumbling block, those
Japanese-only sites effectively exclude access from abroad.
mod(barrier.@def,language)
mod(barrier.@def,as)
obj(as,block.@def)
ins(stumble,block.@def)
mod(site.@pl,Japanese-only)
mod(site.@pl,those)
agt(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,site.@pl)
met(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,barrier.@def);man??
man(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,effectively)
obj(exclude.@present.@pred.@entry,access)
src(access,abroad)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-052)Even with the advances in information communications hardware and
the growth of Internet, the language barrier still exists to hinder human
communication.
lpl(advance.@pl,hardware)
mod(communication:01.@pl,information)
mod(hardware,communication:01.@pl)
mod(growth.@def,Internet)
and(growth.@def,advance.@pl)
mod(growth.@def,even)
met(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,growth.@def);man??
mod(barrier.@def,language)
obj(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,barrier.@def)
man(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,still)
pur(exist.@present.@pred.@entry,hinder.@pred)
obj(hinder.@pred,communication:02)
mod(communication:02,human)
[/S]
[/P]
[/D]
[D]
[T]
;(1-053)International Information Flows
aoj(international,information)
obj(flow.@title.@pred.@present.@entry,information)
[/T]
[P]
[S]
;(1-054)The second half of this century has demonstrated that the diversity
of nations on earth is not a zero-sum game.
mod(half.@def,second)
mod(century,this)
mod(half.@def,century)
agt(demonstrate.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,half.@def)
mod(diversity.@def,nation.@pl)
ppl(nation.@pl,earth)
mod(game.@indef.@pred.@present.@not,zero-sum)
aoj(game.@indef.@pred.@present.@not,diversity.@def)
obj(demonstrate.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,
game.@indef.@pred.@present.@not)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-055)Rather, economic development in one country has positive
repercussions for the economies of other countries.
aoj(economic,development)
mod(country:01,one)
ppl(development,country:01)
man(have.@pred.@present.@entry,rather)
aoj(have.@pred.@present.@entry,development)
aoj(positive,repercussion.@pl)
obj(have.@pred.@present.@entry,repercussion.@pl)
ben(repercussion.@pl,economy.@pl.@def)
mod(country:02.@pl,other)
mod(economy.@pl.@def,country:02.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-056)For a nation to be affluent, it is necessary that its neighbors
accrete wealth.
aoj(affluent.@pred,nation.@indef)
pos(neighbor.@pl,it)
agt(accrete.@pred.@present,neighbor.@pl)
obj(accrete.@pred.@present,wealth)
pur(necessary.@pred.@present.@entry,affluent.@pred)
obj(necessary.@pred.@present.@entry,accrete.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-057)Thus Asian countries has been demonstrating marked development
owing to the cooperation granted by their neighbors.
aoj(Asian,country.@pl)
man(demonstrate.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,thus)
agt(demonstrate.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,country.@pl)
aoj(marked,development)
obj(demonstrate.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,development)
aoj(owe.@pred,development)
obj(owe.@pred,cooperation.@def)
obj(grant.@pred,cooperation.@def)
pos(neighbor.@pl,they)
agt(grant.@pred,neighbor.@pl)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-058)With continued growth in international economic interaction, the
amount of information that needs to be sent from one place to another is
rising dramatically.
obj(continue.@pred,growth)
aoj(international,interaction)
aoj(economic,interaction)
lpl(growth,interaction)
mod(amount.@def,information)
aoj(need.@present.@pred,information)
obj(send.@pred,information)
obj(need.@present.@pred,send.@pred)
mod(place,one)
src(send.@pred,place)
gol(send.@pred,another)
man(rise.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,growth)
obj(rise.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,amount.@def)
man(rise.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,dramatically)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-059)Although it is virtually impossible to calculate how much
information is exchanged, surely it is much less than the amount originally
intended to be conveyed.
man(impossible.@pred.@present,although)
man(impossible.@pred.@present,virtually)
obj(impossible.@pred.@present,calculate.@pred)
man(much:01,how);how_much??
qua(information,much:01)
obj(exchange.@pred.@present,information)
obj(calculate.@pred,exchange.@pred.@present)
man(little.@pred.@present.@entry,more);"less"=UW:little/less?
man(little.@pred.@present.@entry,much:02);"less"=UW:little/less?
man(little.@pred.@present.@entry,surely)
aoj(little.@pred.@present.@entry,it)
bas(little.@pred.@present.@entry,amount.@def)
obj(intend.@pred,amount.@def)
obj(convey.@pred,amount.@def)
man(intend.@pred,originally)
gol(intend.@pred,convey.@pred)
con(little.@pred.@present.@entry,impossible.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-060)Among the factors that make information communications harder are
the highcostofemployingtranslatorsand the relativelylowproductivity
of the translationprocess.
cau(make.@pred.@present,factor.@pl.@def)
mod(communication.@pl,information)
obj(make.@pred.@present,communication.@pl)
gol(make.@pred.@present,hard)
man(hard,more)
lpl(exist.@pred.@present.@entry,among)
obj(among,factor.@pl.@def)
aoj(high,cost.@def)
mod(cost.@def,employ.@pred)
obj(employ.@pred,translator.@pl)
man(low,relatively)
obj(low,productivity.@def)
mod(process.@def,translation)
mod(productivity.@def,process.@def)
and(productivity.@def,cost.@def)
obj(exist.@pred.@present.@entry,productivity.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-061)Receiving tens of dollars per page, the average translator can
 churn out only about ten pages a day.
qua(dollar.@pl,ten:01.@pl)
per(dollar.@pl,page:01)
obj(receive.@pred,dollar.@pl)
aoj(average,translator.@def)
man(churn.@pred.@present.@ability.@entry,receive.@pred)
man(churn.@pred.@present.@ability.@entry,out)
agt(churn.@pred.@present.@ability.@entry,translator.@def)
mod(ten:02,only)
mod(ten:02,about)
qua(page:02.@pl,ten:02)
per(page:02.@pl,day.@indef)
obj(churn.@pred.@present.@ability.@entry,page:02.@pl)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-062)Datasuchasmanagementandoperationsmanualsforlargeplants are 
hugeinvolume,andrequirefairlyfrequentupdatinginthoseindustrial
sectorssubjecttorapidtechnological advancements.
mod(data,such_as)
obj(such_as,manual.@pl)
and:01(operation.@pl.@sub,management)
mod(manual.@pl,S01)
aoj(large,plant.@pl)
ben(manual.@pl,plant.@pl);pur?
aoj(huge.@pred.@present,data)
lpl(huge.@pred.@present,volume)
man(frequent,fairly)
aoj(frequent,update)
agt(require.@pred.@present.@entry,data)
obj(require.@pred.@present.@entry,update)
mod(sector.@pl,those)
aoj(industrial,sector.@pl)
lpl(require.@pred.@present.@entry,sector.@pl)
aoj(rapid,advancement.@pl)
aoj(technological,advancement.@pl)
aoj(subject,sector.@pl)
gol(subject,advancement.@pl)
and(require.@pred.@present.@entry,huge.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-063)The translatingcostswillnotpresentaproblemif the plant
exportsitsgoodstoacountrywhere the peoplespeakoneof the world's
majorlanguages.
mod(cost.@pl.@det,translate)
agt(present.@pred.@future.@not.@entry,cost.@pl.@det)
obj(present.@pred.@future.@not.@entry,problem.@indef)
agt(export.@pred.@present.@if,plant.@def)
pos(good.@pl,it)
obj(export.@pred.@present.@if,good.@pl)
gol(export.@pred.@present.@if,country.@indef)
ppl(speak.@pred.@present,country.@indef)
agt(speak.@pred.@present,people.@def)
obj(speak.@pred.@present,language.@pl.@def)
pos(language.@pl.@def,world)
mod(language.@pl.@def,one_of)
aoj(major,language.@pl.@def)
con(present.@pred.@future.@not.@entry,export.@pred.@present.@if)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-064)However,when the plantshipsitsproducttoacountrywhere the 
mothertongueis are lativelyminorlanguage, the dataislikelytobe
suppliedinEnglish.
agt(ship.@pred.@present,plant.@def)
pos(product,it)
obj(ship.@pred.@present,product)
gol(ship.@pred.@present,country.@indef)
man(minor,relatively)
aoj(language.@indef.@pred.@present,mother_tongue.@def)
aoj(minor,language.@indef.@pred.@present)
ppl(language.@indef.@pred.@present,country.@indef)
aoj(likely.@pred.@present.@entry,data.@def)
obj(likely.@pred.@present.@entry,supply.@pred)
obj(supply.@pred,data.@def)
man(supply.@pred,English);met??
man(likely.@pred.@present.@entry,however)
tim(likely.@pred.@present.@entry,ship.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-065)Thislimits the choiceofplantoperatorstothosewhocan
understandEnglish.
cau(limit.@pred.@present.@entry,this)
obj(limit.@pred.@present.@entry,choice.@def)
mod(operator.@pl,plant)
obj(choice.@def,operator.@pl)
gol(limit.@pred.@present.@entry,those)
agt(understand.@pred.@present.@ability,those)
obj(understand.@pred.@present.@ability,English)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-066)Itis the reforefairtosaythatinmanycountries the language
barriercreatesabottleneckforemploymentopportunitiesandeconomic
activities.
man(fair.@pred.@present.@entry,therefore)
obj(fair.@pred.@present.@entry,say.@pred)
obj(say.@pred,create.@pred.@present)
qua(country.@pl,many)
mod(barrier.@def,language)
ppl(create.@pred.@present,country.@pl)
cau(create.@pred.@present,barrier.@def)
obj(create.@pred.@present,bottleneck.@indef)
ben(bottleneck.@indef,activity.@pl);ben??
mod(opportunity.@pl,employment)
aoj(economic,activity.@pl)
and(activity.@pl,opportunity.@pl)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-067)To ensure that people all over the world enjoy a fair chance in
society and in their economic activities,universal information disclosure
is a must.
mod(world.@def,all_over)
ppl(people,world.@def)
agt(enjoy.@pred.@present,people)
aoj(fair,chance.@indef)
aoj(economic,activity.@pl)
pos(activity.@pl,they)
and(activity.@pl,society)
lpl(chance.@indef,activity.@pl)
obj(enjoy.@pred.@present,chance.@indef)
obj(ensure.@pred,enjoy.@pred.@present)
mod(disclosure,information)
aoj(universal,disclosure)
aoj(must.@indef.@pred.@present.@entry,disclosure)
pur(must.@indef.@pred.@present.@entry,ensure.@pred)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-068)Yet the languagebarrierimpedesthis.
mod(barrier.@def,language)
man(impede.@pred.@present.@entry,yet)
cau(impede.@pred.@present.@entry,barrier.@def)
obj(impede.@pred.@present.@entry,this)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-069)Evenwhenitisdisclosedthrough a broad cross-sectionofmedia,
if the informationisavailableonlyin the languageof the originating
country,from the perspectiveofspeakersofotherlanguagesitis
tantamounttoafailuretodisclose the information adequately.
man(disclose:01.@pred.@present,even)
obj(disclose:01.@pred.@present,it:01)
aoj(broad,cross-section.@indef)
mod(cross-section.@indef,media)
met(disclose:01.@pred.@present,through)
obj(through,cross-section.@indef);relativeUW??
aoj(available.@pred.@present.@if,information:01.@def)
mod(language:01.@def,country.@def)
lpl(originate,country.@def);??/mod(country.@def,originate)
mod(language:01.@def,only)
met(available.@pred.@present.@if,language:01.@def)
pos(perspective.@def,speaker.@pl)
mod(language:02.@pl,other)
mod(speaker.@pl,language:02.@pl)
aoj(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,it:02)
man(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,from);man->"from"??
obj(from,perspective.@def)
bas(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,failure.@indef)
mod(failure.@indef,disclose:02.@pred)
obj(disclose:02.@pred,information:02.@def)
man(disclose:02.@pred,adequately)
tim(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,disclose:01.@pred.@present)
con(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,available.@pred.@present.@if)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-070)Government institutions that must ensure a fair circulation of
information devote considerable funds and labor to translating documents.
mod(institution.@pl,Government)
agt(ensure.@pred.@present.@obligation,institution.@pl)
obj(ensure.@pred.@present.@obligation,circulation.@indef)
aoj(fair,circulation.@indef)
obj(circulation.@indef,information)
and:01(labor.@sub,fund.@pl)
aoj(considerable,S01)
agt(devote.@pred.@present.@entry,institution.@pl)
obj(devote.@pred.@present.@entry,S01)
gol(devote.@pred.@present.@entry,translate.@pred)
obj(translate.@pred,document.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-071)AtUNheadquarters,conferencematerials are translatedinto the 
sixofficiallanguagesdesignatedby the organization,whilein the EU,
conferencematerials are translatedinto the twelvelanguagesfor the 
memberstates.
mod(headquarters,UN)
mod(material:01.@pl,conference:01)
ppl(translate:01.@pred.@present,headquarters)
obj(translate:01.@pred.@present,material:01.@pl)
qua(language:01.@pl.@def,six)
aoj(official,language:01.@pl.@def)
obj(designate.@pred,language:01.@pl.@def)
agt(designate.@pred,organization.@def)
gol(translate:01.@pred.@present,language:01.@pl.@def)
ppl(translate:02.@pred.@present.@entry,EU.@def)
mod(material:02.@pl,conference:02)
obj(translate:02.@pred.@present.@entry,material:02.@pl)
qua(language:02.@pl.@def,twelve)
gol(translate:02.@pred.@present.@entry,language:02.@pl.@def)
mod(state.@pl,member)
ben(language:02.@pl.@def,state.@pl)
and(translate:02.@pred.@present.@entry,translate:01.@pred.@present)
man(translate:02.@pred.@present.@entry,while)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-072)Thesemeasures are ,nonetheless,insufficienttoensureafair
circulation of information.
mod(measure.@pl,these)
aoj(insufficient.@pred.@present.@entry,measure.@pl)
man(insufficient.@pred.@present.@entry,nonetheless)
pur(insufficient.@pred.@present.@entry,ensure.@pred)
aoj(fair,circulation.@indef)
obj(circulation.@indef,information)
obj(ensure.@pred,circulation.@indef)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-073)Often the causeforconflictsordisputesisfoundtobealackof
informationexchange.
man(find.@pred.@present.@entry,often)
or(dispute.@pl,conflict.@pl)
mod(cause.@def,dispute.@pl);"for"??
obj(find.@pred.@present.@entry,cause.@def)
gol(find.@pred.@present.@entry,lack.@indef.@pred.@present)
mod(exchange,information)
obj(lack.@indef.@pred.@present,exchange)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-074)The languagebarrierstandsasahindrancetoinformationexchange,
servingtomake the lackofinformationexchangemoreserious.
mod(barrier.@def,language)
obj(stand.@pred.@present.@entry,barrier.@def)
man(stand.@pred.@present.@entry,hindrance.@indef);"as"??
mod(exchange:01,information:01)
mod(hindrance.@indef,exchange:01);gol??/ben??/mod??
man(stand.@pred.@present.@entry,serve.@pred)
obj(serve.@pred,make.@pred)
obj(make.@pred,lack.@def)
mod(exchange:02,information:02)
obj(lack.@def,exchange:02)
man(serious,more)
gol(make.@pred,serious)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-075)Creating an info-communications infrastructure that overcomes the
language barrier is vital to ensure equal access to information for people
around the world, so that they may obtain equal opportunity for business
and for cultivating mutual understandings.
mod(infrastructure.@indef,info-communication.@pl)
obj(create.@pred,infrastructure.@indef)
cau(overcome.@pred.@present,infrastructure.@indef)
mod(barrier.@def,language)
obj(overcome.@pred.@present,barrier.@def)
aoj(vital.@pred.@present.@entry,create.@pred)
pur(vital.@pred.@present.@entry,ensure.@pred)
aoj(equal:01,access)
obj(ensure.@pred,access)
gol(access,information)
ben(ensure.@pred,people)
ppl(people,around)
obj(around,world.@def)
pur(vital.@pred.@present.@entry,obtain.@pred.@present.@possibility)
agt(obtain.@pred.@present.@possibility,they)
aoj(equal:02,opportunity)
obj(obtain.@pred.@present.@possibility,opportunity)
and(cultivate.@pred,business)
aoj(mutual,understanding.@pl)
obj(cultivate.@pred,understanding.@pl)
mod(opportunity,cultivate.@pred);pur??
[/S]
[/P]
[/D]
 
[D]
[T]
;(1-076)Growth of the Internet
obj(growth.@title.@entry,Internet.@def)
[/T]
[P]
[S]
;(1-077)The beginnings of the Internet can betracedto the Cold-Warperiod.
mod(beginning.@pl.@def,Internet.@def)
obj(trace.@pred.@present.@possibility.@entry,beginning.@pl.@def)
mod(period.@def,Cold-War)
gol(trace.@pred.@present.@possibility.@entry,period.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-078)At the endof1960s, the DepartmentofDefenseordered the 
constructionofaninformationnetworkthatwouldbesodecentralizedasto
beabletoatleastpartiallysurviveanuclearattack.
mod(end.@def,1960s)
tim(order.@pred.@past.@entry,end.@def)
agt(order.@pred.@past.@entry,Department_of_Defense.@def)
mod(network.@indef,information)
obj(construction.@def,network.@indef)
obj(order.@pred.@past.@entry,construction.@def)
obj(decentralize.@pred.@present.@apodosis,network.@indef)
man(decentralize.@pred.@present.@apodosis,so);??
pur(decentralize.@pred.@present.@apodosis,survive.@pred.@ability)
man(partially,at_least)
man(survive.@pred.@ability,partially)
mod(attack.@indef,nuclear)
obj(survive.@pred.@ability,attack.@indef)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-079)The network was first used in 1969, and has since evolved into what
we now know as the Internet: an amalgamation of over 100,000 computer
networks,run by governments, universities, non-profit organizations and
private-sector corporations.
obj(use.@pred.@past,network:01.@def)
man(use.@pred.@past,first)
tim(use.@pred.@past,1969)
and(evolve.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,use.@pred.@past);seq??
obj(evolve.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,network:01.@def)
man(evolve.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,since);tmf?
gol(evolve.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,what)
obj(know.@pred.@present,what)
agt(know.@pred.@present,we)
tim(know.@pred.@present,now)
man(know.@pred.@present,Internet.@def)
mod(Internet.@def,amalgamation.@indef)
mod(amalgamation.@indef,network:02.@pl)
mod(100000,over)
qua(network:02.@pl,100000)
mod(network:02.@pl,computer)
obj(run.@pred,network:02.@pl)
and(university.@pl,government.@pl)
mod(organization.@pl,non-profit)
and(organization.@pl,university.@pl)
mod(corporation.@pl,private-sector)
and(corporation.@pl,organization.@pl)
agt(run.@pred,corporation.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-080)Complying to the same technical standards,thesecomputernetworks
comprise the Internet.
aoj(technical,standard.@pl.@def)
mod(standard.@pl.@def,same)
gol(comply.@pred,standard.@pl.@def)
mod(network.@pl,computer)
mod(network.@pl,these)
man(comprise.@pred.@present.@entry,comply.@pred)
aoj(comprise.@pred.@present.@entry,network.@pl);aoj-objverb
obj(comprise.@pred.@present.@entry,Internet.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-081)Using these technical standards enables individual networks to link
to the backbone network, by accessing one of main high-speed, long-distance
Internet lines.
aoj(technical,standard.@pl.@def)
mod(standard.@pl.@def,these)
obj(use.@pred,standard.@pl.@def)
cau(enable.@pred.@present.@entry,use.@pred)
aoj(individual,network:01.@pl)
obj(enable.@pred.@present.@entry,network:01.@pl)
gol(enable.@pred.@present.@entry,link.@pred)
mod(network:02.@pl.@def,backbone)
gol(link.@pred,network:02.@pl.@def)
met(enable.@pred.@present.@entry,access.@pred)
obj(access.@pred,line.@pl)
mod(line.@pl,Internet)
aoj(long-distance,line.@pl)
aoj(high-speed,line.@pl)
aoj(main,line.@pl)
mod(line.@pl,one_of)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-082)Whenthistakesplace, the linkednetworkbecomesapartof the 
Internet.
obj(take_place.@pred.@present,this)
obj(link.@pred,network.@def)
tim(become.@pred.@present.@entry,take_place.@pred.@present)
obj(become.@pred.@present.@entry,network.@def)
gol(become.@pred.@present.@entry,part.@indef)
mod(part.@indef,Internet.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-083)In1985, the NationalScienceFoundation(NSF)builtanetwork
whichlinksalluniversitysupercomputing centers, and connectedthis
networkwith the localnetworksofotherscienceandresearchinstitutions.
tim(build.@pred.@past,1985)
agt(build.@pred.@past,National_Science_Foundation.@def)
cnt(National_Science_Foundation.@def,())
cnt((),NSF)
obj(build.@pred.@past,network:01.@indef)
ins(link.@pred.@present,network:01.@indef)
aoj(supercomputing,center.@pl)
mod(center.@pl,university)
mod(center.@pl,all)
obj(link.@pred.@present,center.@pl)
and(connect.@pred.@past.@entry,build.@pred.@past)
agt(connect.@pred.@past.@entry,National_Science_Foundation.@def)
mod(network:02,this)
obj(connect.@pred.@past.@entry,network:02)
aoj(local,network:03.@pl.@def)
ptn(connect.@pred.@past.@entry,network:03.@pl.@def)
and:01(research.@sub,science)
mod(institution.@pl,S01)
mod(institution.@pl,other)
pos(network:03.@pl.@def,institution.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-084)Asitprovedextremelypopular,this NSC backbone in 1990replaced
 the initialnetworkwhichhadbeencreatedformilitarypurposes.
obj(prove.@pred.@past,it)
man(popular,extremely)
gol(prove.@pred.@past,popular)
mod(backbone,NSC)
mod(backbone,this)
man(prove.@pred.@past,as)
con(replace.@pred.@past.@entry,prove.@pred.@past)
agt(replace.@pred.@past.@entry,backbone)
tim(replace.@pred.@past.@entry,1990)
aoj(initial,network.@def)
obj(replace.@pred.@past.@entry,network.@def)
obj(create.@pred.@past.@complete,network.@def)
mod(purpose.@pl,military)
pur(create.@pred.@past.@complete,purpose.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-085)At the same time,asprivate-sector companies discovered new
applicationsfor the network,commercialuseof the Internetbeganto
increase.
aoj(private-sector,company.@pl)
agt(discover.@pred.@past,company.@pl)
aoj(new,application.@pl)
ben(application.@pl,network.@def)
obj(discover.@pred.@past,application.@pl)
man(discover.@pred.@past,as)
man(begin.@pred.@past.@entry,at_the_same_time)
con(begin.@pred.@past.@entry,discover.@pred.@past)
aoj(commercial,use)
obj(use,Internet.@def)
obj(begin.@pred.@past.@entry,use)
gol(begin.@pred.@past.@entry,increase.@pred)
obj(increase.@pred,use)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-086)Last year, NSF finally ceased operating the backbone network, and
 the provision of backbone services in the UnitedStates was entrusted to
 the seven companies.
aoj(last,year)
tim(cease.@pred.@past,year)
agt(cease.@pred.@past,NSF)
man(cease.@pred.@past,finally)
obj(cease.@pred.@past,operate.@pred)
agt(operate.@pred,NSF)
obj(operate.@pred,network.@def)
mod(network.@def,backbone:01)
mod(service.@pl,backbone:02)
ppl(service.@pl,United_States.@def)
obj(provision.@def,service.@pl)
obj(entrust.@pred.@past.@entry,provision.@def)
qua(company.@pl.@def,seven)
gol(entrust.@pred.@past.@entry,company.@pl.@def)
and(entrust.@pred.@past.@entry,cease.@pred.@past);?seq?
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-087)The results of surveys conducted by US survey companies Film/SVP
and Jupiter reveal that the number of US households with access to the
Internet has doubled over the past year to 14.7 million.
mod(result.@pl.@def,survey:01.@pl)
obj(conduct.@pred,survey:01.@pl)
mod(company.@pl,survey:02)
mod(company,US:01)
and(Jupiter,Film/SVP)
nam(company.@pl,Jupiter)
agt(conduct.@pred,company.pl)
cau(reveal.@pred.@present.@entry,result.@pl.@def)
mod(household.@pl,US:02)
mod(household.@pl,with);??"->"with"-obj
obj(with,access)
gol(access,Internet.@def)
mod(number.@def,household.@pl)
obj(double.@pred.@present.@complete,number.@def)
mod(year.@def,past)
dur(double.@pred.@present.@complete,year.@def)
gol(double.@pred.@present.@complete,"14.7_million")
obj(reveal.@pred.@present.@entry,double.@pred.@present.@complete)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-088)And the number of Internet access providers has exceeded the number
of commercial on-line services.
man(exceed.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,and)
mod(access,Internet)
mod(provider.@pl,access)
mod(number:01.@def,provider.@pl)
obj(exceed.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,number:01.@def)
bas(exceed.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,number:02.@def);??bas
mod(service.@pl,on-line)
aoj(commercial,service.@pl)
mod(number:02.@def,service.@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-089)As of September 1996, the number of Web users on the Internet stood
at 20 million a week, and the number of adult Americans who access the Web
everyday was approximately 9 million.
mod(September,1996);??Oneword??
tim(stand.@pred.@past,as_of)
obj(as_of,September);as_of
mod(user.@pl,Web:01)
lpl(user.@pl,Internet.@def)
mod(number:01.@def,user.@pl)
obj(stand.@pred.@past,number:01.@def)
lpl(stand.@pred.@past,20_million)
per(20_million,week.@indef)
mod(American.@pl,adult)
mod(number:02.@def,American.@pl)
agt(access.@pred.@present,American.@pl)
obj(access.@pred.@present,Web:02.@def)
man(access.@pred.@present,every_day)
man(9_million.@pred.@past.@entry,approximately)
aoj(9_million.@pred.@past.@entry,number:02.@def)
and(9_million.@pred.@past.@entry,stand.@pred.@past)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-090)The resultsofasurveyconductedayearearlierindicatedthat the 
numberofWebuserswas5.3milliononaweeklybasis,andthatdailyusers
stoodat2.3million.
mod(result.@pl.@def,survey.@indef)
obj(conduct.@pred,survey.@indef)
per(early,year.@indef);relation??
man(early,more)
man(conduct.@pred,early)
agt(indicate.@pred.@past.@entry,result.@pl.@def)
mod(user:01.@pl,Web)
mod(number.@def,user:01.@pl)
aoj(weekly,basis.@indef)
lpl("5.3_million".@pred.@past,basis.@indef)
aoj("5.3_million".@pred.@past,number.@def)
aoj(daily,user:02.@pl)
obj(stand.@pred.@past,user:02.@pl)
lpl(stand.@pred.@past,"2.3_million")
and(stand.@pred.@past,"5.3_million".@pred.@past)
obj(indicate.@pred.@past.@entry,stand.@pred.@past)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-091)The survey also revealed that some 6.2million households had
accessed the Internet over the last year.
cau(reveal.@pred.@past.@entry,survey.@def)
man(reveal.@pred.@past.@entry,also)
mod("6.2_million",some)
qua(household.@pl,"6.2_million")
agt(access.@pred.@past.@complete,household.@pl)
obj(access.@pred.@past.@complete,Internet.@def)
aoj(last,year.@def)
dur(access.@pred.@past.@complete,year.@def)
obj(reveal.@pred.@past.@entry,access.@pred.@past.@complete)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-092)Film/SVPalsoestimatesthatsome38.7millionpeopleaged18or
abovehaveenteredcyberspaceonatleastoneoccasion.
agt(estimate.@pred.@present.@entry,Film/SVP)
man(estimate.@pred.@present.@entry,also)
mod("38.7_million",some)
qua(people,"38.7_million")
or(above,18)
man(age.@pred,above)
obj(age,people)
agt(enter.@pred.@present.@complete,people)
obj(enter.@pred.@present.@complete,cyberspace)
mod(one,at_least)
qua(occasion,one)
lpl(enter.@pred.@present.@complete,occasion);tim??
obj(estimate.@pred.@present.@entry,enter.@pred.@present.@complete)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-093)Recently,anincreasingnumberofusershavebeenlinkingdirectly
to the Internet,withoutgoingthroughoneof the commercialon-line
>services.
tim(link.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,recently)
obj(increase.@pred,number.@indef)
qua(user.@pl,number.@indef)
agt(link.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,user.@pl)
man(link.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,directly)
gol(link.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,Internet.@def)
man(link.@pred.@present.@progress.@complete.@entry,without)
obj(without,go.@pred);relation??
lpl(go.@pred,through);through??
obj(through,service.@pl.def)
mod(service.@pl.def,on-line)
aoj(commercial,service.@pl.def)
mod(service.@pl.def,one_of)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-094)Internet access providers simply provide the means to allow the
user to hookup to the Internet.
mod(access,Internet:01)
mod(provider.@pl,access)
agt(provide.@pred.@present.@entry,provider.@pl)
man(provide.@pred.@present.@entry,simply)
obj(provide.@pred.@present.@entry,means.@def)
met(means.@def,allow.@pred)
obj(allow.@pred,user.@def)
gol(allow.@pred,hook_up.@pred)
gol(hook_up.@pred,user.@def)
gol(hook_up.@pred,Internet:02.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-095)Traditional on-line services such as VAN (short for Value Added
Network), on the other hand, now provide greater access and content
options, and more than half of Internet access by general households is
through these commercial on-line services.
aoj(on-line:01,service:01.@pl)
aoj(traditional,service:01.@pl)
mod(service:01.@pl,such_as)
obj(such_as,VAN)
cnt(VAN,short)
mod(short,Value_Added_Network);"for"??
agt(provide.@pred.@present,service:01.@pl)
man(provide.@pred.@present,on_the_other_hand)
tim(provide.@pred.@present,now)
man(great,more:01)
aoj(great,access:01)
mod(option.@pl,content)
and(option.@pl,access:01)
obj(provide.@pred.@present,option.@pl.@sub)
mod(much,more:02)
bas(much,half)
mod(access:02,Internet)
qua(access:02,much)
aoj(general,household.@pl)
agt(access:02,household.@pl)
aoj(through.@pred.@present.@entry,access:02)
aoj(on-line:02,service:02.@pl)
aoj(commercial,service:02.@pl)
mod(service:02.@pl,these)
obj(through.@pred.@present.@entry,service:02.@pl)
and(through.@pred.@present.@entry,provide.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-096)However, the number of users who access the Internet through
Internet access providers has more than tripled over the last year, from
the 1.4 million recorded in the last year's survey, to 4.4 million.
man(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,however)
mod(number.@def,user.@pl)
agt(access:01.@pred.@present,user.@pl)
obj(access:01.@pred.@present,Internet:01.@def)
mod(access:02,Internet:02)
mod(provider.@pl,access:02)
met(access:01.@pred.@present,through)
obj(through,provider.@pl)
man(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,more_than);more_than??
obj(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,number.@def)
aoj(last:01,year:01.@def)
dur(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,year:01.@def)
src(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,"1.4_million":01.@def)
obj(record.@pred,"1.4_million":01.@def)
aoj(last:02,year:02)
tim(survey.@def,year:02)
lpl(record.@pred,survey.@def)
gol(triple.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,"4.4_million")
[/S]
[S]
;(1-097)The number of users who access commercial on-line services rose
only 28 percent, to 8.9 million households, up from the 6.9 million
households recorded last year.
mod(number.@def,user.@pl)
agt(access.@pred.@present,user.@pl)
obj(access.@pred.@present,service.@pl)
aoj(on-line,service.@pl)
aoj(commercial,service.@pl)
obj(rise.@pred.@past.@entry,number.@def)
qua(percent,28)
mod(28,only)
man(rise.@pred.@past.@entry,percent)
qua(household:01.@pl,"8.9_million")
gol(rise.@pred.@past.@entry,household:01.@pl)
man(rise.@pred.@past.@entry,up)
qua(household:02.@pl.@def,"6.9_million":02)
obj(record.@pred,household:02.@pl.@def)
aoj(last,year)
tim(record.@pred,year)
src(rise.@pred.@past.@entry,household:02.@pl.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[S]
;(1-098)The situationissimilarinothernations,thoughwhathappensin
 the UnitedStatesdoesnotoccuruntillaterinothernations.
aoj(similar.@pred.@present,situation.@def)
mod(nation:01.@pl,other:01)
ppl(similar.@pred.@present,nation:01.@pl)
obj(happen.@pred.@present,what)
ppl(happen.@pred.@present,United_States.@def)
obj(occur.@pred.@present.@not.@entry,what)
tmt(occur.@pred.@present.@not.@entry,until);?"until"
obj(until,later)
mod(nation:02.@pl,other:02)
ppl(occur.@pred.@present.@not.@entry,nation:02.@pl)
and(occur.@pred.@present.@not.@entry,similar.@pred.@present)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-099)The number of so-called providers, who provides users with the
Internet access, is rapidly increasing in Japan and Europe, at a rate that
makes it difficult for survey companies to keep up-to-date information.
mod(provider.@pl,so-called)
mod(number.@def,provider.@pl)
agt(provide.@pred.@present,provider.@pl)
gol(provide.@pred.@present,user.@pl)
mod(access.@def,Internet)
obj(provide.@pred.@present,access.@def)
obj(increase.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,number.@def)
man(increase.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,rapidly)
and(Europe,Japan)
ppl(increase.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,Europe)
man(increase.@pred.@present.@progress.@entry,rate.@indef)
cau(make.@pred.@present,rate.@indef)
obj(make.@pred.@present,keep.@pred)
gol(make.@pred.@present,difficult)
mod(company.@pl,survey)
ben(difficult,company.@pl)
agt(keep.@pred,company.@pl)
aoj(difficult,keep.@pred)
aoj(up-to-date,information)
obj(keep.@pred,information)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-100)Accessing Internet has become so easy for general households, that
it has become common for people to use the Internet on a daily basis.
obj(access.@pred,Internet:01)
obj(become:01.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,access.@pred)
man(easy,so)
gol(become:01.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,easy)
aoj(general,household.@pl)
ben(easy,household.@pl)
pur(become:01.@pred.@present.@complete.@entry,
become:02.@pred.@present.@complete)
gol(become:02.@pred.@present.@complete,common)
ben(common,people)
obj(become:02.@pred.@present.@complete,use.@pred)
agt(use.@pred,people)
obj(use.@pred,Internet:02)
aoj(daily,basis.@indef)
man(use.@pred,basis.@indef)
[/S]
[S]
;(1-101)Traditionally,VANoperatorsandinformationserviceprovidershave
unilaterallyprovidedinformationtoselectedusers,butfreeingup the 
provisionof the seserviceson the Internetistantamounttomakingthem
available to anyone in the world.
man(provide.@pred.@present.@complete,traditionally)
mod(operator.@pl,VAN)
mod(service:01,information:01)
mod(provider.@pl,service:01)
and(provider.@pl,operator.@pl)
agt(provide.@pred.@present.@complete,provider.@pl)
man(provide.@pred.@present.@complete,unilaterally)
obj(provide.@pred.@present.@complete,information:02)
obj(select,user.@pl)
gol(provide.@pred.@present.@complete,user.@pl)
man(free.@pred,up)
obj(free.@pred,provision.@def)
mod(service:02.@pl,these)
obj(provision.@def,service:02.@pl)
lpl(provision.@def,Internet.def)
aoj(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,free.@pred)
bas(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,make.@pred)
obj(make.@pred,they)
gol(make.@pred,available)
aoj(available,they)
ben(available,anyone)
ppl(anyone,world.@def)
and(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,provide.@pred.@present.@complete)
man(tantamount.@pred.@present.@entry,but)
[/S]
[/P]
[/D]

;;file:Ch05Unl.txt,byUNL-Russia(Moscow)
[T]
;<0002-0118>
;CHAPTERV:THE SECURITY COUNCIL
mod(chapter,5)
smd(SecurityCouncil.@def.@entry.@title,chapter)
[/T]

[P]
[T]
[W]
;<0002-0119>
;Composition
composition.@entry.@title
[/W]
[/T]

[T]
;<0002-0120>
;Article23
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,23)
[/T]


[S]
;<0002-0121>
;1.The SecurityCouncilshallconsistoffifteenMembersof the United
Nations.
;Comment:Relation"subj"isedited.
smd(consist(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,"1.")
aoj(consist(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(consist(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,member(icl>country).@
pl)
qua(member(icl>country).@pl,15)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0122>
;The RepublicofChina,France, the UnionofSovietSocialistRepublics,
 the UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,and the United
StatesofAmericashallbepermanentmembersof the SecurityCouncil.

and:01(France(icl>country),RepublicofChina(icl>country).@def)
and:01(UnionofSovietSocialist
Republics(icl>country).@def,France(icl>country))
and:01(UnitedKingdom(icl>country).@def,UnionofSovietSocialist
Republics(icl>country).@def)
and:01(UnitedStatesofAmerica(icl>country).@def.@entry,United
Kingdom(icl>country).@def)
mod:01(UnitedKingdom(icl>country).@def,:02)
and:02(NorthernIreland(icl>country).@entry,GreatBritain(icl>country))
aoj(member(icl>country).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@pl,:01)
mod(member(icl>country).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@pl,permanent(icl>stat
e))
mod(member(icl>country).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@pl,Security
Council.@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0123>
;The GeneralAssemblyshallelecttenotherMembersof the UnitedNations
tobenon-permanentmembersof the SecurityCouncil,dueregardbeing
speciallypaid,in the firstinstanceto the contributionofMembersof the 
UnitedNationsto the maintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityand
to the otherpurposesof the Organization,andalsotoequitable
geographicaldistribution.

agt(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,General
Assembly(icl>meeting).@def)
obj(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,member(icl>country):01.@
>pl)
aoj(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@pl,member(icl>country):01.@pl)
con(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,pay(icl>event,obj>respect
).@pred.@present)
qua(member(icl>country):01.@pl,10)
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl,other:01)
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl,UnitedNations:01.@def)
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@pl,non-permanent(equ>temporary,icl>state))
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(pay(icl>event,obj>respect).@pred.@present,regard(equ>respect))
man(pay(icl>event,obj>respect).@pred.@present,specially(icl>manner))
gol(pay(icl>event,obj>respect).@pred.@present,:01)
mod(regard(equ>respect),due)
and:01(distribution(equ>allotment).@entry,contribution(icl>activity).@def)
mod:01(distribution(equ>allotment),equitable(equ>fair))
mod:01(distribution(equ>allotment),geographical(icl>state))
mod:01(distribution(equ>allotment),also)
mod:01(contribution(icl>activity).@def,member(icl>country):03.@pl)
mod:01(member(icl>country):03.@pl,UnitedNations:02.@def)
gol:01(contribution(icl>activity).@def,:03)
and:03(purpose.@def.@pl.@entry,maintenance.@def)
mod:01(contribution(icl>activity).@def,instance.@def)
mod:01(instance.@def,first)
mod:03(purpose.@def.@pl,other:02)
mod:03(purpose.@def.@pl,organization(icl>group).@def)
and:02(security(equ>safety).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod:03(:02,international)
obj:03(maintenance.@def,:02)
[/S]


[S]
;<0002-0124>
;2.The non-permanentmembersof the SecurityCouncilshallbeelectedfor
atermoftwoyears.

smd(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"2.")
obj(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,member(icl>count
ry).@pl.@def.@topic);sakai:member+@topic
mod(member(icl>country).@pl.@def.@topic,non-permanent(equ>temporary,icl>stat
e))
mod(member(icl>country).@pl.@def.@topic,SecurityCouncil.@def)
dur(elect(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,term(icl>period)
.@indef)
mod(term(icl>period),year(icl>time).@pl)
qua(year(icl>time).@pl,2)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0125>
;In the firstelectionof the non-permanentmembers after the increaseof
 the membershipof the SecurityCouncilfromeleventofifteen,twoof the 
fouradditionalmembersshallbechosenforatermofoneyear.

tim(choose(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,election.@def)
obj(choose(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,member(icl>coun
try):01.@pl.@topic);sakai:member:01+@topic
dur(choose(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,term(icl>period
).@indef)
mod(term(icl>period).@indef,year(icl>time))
qua(year(icl>time),1)
mod(election.@def,first)
mod(election.@def,after)
mod(election.@def,member(icl>country):02.@pl.@def)
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pl.@def,non-permanent(equ>temporary,icl>state))
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@topic,additional)
qua(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@topic,2)
pof(2,4)
obj(after,increase(ant>decrease,icl>event).@def)
src(increase(ant>decrease,icl>event).@def,11)
gol(increase(ant>decrease,icl>event).@def,15)
obj(increase(ant>decrease,icl>event).@def,membership(icl>number).@def)
mod(membership(icl>number).@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]


[S]
;<0002-0126>
;Aretiringmembershallnotbeeligibleforimmediatere-election.

aoj(eligible.@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present.@not,member(icl>country)
.@pl.@def)
obj(eligible.@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present.@not,re-election)
mod(re-election,immediate)
agt(retire(icl>event).@pred,member(icl>country).@pl.@def)
[/S]


[S]
;<0002-0127>
;3.Eachmemberof the SecurityCouncilshallhaveonerepresentative.

smd(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"3.")
aoj(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,member(
icl>country))
obj(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,represe
ntative(aoj>entity,lpl>group))
mod(member(icl>country),each)
mod(member(icl>country),SecurityCouncil.@def)
qua(representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group),1)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0128>FUNCTIONSANDPOWERS
and(power(equ>authority).@entry.@title.@pl,function(icl>thing).@pl)
[/T]

[T]
;<0002-0129>
;Article24
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,24)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0130>
;1.In order to ensure prompt and effective action by the United Nations,
its Members confer on the Security Council primary responsibility for the 
maintenance of international peace and security, and agree that in carrying
out its duties under this responsibility the Security Council acts on their
behalf.

smd(:01.@entry,"1.")
and:01(agree(equ>concur,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present,confer(icl>event).
@pred.@present)
obj:01(agree(equ>concur,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present,act(icl>event).@pr
ed.@present)
pur(:01.@entry,ensure(icl>event).@pred)
agt(:01.@entry,member(icl>country).@pl)
obj:01(confer(icl>event).@pred.@present,responsibility(icl>burden):01)
gol:01(confer(icl>event).@pred.@present,SecurityCouncil:01.@def)
obj(ensure(icl>event).@pred,action)
mod(action,:02)
agt(action,UnitedNations.@def)
and:02(effective(equ>valid).@entry,prompt)
pof(member(icl>country).@pl,it:01)
mod:01(responsibility(icl>burden):01,primary)
obj:01(responsibility(icl>burden):01,maintenance.@def)
obj:01(maintenance.@def,:03)
and:03(security(equ>safety).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod:01(:03,international)
obj:01(carryout.@pred.@present,duty.@pl)
man:01(carryout.@pred.@present,under(icl>state))
mod:01(duty.@pl,it:02)
obj:01(under(icl>state),responsibility(icl>burden):02)
mod:01(responsibility:02(icl>burden),this)
agt:01(act(icl>event).@pred.@present,SecurityCouncil:02.@def)
tim:01(act(icl>event).@pred.@present,carryout.@pred.@present)
man:01(act(icl>event).@pred.@present,behalf(equ>onaperson*sbehalf))
mod:01(behalf(equ>onaperson*sbehalf),they)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0131>
;2.In discharging these duties the Security Councilshall act in
accordance with the Purposes and Principles of the United Nations.

smd(act(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"2.")
agt(act(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Security
Council.@def)
man(act(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,accordance)
obj(accordance,:01)
and:01(principle.@pl.@entry,purpose.@def.@pl)
mod(:01,UnitedNations.@def)
tim(act(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,discharge(icl>even
t))
obj(discharge(icl>event),duty.@pl)
mod(duty.@pl,these)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0132>
;The specificpowersgrantedto the SecurityCouncilfor the dischargeof
theseduties are laiddowninChaptersVI,VII,VIII,andXII.

lpl(laydown(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,chapter.@pl)
obj(laydown(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,power(equ>authority).@pl.@def)
mod(chapter.@pl,12)
and(12,8)
and(8,7)
and(7,6)
mod(power(equ>authority).@pl.@def,specific)
obj(grant(icl>event).@pred,power(equ>authority).@pl.@def)
gol(grant(icl>event).@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
pur(grant(icl>event).@pred,discharge(icl>event).@pl.@def)
obj(discharge(icl>event).@pl.@def,duty.@pl)
mod(duty.@pl,these)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0133>
;3.The SecurityCouncilshallsubmitannualand,whennecessary,special
reportsto the GeneralAssemblyforitsconsideration.

smd(submit(fld>law,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"3.")
agt(submit(fld>law,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Securit
yCouncil.@def)
pur(submit(fld>law,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,conside
ration(fld>law))
mod(consideration(fld>law),it)
obj(submit(fld>law,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,report(
equ>officialreport,icl>statement).@pl)
gol(submit(fld>law,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,General
Assembly.@pl)
mod(report(equ>officialreport,icl>statement).@pl,:01)
and:01(special(equ>peculiar).@entry,annual(icl>publication))
tim:01(special(equ>peculiar).@entry,necessary(icl>state))
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0134>
;Article25
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,25)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0135>
;The Membersof the UnitedNationsagreetoacceptandcarryout the 
decisionsof the SecurityCouncilinaccordancewith the presentCharter.

mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
agt(agree(equ>concur,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present,member(icl>country).@
pl)
obj(agree(equ>concur,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present,:01)
and:01(carryout.@pred.@entry,accept(icl>event).@pred)
obj(:01,decision(equ>resolution).@pl.@def)
mod(decision(equ>resolution).@pl.@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
man(:01,accordance)
obj(accordance,charter(icl>declaration).@pl.@def)
mod(charter(icl>declaration).@pl.@def,present(icl>state))
[/S]
[/P]
[P]

[T]
;<0002-0136>
;Article26
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,26)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0137>
;Inordertopromote the establishmentandmaintenanceofinternational
peaceandsecuritywith the leastdiversionfor armaments of the world's
humanandeconomicresources, the SecurityCouncilshallberesponsiblefor
formulating,with the assistanceof the Military Staff Committeereferred
toinArticle47,planstobesubmittedtotheMembersof the United
Nationsfor the establishmentofasystemfor the regulationof armaments.

pur(responsible(icl>state).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,promote(ic
l>event).@pred)
aoj(responsible(icl>state).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Security
Council.@def))
obj(responsible(icl>state).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,formulate(
icl>event).@pred.@present)
obj(formulate(icl>event).@pred.@present,plan.@pl)
obj(promote(icl>event).@pred,:01)
and:01(maintenance.@entry,establishment:01.@def)
mod(:01,:02)
and:02(security(equ>safety).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod(:02,international)
man(promote(icl>event).@pred,diversion.@def)
mod(diversion.@def,least(ant>most))
ben(diversion,armament:01.@pl)
obj(diversion,resource.@pl.@def)
pos(resource.@pl.@def,world)
mod(resource.@pl.@def,:03)
and:03(economic(icl>state).@entry,human(icl>human))
man(formulate(icl>event).@pred.@present,assistance.@def)
agt(assistance.@def,MilitaryStaffCommittee(obj>organization).@def)
obj(refer(icl>event).@pred,MilitaryStaffCommittee(obj>organization).@def)
lpl(refer(icl>event).@pred,article(equ>clause))
mod(article(equ>clause),47)
gol(submit(gol>human,obj>document).@pred.@obligation,member(icl>country).@de
f.@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(submit(gol>human,obj>document).@pred.@obligation,plan.@pl)
pur(submit(gol>human,obj>document).@pred.@obligation,establishment:02.@pl)
obj(establishment:02.@pl,system.@indef)
pur(system.@indef,regulation.@def)
obj(regulation.@def,armament:02.@pl)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
[W]
;<0002-0138>
;VOTING
voting(icl>action).@title.@entry
[/W]
[/T]
[T]
;<0002-0139>
;Article27
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,27)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0140>
;1.Eachmemberof the SecurityCouncilshallhaveonevote.

smd(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"1.")
mod(member(icl>country),SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(member(icl>country),each)
aoj(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,member(
icl>country))
obj(have(agt>human,icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,vote(ic
l>suffrage))
qua(vote(icl>suffrage),1)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0141>
;2.Decisionsof the SecurityCouncilonproceduralmattersshallbemade
byanaffirmativevoteofninemembers.

smd(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"2.")
mod(decision(equ>resolution).@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def.@topic);sakai:
decision+@topic
obj(decision(equ>resolution).@pl,matter.@pl.@topic)
mod(matter.@pl,procedural(aoj>matter))
obj(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,decision(equ>reso
lution).@pl.@topic)
met(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred,vote(icl>suffrage).@)indef
mod(vote(icl>suffrage).@indef,affirmative(ant>negative,icl>state))
mod(vote(icl>suffrage),member(icl>country).@pl)
qua(member(icl>country).@pl,9)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0142>
;3.Decisionsof the SecurityCouncilonallothermattersshallbemadeby
anaffirmativevoteofninemembersincluding the concurringvotesof the 
permanentmembers;providedthat,indecisionsunderChapterVI,andunder
paragraph3ofArticle52,apartytoadisputeshallabstainfromvoting.

smd(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"3.")
mod(decision(equ>resolution):01.@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(decision(equ>resolution):01.@pl,matter.@pl)
mod(matter.@pl,all)
mod(matter.@pl,other)
obj(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,decision(equ>reso
lution):01.@pl)
met(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,vote(icl>suffrage
):01.@indef)
mod(vote(icl>suffrage):01.@indef,affirmative(ant>negative,icl>state))
mod(vote(icl>suffrage):01.@indef,member(icl>country):01.@pl)
qua(member(icl>country):01.@pl,9)
aoj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,vote(icl>suffrage):01.@indef)
obj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,vote(icl>suffrage):02.@pl.@def)
mod(vote(icl>suffrage):02.@pl.@def,concur(equ>agree).@pred)
mod(vote(icl>suffrage):02.@pl.@def,member(icl>country):02.@pl.@def)
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pl.@def,permanent(icl>state))
con(make(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,provide.@pred)
obj(provide.@pred,abstain(obj>voting).@pred.@present.@obligatory)
obj(abstain(obj>voting).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,vote(icl>event):03.@
pred)
agt(abstain(obj>voting).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,party(equ>participan
t).@indef)
man(abstain(obj>voting).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,in)
obj(in,decision(equ>resolution):02.@pl)
obj(party(equ>participant).@indef,dispute(equ>argue).@indef)
mod(decision(equ>resolution):02.@pl,under(icl>state):02)
and(under(icl>state):02,under(icl>state):01)
obj(under(icl>state):01,chapter)
mod(chapter,6)
obj(under(icl>state):02,paragraph(icl>article))
mod(paragraph(icl>article),3)
pof(article(equ>clause),paragraph(icl>article))
mod(article(equ>clause),52)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
[W]
;<0002-0143>
;PROCEDURE
procedure(equ>process).@title.@entry
[/W]
[/T]

[T]
;<0002-0144>
;Article28
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,28)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0145>
;1.The SecurityCouncilshallbesoorganizedastobeabletofunction
continuously.

smd(organize(obj>group).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,"1.")
obj(organize(obj>group).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,Security
Council.@def)
man(organize(obj>group).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,so(equ>theref
ore))
pur(organize(obj>group).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,function(icl>
event).@pred.@present.@ability)
man(function(icl>event).@pred.@present.@ability,continuously(icl>manner))
agt(function(icl>event).@pred.@present.@ability,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0146>
;Eachmemberof the SecurityCouncilshallforthispurposeberepresented
atalltimesat the seatof the Organization.

mod(member(icl>country),SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(member(icl>country),each)
obj(represent(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,member(icl>c
ountry))
pur(represent(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,purpose)
mod(purpose,this)
tim(represent(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,time.@pl)
mod(time.@pl,all)
ppl(represent(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation.@present,seat.@def)
mod(seat.@def,organization(icl>group).@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0147>
;2.The SecurityCouncilshallholdperiodicmeetingsatwhicheachofits
membersmay,ifitsodesires,berepresentedbyamemberof the government
orbysomeotherspeciallydesignatedrepresentative.

smd(hold(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,"2.")
agt(hold(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Security
Council.@def)
obj(hold(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,meeting(equ>assem
bly).@pl)
mod(meeting(equ>assembly).@pl,periodic(icl>state))
lpl(represent(icl>event).@pred.@may,meeting(equ>assembly).@pl)
con(represent(icl>event).@pred.@may,desire(icl>event).@pred.@present)
man(desire(icl>event).@pred.@present,if)
obj(represent(icl>event).@pred.@may,member(icl>country):01.@pl)
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl,each)
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl,it:01)
agt(represent(icl>event).@pred.@present.@may,representative(aoj>entity,lpl>g
roup))
or(representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group),member(icl>human):02.@indef)
man(desire(icl>event).@pred.@present,so)
agt(desire(icl>event).@pred.@present,it:02)
mod(member(icl>human):02.@indef,government.@def)
obj(designate.@pred,representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group))
mod(representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group),some)
mod(representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group),other)
man(designate.@pred,specially(icl>manner))
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0148>
;3.The SecurityCouncilmayholdmeetingsatsuchplacesotherthan the 
seatof the Organizationasinitsjudgmentwillbestfacilitateitswork.

agt(hold(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,"3.")
agt(hold(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(hold(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,meeting(equ>assembly).@pl)
ppl(hold(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,place.@pl)
mod(place.@pl,such)
mod(place.@pl,other)
bas(other,seat.@def)
mod(seat.@def,organization(icl>group).@def)
cau(facilitate(icl>event).@pred.@present,place.@pl)
man(facilitate(icl>event).@pred.@present,best(icl>manner))
obj(facilitate(icl>event).@pred.@present,work(icl>event))
mod(work(icl>event),it:02)
man(facilitate(icl>event).@pred,judgment(equ>opinion))
mod(judgment(equ>opinion),it:01)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0149>
;Article29
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,29)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0150>
;The SecurityCouncilmayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeems
necessaryfor the performanceofitsfunctions.

agt(establish(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(establish(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,organ(icl>organization).@pl)
mod(organ(icl>organization).@pl,such)
mod(organ(icl>organization).@pl,subsidiary(icl>state))
obj(deem(icl>state).@pred.@present,organ(icl>organization).@pl)
gol(deem(icl>state).@pred.@present,necessary(icl>state))
obj(necessary(icl>state),performance(equ>carryingout).@def)
obj(performance(equ>carryingout).@def,function(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(function(icl>thing).@pl,it)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0151>
;Article30
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,30)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0152>
;The SecurityCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure,including the 
methodofselectingitsPresident.

agt(adopt(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Security
Council.@def)
obj(adopt(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred@present,rule(icl>regulati
on).@pl)
mod(rule(icl>regulation).@pl,it:01)
mod(rule(icl>regulation).@pl,own)
mod(rule(icl>regulation).@pl,procedure(equ>process))
aoj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,rule(icl>regulation).@pl)
obj(include(ant>exclude,icl>event).@pred,method(icl>order).@def)
mod(method(icl>order).@def,select(icl>event).@pred)
obj(select(icl>event).@pred,president(equ>chairman))
mod(president(equ>chairman),it:02)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0153>
;Article31
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,31)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0154>
;Any Member of the United Nations which is not a member of the Security
Council may participate, without vote, in the discussion of any question
brought before the Security Councilwhenever the latterconsidersthat the 
interestsofthatMember are specially affected.

mod(member(icl>country):01,any:01)
mod(member(icl>country):01,UnitedNations:01.@def)
aoj(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@indef.
>@present.@not,member(icl>country):01)
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@indef.@present.@not,Security
>Council:01.@pl)
agt(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,member(icl>country):01)
obj(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,discussion.@def)
obj(discussion.@def,question)
mod(question,any:02)
obj(bring(icl>event).@pred,question)
gol(bring(icl>event).@pred,before)
obj(before,SecurityCouncil:02.@def)
man(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,without)
obj(without,vote(icl>suffrage))
man(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,whenever(icl>manner))
tim(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,consider(icl>event).@pred.@pres
ent)
agt(consider(icl>event).@pred.@present,latter.@def)
obj(consider(icl>event).@pred.@present,affect(icl>event).@pred.@present)
mod(interest.@pl.@def,member(icl>country):03)
mod(member(icl>country):03,that:02)
obj(affect(icl>event).@pred.@present,interest.@pl.@def)
man(affect(icl>event).@pred.@present,specially(icl>manner))
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0155>
;Article32
mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,32)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0156>
;AnyMemberof the UnitedNationswhichisnotamemberof the Security
CounciloranystatewhichisnotaMemberof the UnitedNations,ifitis
apartytoadisputeunderconsiderationby the SecurityCouncil,shallbe
invitedtoparticipate,withoutvote,in the discussionrelatingto the 
dispute.

gol(invite(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation,participate(icl>event).@
pred)
obj(invite(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation,state(icl>country))
con(invite(icl>event).@pred.@entry.shall@obligation,party(equ>participant).@
pred.@indef)
man(party(equ>participant).@pred.@indef,if)
aoj(party(equ>participant).@pred.@indef,it)
obj(party(equ>participant).@pred.@indef,dispute(equ>argue):01.@indef)
mod(dispute(equ>argue):01.@def,under(icl>state))
obj(under(icl>state),consideration)
agt(consideration,SecurityCouncil:02.@def)
mod(state(icl>country),any:02)
aoj(member(icl>country):03.@pred.@indef.@present.@not,state(icl>country))
mod(member(icl>country):03.@pred.@indef.@present.@not,United
Nations:02.@def)
or(state(icl>country),member(icl>country):01)
mod(member(icl>country):01,any:01)
mod(member(icl>country):01,UnitedNations:01.@def)
aoj(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@indef.@present.@not,member(icl>country):
01)
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pred.@indef.@present.@not,Security
Council:01.@def)
obj(participate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@may,discussion.@def)
mod(discussion.@def,relate.@pred)
man(participate(icl>event).@pred,without)
obj(without,vote(icl>suffrage))
obj(relate.@pred,dispute(equ>argue):02.@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0157>
;The SecurityCouncilshalllaydownsuchconditionsasitdeemsjustfor
 the participationofastatewhichisnotaMemberof the UnitedNations.

agt(laydown(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,Security
Council.@def)
obj(lay
down(icl>event).@entry.shall@obligation.@pred.@present,condition(equ>circums
tances).@pl)
mod(condition(equ>circumstances).@pl,such)
obj(deem(icl>event).@pred.@present,condition(equ>circumstances).@pl)
gol(deem(icl>event).@pred.@present,just(icl>state))
obj(just(icl>state),participation(equ>takingpartin).@def)
agt(participation(equ>takingpartin).@def,state(icl>country).@indef)
aoj(member(icl>country).@pred.@indef.@not.@present,state(icl>country).@ind
ef)
mod(member(icl>country).@pred.@indef.@not.@present,UnitedNations.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch06Unl.txt,byUNL-Russia(Star)
[T]
;<0002-0158>
;CHAPTERVI:PACIFICSETTLEMENTOFDISPUTES
mod(chapter,6)
mod(settlement.@title.@entry,pacific)
obj(settlement.@title.@entry,dispute.@pl)
smd(settlement.@title.@entry,chapter)
[/T]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0159>
;Article33
mod(article.@title.@entry,33)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0160>
;1.The parties to any dispute, the continuance of which is likely to
;endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, shall,
;first of all, seek a solution by negotiation, enquiry, mediation,
;conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional
;agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice.
smd(seek.shall@obligation.@entry,"1.")
agt(seek.shall@obligation.@entry,party.@def.@pl)
obj(seek.shall@obligation.@entry,solution.@indef)
met(solution.@indef,:01)
or:01(means.@entry,resort)
or:01(resort,settlement)
or:01(settlement,arbitration)
or:01(arbitration,conciliation)
or:01(conciliation,meditation)
or:01(meditation,enquiry)
or:01(enquiry,negotiation)
mod:01(settlement,judicial)
or:08(arrangement.@pl.@entry,agency.@pl)
gol:01(resort,:08)
mod:01(:08,regional)
mod:01(means,peaceful)
mod:01(means,other)
obj:01(choice,means)
agt:01(choice,they)
man:01(choice,own)
mod(party.@def.@pl,dispute)
mod(dispute,any)
cau(endanger.could@possibility,continuance.@def)
obj(endanger.could@possibility,maintenance.@def)
and:09(security.@entry,peace)
mod(:09,international)
obj(maintenance.@def,:09)
mod(continuance.@def,dispute)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0161>
;2.The Security Council shall,when it deems necessary,call upon
 the parties to settle their dispute by such means.
smd(callupon.shall@insistence.@entry,"2.")
agt(callupon.shall@insistence.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(callupon.shall@insistence.@entry,party.@pl)
pur(callupon.shall@insistence.@entry,settle)
tim(callupon.shall@insistence.@entry,deem.@present)
obj(settle,dispute)
mod(dispute,they)
met(settle,means)
mod(means,such)
agt(deem.@present,it)
obj(deem.@present,necessary)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0162>
;Article34
mod(article.@title.@entry,34)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0163>
;The SecurityCouncilmayinvestigateanydispute,oranysituation
;whichmightleadtointernationalfrictionorgiverisetoadispute,
;inordertodeterminewhether the continuanceof the dispute or
;situationislikelytoendanger the maintenanceofinternational
;peaceandsecurity.
agt(investigate.@may.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(investigate.@may.@entry,:01)
pur(investigate.@may.@entry,determine.@pred)
obj(determine.@pred,whether)			;zhuadded"whether"
cnt(whether,endanger.could@possibility.@interrogation)
obj(endanger.could@possibility.@interrogation,maintenance.@def)
cau(endanger.could@possibility.@interrogation,continuance.@def)
obj(continuance.@def,:02.@def)
or:02(situation:02.@entry,dispute:02)
and:03(security.@entry,peace)
mod(:03,international:02)
obj(maintenance.@def,:03)
or:01(situation:01.@entry,dispute:01)
mod:01(situation:01,any:01)
mod:01(dispute:01,any:02)
or:04(giverise.might@may.@pred.@entry,lead.might@may.@pred)
cau(:04,:01)
gol:04(lead.might@may.@pred,friction)
mod:04(friction,international:01)
obj:04(giverise.@pred.@entry,dispute:03.@indef)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0164>
;Article35
mod(article.@title.@entry,35)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0165>
;1.AnyMemberof the UnitedNationsmaybringanydispute,orany
;situationof the naturereferredtoinArticle34,to the attention
;of the SecurityCouncilorof the GeneralAssembly.
smd(bring.@may.@entry,"1.")
agt(bring.@may.@entry,member)
obj(bring.@may.@entry,:01)
gol(bring.@may.@entry,attention.@def)
mod(member,UnitedNations.@def)
mod(member,any:01)
or:01(situation.@entry,dispute)
mod:01(dispute,any:02)
mod:01(situation.@entry,any:03)
mod:01(situation.@entry,nature.@def)
mod:01(nature.@def,refer)
lpl:01(refer,article)
mod:01(article,"34")
or:02(GeneralAssembly.@def.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(attention.@def,:02)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0166>
;2.AstatewhichisnotaMemberof the UnitedNationsmaybringto
; the attentionof the SecurityCouncilorof the GeneralAssemblyany
;disputetowhichitisapartyifitaccepts in advance, for the 
;purposesof the dispute, the obligationsofpacificsettlement
;providedin the presentCharter.
smd(bring.@pred.@may.@entry,"2.")
agt(bring.@pred.@may.@entry,state.@indef)
obj(bring.@pred.@may.@entry,dispute:01)
gol(bring.@pred.@may.@entry,attention.@def)
con(bring.@pred.@may.@entry,accept)
aoj(member.@pred.@indef.@not,state.@indef)
mod(member.@pred.@indef.@not,UnitedNations.@def)
or:01(GeneralAssembly.@def.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(attention.@def,:01)
mod(dispute:01,any)
aoj(party.@indef.@pred,it:01)
mod(party.@indef.@pred,dispute:01)
agt(accept.@pred,it:02)
man(accept.@pred,inadvance)
cau(accept.@pred,purpose.@def.@pl)
mod(purpose.@def.@pl,dispute:02.@def)
obj(accept.@pred,obligation.@def.@pl)
mod(obligation.@def.@pl,settlement)
mod(settlement,pacific)
obj(provide.@pred,obligation.@def.@pl)
lpl(provide.@pred,chapter)
mod(chapter,present)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0167>
;3.The proceedingsof the GeneralAssemblyinrespectofmatters
;broughttoitsattentionunderthisArticlewillbesubjectto the 
;provisionsof Articles 11 and 12.
smd(subject.@pred.will@inevitability.@entry,"3.")
aoj(subject.@pred.will@inevitability.@entry,proceeding.@pl.@def)
gol(subject.@pred.will@inevitability.@entry,provision.@pl.@def)
mod(proceeding.@pl.@def,GeneralAssembly.@def)
mod(proceeding.@pl.@def,inrespectof)
obj(inrespectof,matter.@pl)
obj(bring.@pred,matter.@pl)
gol(bring.@pred,attention)
mod(attention,it)
man(bring.@pred,under)
obj(under,article:01)
mod(article:01,this)
mod(provision.@pl.@def,article:02.@pl)
and:01("12".@entry,"11")
mod(article:02.@pl,:01)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0168>
;Article36
mod(article.@title.@entry,36)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0169>
;1.The SecurityCouncilmay,atanystageofadisputeof the nature
;referredtoinArticle33orofasituationoflikenature,recommend
;appropriateproceduresormethodsofadjustment.
smd(recommend.@may.@entry.@pred,"1.")
agt(recommend.@may.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(recommend.@may.@entry.@pred,:01)
lpl(recommend.@may.@entry.@pred,stage)
or:01(method.@pl.@entry,procedure.@pl)
mod(:01,appropriate)
mod(:01,adjustment)
mod(stage,any)
mod(stage,:02)
or:02(situation.@indef.@entry,dispute.@indef)
mod:02(dispute.@indef,nature:01.@def)
obj:02(refer.@pred,nature:01.@def)
lpl:02(refer.@pred,article)
mod:02(article,33)
mod:02(situation.@indef,nature:02)
mod:02(nature:02,like)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0170>
;2.The SecurityCouncilshouldtakeintoconsiderationany
;proceduresfor the settlementof the disputewhichhavealreadybeen
;adoptedby the parties.
smd(take.@should.@entry.@pred,"2.")
agt(take.@should.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
gol(take.@should.@entry.@pred,consideration)	
obj(take.@should.@entry.@pred,procedure.@pl)
mod(procedure.@pl,any)
pur(procedure.@pl,settlement.@def)
obj(settlement.@def,dispute.@def)
obj(adopt.@complete.@past.@pred,procedure.@pl)
agt(adopt.@complete.@past.@pred,party.@pl.@def)
man(adopt.@complete.@past.@pred,already)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0171>
;3.InmakingrecommendationsunderthisArticle the SecurityCouncil
;shouldalsotakeintoconsiderationthatlegaldisputesshouldasa
;generalrulebereferredby the partiesto the InternationalCourtof
;Justiceinaccordancewith the provisionsof the Statuteof the Court.
smd(take.@should.@entry.@pred,"3.")
agt(take.@should.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
gol(take.@should.@entry.@pred,consideration)
;;zhu:bettertouse"takeintoconsideration"??
obj(take.@should.@entry.@pred,refer.@should.@pred)
lpl(take.@should.@entry.@pred,make.@pred)
obj(make.@pred,recommendation.@pl)
;mod(recommendation.@pl,under)	;zhuchangedasfollows
man(make.@pred,under)
obj(under,article)	;zhu:or"mod",like:
;mod(under,article)	
mod(article,this)
agt(refer.@should.@pred,party.@def.@pl)
obj(refer.@should.@pred,dispute.@pl)
gol(refer.@should.@pred,InternationalCourtofJustice.@def)
man(refer.@should.@pred,inaccordancewith)
man(refer.@should.@pred,as)
mod(dispute.@pl,legal)
obj(as,rule.@indef)
mod(rule.@indef,general)
obj(inaccordancewith,provision.@pl.@def)
mod(provision.@pl.@def,statute.@def)
mod(statute.@def.@maiuscul,court.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0172>
;Article37
mod(article.@title.@entry,37)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0173>
;1.Should the partiestoadisputeof the naturereferredtoin
;Article33failtosettleitby the meansindicatedinthatArticle,
;theyshallreferitto the SecurityCouncil.
smd(refer:02.shall@insistence.@entry,"2.")
agt(refer:02.shall@insistence.@entry,they)
obj(refer:02.shall@insistence.@entry,it:01)
gol(refer:02.shall@insistence.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
con(refer:02.shall@insistence.@entry,fail.@pred)
agt(fail.@pred,party.@pl)
obj(fail.@pred,settle.@pred)
mod(party.@pl,dispute.@indef)
mod(dispute.@indef,nature.@def)
obj(refer:01.@pred,nature.@def)
lpl(refer:01.@pred,article:01)
mod(article:01,33)
obj(settle.@pred,it:02)
met(settle.@pred,means.@def)
obj(indicate.@pred,means.@def)
lpl(indicate.@pred,article:02)
mod(article:02,that)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0174>
;2.If the Security Council deems that the continuance of the dispute
;is in fact likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace
;and security, it shall decide whether to take action under Article 36
;or to recommend such terms of settlement as it may consider appropriate.
smd(decide.shall@insistence.@pred.@entry,"2.")
agt(decide.shall@insistence.@pred.@entry,it:01)
;;zhuit->SecurityCouncil.@def
obj(decide.shall@insistence.@pred.@entry,:01.@interrogation)
con(decide.shall@insistence.@pred.@entry,deem.@pred.@if)
or:01(recommend.@pred.@entry,take.@pred)
obj:01(take.@pred,action)
mod:01(action,under)
obj:01(under,article)	;zhu:or"mod"??
mod:01(article,36)
obj:01(recommend.@pred.@entry,term.@pl)
mod:01(term.@pl,such)
mod:01(term.@pl,settlement)
mod:01(term.@pl,consider.@may.@pred)
agt:01(consider.@may.@pred,it:02)	;zhuit->SecurityCouncil.@def
obj:01(consider.@may.@pred,appropriate)
agt(deem.@pred.@if,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(deem.@pred.@if,endanger.@possibility.@pred)
man(endanger.@possibility.@pred,infact)
mod(continuance.@def,dispute.@def)
cau(endanger.@possibility.@pred,continuance.@def)
obj(endanger.@possibility.@pred,maintenance.@def)
and:02(security.@entry,peace)
obj(maintenance.@def,:02)
mod(:02,international)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0175>
;Article38
mod(article.@title.@entry,38)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0176>
;Withoutprejudiceto the provisionsof Articles 33 to 37, the 
;SecurityCouncilmay,ifall the partiestoanydisputesorequest,
;makerecommendationsto the partieswithaviewtoapacific
;settlementof the dispute.
agt(make.@may.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(make.@may.@entry.@pred,recommendation.@pl)
gol(make.@may.@entry.@pred,party:01.@pl.@def)
pur(make.@may.@entry.@pred,settlement.@indef)
con(make.@may.@entry.@pred,request.@pred)
man(make.@may.@entry.@pred,without)
mod(settlement.@indef,pacific)
obj(settlement.@indef,dispute:01.@def)
agt(request.@pred,party:02.@pl.@def)
mod(party:02.@pl.@def,all)
mod(party:02.@pl.@def,dispute:02)
man(request.@pred,so)
obj(without,prejudice)
gol(prejudice,provision.@pl)
mod(provision.@pl,article.@pl)
fmt:01(37.@entry,33)
mod(article.@pl,:01)
[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch07Unl.txt,byUNL-Germany
;UNLRepresentations,UNChartaChapterVIIbyIAI(Germany)
;Versionof20.Oct.1997
;Author:RitaNuebel

;;Comments by UNL Center:	97/12/10
;;	reversed the order of the two UWs of "pof", "and", "or"
;;	unified the UW "member" to "member(icl>country)"
;;	added some [P]-[/P]
;;	changed Roman numerals to Arabic numerals
;;	reversed the order of the two UWs of same "and",
;;		UNL of "A, B and C "should be and(C,B)/and(B,A)
;;		if it is a scope, "C" should be the @entry node
;;	please see comments


[T]
;<0002-0177>
;CHAPTERVII:ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE
PEACE, AND ACTS OF AGGRESSION

mod(chapter,7)
smd(action(fld>law).@entry.@title,chapter)
man(action(fld>law).@entry.@title,withrespectto)
obj(withrespectto,:01)
obj:01(threat.@pl,peace(icl>state).@def:03)
and:01(breach(icl>event).@pl,threat.@pl)
and:01(act(equ>deed).@entry.@pl,breach(icl>event).@pl)
mod:01(act(equ>deed).@entry.@pl,aggression)
obj:01(breach(icl>event).@pl,peace(icl>state).@def:02)
[/T]

[T]
;<002-0178>Article39
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,39)
;revised according to UNU-comments (101097,rn)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0179>
;The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the 
peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make
recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken in accordance with
Articles 41 and 42, to mainain or restore international peace and security.

and:03(breach(icl>event).@entry,threat)	;zhuadded"@entry"
and:01(:02.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@pred.@shall@obligation)
or:02(decide(icl>event).entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
make(icl>event).@pred.@shall@obligation)
agt(:01.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod:04(act(icl>event).@entry,aggression);zhuadded"@entry"
obj:03(threat,peace(icl>state).@def:08)
obj:03(breach(icl>event).@entry,peace(icl>state).@def:07)
or:04(act(icl>event).@entry,:03)
obj(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
existence)
obj:02(decide(icl>event).@ntry.@pred.@shall.@obligation,
take.@pred.@shall@obligation)
mod(existence,:04)
obj:02(make(icl>event).@pred.@shall@obligation,recommendation.@pl)
mod:02(take.@pred.@shall@obligation,inaccordancewith)
obj:02(take.@pred.@shall@obligation,measure.@pl)
mod:02(measure.@pl,what(aoj>matter))
obj:02(inaccordancewith,article(equ>clause).@pl)
and:05(42.@entry,41)
smd(article.@pl,:05)
pur:02(:01,:06.@entry.@pred)
or:06(restore.@entry.@pred,maintain(obj>entity).@pred)
obj:02(:06,:07)
and:07(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod:02(:07,international)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0180>Article40
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,40)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0181>
;In order to prevent an aggravation of the situation, the Security Council
may, before making the recommendations or deciding upon the measures
provided for in Article 39, call upon the parties concerned to comply with
such provisional measures as it deems necessary or desirable.

agt(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil)
gol(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,party.@def.@pl)
pur(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,prevent.@pred)
obj(prevent.@pred,aggravation)
tim(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,before(icl>manner))
obj(before(icl>manner),:01)
or:01(make.@pred,decideupon.@entry.@pred)
obj:01(make.@pred,recommendation)
obj:01(decideupon.@entry.@pred,measure.@def.@pl:03)
mod:01(measure.@def.@pl:03,provided)
lpl:01(provided,article(icl>contract))
smd:01(article(icl>contract),39)
obj(aggravation,situation)
aoj(concerned,party.@def.@pl)
obj(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,complywith.@pred)
agt(complywith.@pred,party.@def.@pl)
obj(complywith.@pred,measure.@pl:04)
mod(measure.@pl:04,such)
mod(measure.@pl:04,provisional)
man(complywith.@pred,as(icl>manner))
gol(as(icl>manner),deem.@pred)
or:02(desirable.@entry,necessary)
man(deem.@pred,:02)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0182>
;Such provisional measures shall be without prejudice to the rights,
;claims, or position of the parties concerned.

mod(measure.@pl,such)
mod(measure.@pl,provisional(icl>state))
aoj(without(icl>manner).@entry.shall@obligation,measure.@pl)
obj(without(icl>manner).@entry.shall@obligation,prejudice(equ>damage))
obj(prejudice(equ>damage),:01)
or:01(claim(icl>request).@def.@pl,right(icl>demand).@def.@pl)
or:01(position.@entry,claim(icl>request).@def.@pl)
mod(party(icl>group).@def.@pl,:01)
aoj:01(concerned,party(icl>group).@def.@pl)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0183>
;The SecurityCouncilshalldulytakeaccountoffailureto comply with
suchprovisionalmeasures.

agt(takeaccountof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(takeaccountof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,failure)
pur(takeaccountof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,complywith)
man(takeaccountof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,duly(icl>manner))
obj(complywith.@pred,measure.@pl)
mod(measure.@pl,such)
mod(measure.@pl,provisional(icl>state))
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0184>Article41
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,41)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0185>
;The Security Council may decide what measures not involving the use of
armed force are to be employed to give effect to its decisions, and it may
call upon the Members of the United Nations to apply such measures.

agt(decide(equ>determine,agt>organization).@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil)
obj(decide(equ>determine,agt>organization).@pred.@may,
employ.@pred.@must@obligation)
obj(employ.@pred.@must@obligation,measure.@pl:05)
mod(measure.@pl:05,what(aoj>thing))
agt(involve.@pred.@progress.@not,measure.@pl:05)
obj(involve.@pred.@progress.@not,use(icl>event))
obj(use(icl>event),force)
mod(force,armed)
pur(employ.@pred.@must@obligation,give)
obj(give,effect)
gol(give,decision(equ>resolution))
pos(decision(equ>resolution),it(icl>human):02)
agt(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,it(icl>human):01)
and(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,
decide(equ>determine,agt>organization).@pred.@may)
gol(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,member(icl>country).@pl:04)
;pof(UnitedNations,member(icl>country).@pl:04)	;zhu:reversedtheorderof
thetwoUWsofall"pof"
pof(member(icl>country).@pl:04,UnitedNations)
obj(callupon.@entry.@pred.@may,apply.@pred)
obj(apply.@pred,measure.@pl:06)
agt(apply.@pred,member(icl>country).@pl:03)
mod(measure.@pl:06,such)

;commentsto0002-0185byiai:howiscoreferenceofpersonalpronoun
;andfullNPtobepresented?
;weintrodcedanunl-relationforcontrolverbs:TheUNcallsuponthe
;members(i)toapply(subjofapply=members(i))suchmeasures.
[/S]



[S]
;<0002-0186>
;These may include complete or partialinterruptionofeconomicrelations
andofrail,sea,air,postal,telegraphic,radio,andothermeansof
communication,and the severanceofdiplomaticrelations.

agt(include(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,these)
;commentiai:thequestionhereishowwecouldthereferenceofthe
;ofdeicticpronounsmakeexplicit,becausegenderinfomaybe
;requirede.g.forgenerationinFrench,Italianetc.
obj(include(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,:01)
and:01(severance(obj>relationship).@entry,interruption)
obj:01(severance(obj>relationship).@entry,relation.@pl:06)
mod:01(relation.@pl:06,diplomatic)
or:02(partial.@entry,complete(icl>event))	:zhuadded"@entry"andchanged
theorderofUWs
mod:01(interruption,:02)
obj:01(interruption,:03)
and:03(relation.@pl.@entry:05,means(icl>method))
mod:03(relation.@pl.@entry:05,economic)
and:03(means(icl>method).@entry,radio(aoj>communication))
and:03(radio(aoj>communication),telegraphic)
and:03(telegraphic,postal(icl>means))
and:03(postal(icl>means),air)
and:03(air,sea)
and:03(sea,rail)
mod:03(means(icl>method).@entry,other(icl>manner))
mod:03(means(icl>method).@entry,communication)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0187>Article42
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,42)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0188>
;Should the Security Council consider that measures provided for in Article
41 would be inadequate or have proved to be inadequate, it may take such
action by air, sea, or landforces as may be necessary to maintain or
restore international peace and security.

con(take,consider.@entry.@pred)
agt(SecurityCouncil.@def,consider.@entry.@pred)
obj(consider.@entry.@pred,:04)
or:04(inadequate:06,prove(equ>turn_out).@entry.@pred.@past)
aoj:04(inadequate:06,measure)
obj:04(prove(equ>turn_out).@entry.@pred.@past,measure.@pl)
lpl(provided,article(equ>clause))
smd(article(equ>clause),41)
obj:04(provided,measure.@pl)
aoj:04(inadequate:05,measure.@pl)
agt(take,it(icl>human));commentiai:representationofreferenceof
pronoun?
obj(take,action)
mod(action,such)
met(action,forces)
or:01(land.@entry,sea)
or:01(sea,air)
mod(forces,:01)
mod(action,necessary.@pred.@may)
pur(action,:02)
or:02(restore.@pred.@entry,maintain(obj>entity).@pred)
and:03(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state))	;zhuadded"@entry"
andreversed
mod(:03,international)
obj(:02,:03)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0189>
;Such action may include demonstrations, blockade, and other operations by
air, sea, or landforces of Members of the United Nations.

agt(include(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,action)
mod(action,such)
obj(include(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,:01);commentiai:wedecided
;totreat'include'asverbtakingagt/objinsteadof'lpl'
and:01(blockade(icl>action),demonstration.@pl)
and:01(operation(icl>militaryaction).@pl.@entry,blockade(icl>action));zhu
added"@entry"
mod:01(operation(icl>militaryaction).@pl.@entry,other)
met:01(operation(icl>militaryaction).@pl.@entry,forces)
and:02(land.@entry,sea)
and:02(sea,air)
mod:01(forces,:02)	;zhuchanged"mod"to"mod:01"
mod:01(forces,member(icl>country).@pl)	;zhuchanged"mod:02"to"mod:01"
pof:01(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations)	;":02"to":01"
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0190>Article43
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,43)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0191>
;1.AllMembersof the UnitedNations,inordertocontributeto the 
;maintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,undertaketomake
;availableto the SecurityCouncil,onitscallandinaccordancewitha
;specialagreementoragreements, armed forces, assistance,and
;facilities,includingrightsofpassage,necessaryfor the purposeof
;maintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.

smd(undertake.@entry.@pred,"1.")
agt(undertake.@entry.@pred,member(icl>country).@pl)
pur(undertake.@entry.@pred,contribute)
obj(undertake.@entry.@pred,makeavailable);commentiai:.@entryfor
;governingUWininfinitiveclause?
agt(contribute.@pred,member(icl>country).@pl);commentiai:.@entryfor
governing
;UWininfinitiveclausesetc.?
obj(contribute.@pred,maintenance)
obj(maintenance,:02)
and:02(security.@entry,peace);zhuadded"@entry"andreversed
mod(:02,international)
pof(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations)
gol(makeavailable,SecurityCouncil)
obj(makeavailable,:01)
and:01(facility.@entry.@pl,assistance)
and:01(assistance,armedforces)	;IsUW"armedforces"necessary?
obj(include.@pred,right(icl>demand).@pl)
obj(right(icl>demand).@pl,passage)
aoj(necessary,right(icl>demand).@pl)
pur(necessary,purpose)
obj(purpose,maintain.@pred);commentiai:.@entryforgoverningUW?
obj(maintain.@pred,:03)
and:03(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state));zhuadded"@entry"
mod(:03,international)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0192>
;2.Suchagreementoragreementsshallgovern the numbersandtypesof
;forces,theirdegreeofreadinessandgenerallocation,and the nature
;of the facilitiesandassistancetobeprovided.

smd(govern.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,"2.")
mod(:01,such)
and:02(type(equ>kind),number(icl>amount))
and:02(degree,type(equ>kind))
mod(:02,force)
mod:02(degree,they)
mod:02(degree,readiness(icl>condition))
mod:02(location,general(icl>state))
obj:02(provide.@pred.@obligation,:06)
and:06(assistance.@entry,facility);added"@enrty"
mod:02(nature.@entry,:06)
and:02(location,degree)
and:02(nature.@entry,location)
obj(govern.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:02)
or:01(agreement.@entry.@def.@pl:04,agreement.@def:03)
agt(govern.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:01)

;;commentsbyzhu
;theoriginalUNLstructureofthissentencewasveryconfused,
;Itriedtore-writeit,butI'mnotsureifitiscorrectornot.
;pleasecheck,andletusknow!

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-193>3.The agreementoragreementsshallbenegotiatedassoonas
possibleon the initiativeof the SecurityCouncil.

smd(negotiate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,"3.")
or:01(agreement:02.@def.@pl.@entry,agreement:01.@def)
obj(negotiate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,:01)
man(negotiate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,assoonaspossible)
mod(initiative.@def,SecurityCouncil)
man(negotiate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,initiative.@def)

;revisedaccordingtoUNU-comments(101097,rn)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0194>
;Theyshallbeconcludedbetween the SecurityCouncilandMembersor
between the SecurityCouncilandgroupsofMembersandshallbesubjectto
ratificationby the signatorystatesinaccordancewiththeirrespective
constitutionalprocesses.

obj(:06.@entry,they);commentiai:
;presentationofpronominalreference?
agt(:06.@entry,:05)
and:06(subject(aoj>entity).@entry,conclude.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation)
aoj:06(they,subject(aoj>entity))
obj:06(subject(aoj>entity).@entry,ratification)
agt:06(ratification,state(icl>country).@pl)
mod:06(state(icl>country).@pl,signatory)
man:06(subject(aoj>entity).@entry,inaccordancewith)
obj(inaccordancewith,process.@pl)
mod(process.@pl,consitutional)
mod(process.@pl,respective)
mod(process.@pl,they)
and:01(member(icl>country).@entry.@pl:07,SecurityCouncil:04);added
"@entry"
and:02(group.@entry.@pl,SecurityCouncil:03)
mod:02(group.@entry.@pl,member(icl>country).@pl:07)
or:05(:02.@entry,:01)
[/S]


[T]
;<002-0195>Article44
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,44)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0196>
;When the Security Council has decided to use force it shall, before
calling upon a Member not represented on it to provide armed forces in
fulfilment of the obligations assumed under Article 43, invite that Member,
if the Member so desires, to participate in the decisions of the Security
Council concerning the employment of contingents of that Member's armed
forces.

con(invite.@entry.@pred,decide.@entry.@pred)
agt(decide.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def:01)
obj(decide.@entry.@pred,use(icl>event).@entry.@pred)
obj(use(icl>event).@entry.@pred,force)
agt(invite.@entry.@pred,it(icl>human):05)
gol(invite.@entry.@pred,participate)
lpl(participate,in(icl>place))
obj(in(icl>place),decision(equ>resolution).@def.@pl)
agt(decision(equ>resolution).@def.@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def:02)
mod(decision(equ>resolution).@def.@pl,concerning)
obj(concerning,employment(obj>entity).@def)
obj(employment(obj>entity).@def,contingent)
mod(contingent,force.@pl)
mod(force.@pl,armed)
mod(force.@pl,member(icl>country):03)
mod(member(icl>country):03,that)
tim(invite.@entry.@pred,before)
obj(before,callupon.@entry.@pred)
agt(callupon.@entry.@pred,it(icl>human:04))
gol(callupon.@entry.@pred,member(icl>country).@indef:06)
aoj(represented.@pred.@not,member(icl>country).@indef:06)
lpl(represented.@pred.@not,on(icl>place))
obj(on(icl>place),it(icl>human):07)
obj(callupon.@entry.@pred,provide.@entry.@pred)
agt(provide.@entry.@pred,member(icl>country).@indef:08)
obj(provide.@entry.@pred,force.@pl)
mod(force.@pl,armed)
man(provide.@entry.@pred,in(icl>manner))
obj(in(icl>manner),fulfilment)
obj(fulfilment,obligation(fld>law).@pl)
aoj(obligation(fld>law).@pl,assumed(icl>state))
lpl(assumed(icl>state),under(icl>place))
obj(under(icl>place),article(equ>clause))
smd(article(equ>clause),43)
con(invite.@entry.@pred,desire.@entry.@pred)
agt(desire.@entry.@pred,member(icl>country):09)
mod(member(icl>country):09,that)
man(desire.@entry.@pred,so)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0197>Article45
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,45)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0198>
;In order to enable the United Nations to take urgent military measures,
Members shall hold immediately available national air-force contingents for
combined international enforcement action.

agt(holdavailable.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,member(icl>country).@pl)
obj(holdavailable.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,contingent.@pl)
gol(holdavailable.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,action)
mod(action,enforcement)
mod(action,international)
mod(action,combined)
man(holdavailable.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,immediately)
mod(contingent.@pl,air-force)
mod(contingent.@pl,national)
pur(holdavailable.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,enable.@pred)
;commentiai:.@entryforUWsgoverninginfinitiveclauses(UW"enable")?
obj(enable.@pred,UnitedNations)
agt(take(obj>entity).@pred,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(take(obj>entity).@pred,measure.@pl)
mod(measure.@pl,military)
mod(measure.@pl,urgent)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0199>
;The strength and degree of readiness of these contingents and plans for
their combined action shall be determined within the limits laid down in
 the special agreement or agreements referred to in Article 43, by the 
Security Council with the assistance of the Military Staff Committee.

agt(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
:02)
and:01(degree.@entry,strength(icl>manpower).@def);zhuadded"@entry"and
reversed
mod:01(degree.@entry,readiness(icl>condition))
aoj:01(contingent,degree)
and:02(plan.@entry,:01)
pur:02(plan.@entry,action)
mod:02(action,combined)
mod:02(action,they)
lpl(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
within(icl>manner))
obj(within(icl>manner),limit)
obj(laydown.@pred.@perfect,limit)
lpl(laydown.@pred.@perfect,in(icl>place):06)
obj(in(icl>place):06,:03)
or:03(agreement.@def.@pl.@entry,agreement.@def);added"@entry"
mod(:03,special)
obj(referto.@pred.@perfect,:03)
lpl(referto.@pred.@perfect,in(icl>place):07)
obj(in(icl>place):07,article)
smd(article(equ>clause),43)
cag(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
assistance)
mod(assistance,MilitaryStaffCommittee.@def)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0200>Article46
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,46)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0201>Plansfor the applicationofarmedforceshallbemadeby the 
securityCouncilwith the assistanceof the MilitaryStaffCommittee.

pur(plan(icl>method).@pl,application.@def)
mod(application.@def,armedforces.@def)
obj(make(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,plan(icl>method).@pl)
agt(make(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(assistance.@def,MilitaryStaffCommittee.@def)
man(make(icl>event).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,assistance.@def)

;commentiai:"armedforces"istheUWwhichyou'veproposed--doesit
;alsoholdforthesingularform?Orwilltherebeanumberfeature
;required,whichinthiscaseseemsratherodd.
;revisedaccordingtoUNU-comments(101097,rn)
;asforthemodifier-PPheadedby'with'westucktoyourproposalbut
;wewouldprefertoalsointroducearelationfortheprepositionand
;anotherlabelforthepreposition'sobject:man(make...,with),
;obj(with,...assistance).Isthereanymotivationfortreatingthis
;caseinadifferentway?
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0202>Article47
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,47)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0203>
;1.ThereshallbeestablishedaMilitaryStaffCommitteetoadviseand
assist the SecurityCouncilonallquestionsrelatingto the Security
Council'smilitaryrequirementsfor the maintenanceofinternationalpeace
andsecurity, the employment and command of forces placed at its disposal,
 the regulation of armaments, and possible disarmament.

smd(establish.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,"1.")
obj(establish.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,MilitaryStaffCommittee)
pur(establish.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:01)
and:01(assist(equ>help,agt>organization).@entry.@pred,
advise(ptn>human).@pred)
ptn(:01,SecurityCouncil)
agt(:01,MilitaryStaffCommittee)
man(:01,on)
obj(on,question(icl>subject).@pl)
mod(question(icl>subject).@pl,all)
obj(relateto(icl>relation,obj>matter),:02)
agt(relateto(icl>relation,obj>matter),question.@pl)
and:02(disarmament.@entry,regulation);zhuadded"@entry"
and:02(regulation,:03)
obj:02(regulation,armament.@pl)
and:03(command.@entry,employment);zhuadded"@entry"andreversed
mod(:03,force.@pl)
obj(place.@pred,:03)
lpl(place.@pred,at)
obj(at,disposal)
mod(disposal,it(icl>human))
and:02(:03,requirement.@def.@pl)
pur:02(requirement.@def.@pl,maintenance)
obj:02(maintenance,:04);??coord-label'02'herenecessary??
and:04(peace(icl>state),security(icl>state))
mod(:04,international)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[S]
;<002-0204>2.The MilitaryStaffCommitteeshallconsistof the Chiefs of
;Staff of the permanentmembersof the SecurityCouncilortheir
;representatives

obj(consistof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,MilitaryStaffCommittee.@def)
mat(consistof.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,:01)
mod:01(ChiefofStaff.@def.@pl,member(icl>human).@pl)
mod:01(member(icl>human).@pl,permanent(ant>temporary,icl>state))
mod:01(member(icl>human).@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def)
or:01(representative(icl>politician).@pl.@entry,ChiefofStaff.@def.@pl)
mod:01(representative(icl>politician).@pl.@entry,they)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0205>
;AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationsnotpermanentlyrepresentedonthe
CommitteeshallbeinvitedbytheCommitteetobeassociatedwithitwhen
theefficientdischargeoftheCommittee'sresponsibilitiesrequiresthe
participationofthatMemberinitswork.

agt(invite.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,committee.@def:03)
obj(invite.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,member(icl>country):07)
gol(invite.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,associate.@pred.@obligation)
ptn(associate.@pred.@obligation,it(icl>human):01)
obj(associate.@pred.@obligation,member(icl>country):07)
aoj(represented.@pred.@not,member(icl>country):07)
lpl(represented.@pred.@not,on)
obj(on,committee.@def:05)
mod(represented.@pred.@not,permanently(icl>manner))
con(invite.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
>require(obj>activity).@entry.@pred)
cau(require(obj>activity).@entry.@pred,discharge(icl>event).@def)
obj(require(obj>activity).@entry.@pred,participation(equ>takingpart
in).@def)
agt(participation(equ>takingpartin).@def,member(icl>country):08)
mod(member(icl>country):08,that)
lpl(participation(equ>takingpartin).@def,work)
mod(work,it(icl>human):02)
obj(discharge(icl>event).@def,responsibility.@def.@pl)
mod(responsibility.@def.@pl,committee.@def:04)
mod(discharge(icl>event).@def,efficient)
pof(member(icl>country):07,UnitedNations)
mod(member(icl>country):07,any)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0206>
;3.TheMilitaryStaffCommitteeshallberesponsibleundertheSecurity
Councilforthestrategicdirectionofanyarmedforcesplacedatthe
disposaloftheSecurityCouncil.

smd(responsible(aoj>human,obj>matter).@entry.@shall@obligation,"3.")
aoj(responsible(aoj>human,obj>matter).@entry.@shall@obligation,Military
StaffCommittee.@def)
gol(responsible(aoj>human,obj>matter).@entry.@shall@obligation,
direction(equ>management))
mod(direction(equ>management),strategic)
obj(direction(equ>management),armedforces)
mod(armedforces,any)
obj(place.@pred,armedforces)
gol(place.@pred,disposal)
agt(disposal,SecurityCouncil.@def:01)
obj(under(icl>manner),SecurityCouncil.@def:02)
man(responsible.@entry.@shall@obligation,under(icl>manner))
[/S]

[S]
;<002-0207>Questions relating to the command of such forces shall be
workedoutsubsequently.

obj(workout.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,
question(icl>subject).@pl.@indef)
obj(relate(icl>relation,obj>matter).@pred.@present,
question(icl>subject).@pl.@indef)
gol(relate(icl>relation,obj>matter).@pred.@present,
command(obj>military).@def)
mod(command(obj>military).@def,forces)
mod(forces,such(icl>quality))
man(workout.@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,subsequently(icl>manner))

;revisedaccordingtoUNU-comments(101097,rn)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0208>
;4.TheMilitaryStaffCommittee,withtheauthorizationoftheSecurity
Counciland after consultationwithappropriateregionalagencies,may
establishregionalsub-committees.

smd(establish(agt>organization,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@may,"4.")
agt(establish(agt>organization,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@may,
MilitaryStaffCommittee.@def)
obj(establish(agt>organization,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@may,
subcommittee)
mod(regional:02,subcommittee)
agt(authorization(equ>sanction,icl>activity).@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
man(establish(agt>organization,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@may,
authorization(equ>sanction,icl>activity).@def)
obj(after(icl>time),consultation)
man(establish(agt>organization,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@may,
consultation)
cag(consultation,agency(icl>department))
mod(agency(icl>department),regional:01)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0209>Article48
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,48)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0210>
;1.The action required to carry out the decisions of the Security Council
for the maintenance of international peace and security shall be taken by
all the Members of the United Nations or by some of them, as the Security
Council may determine.

smd(take.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,"1.")
agt(take.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:01)
obj(take.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,action)
obj(require.@entry.@pred,action)
pur(require.@entry.@pred,carryout.@entry.@pred)
obj(carryout.@entry.@pred,decision.@def.@pl)
mod(decision.@def.@pl,SecurityCouncil.@def:03)
pur(decision.@def.@pl,maintenance)
obj(maintenance,:02)
and:02(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod(:02,international)
mod:01(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,all)
pof:01(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
;or:01(they,member(icl>country).@def.@pl);zhucommentout
or:01(some(icl>quantity).@entry,member(icl>country).@def.@pl);zhuadded
"@entry"andreversed
pof:01(some(icl>quantity).@entry,they)
man(take.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,determine.@entry.@pred.@may)
agt(determine.@entry.@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil.@def:04)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0211>
;2.Such decisions shall be carried out by the Members of the United
Nations directly and through their action in the appropriate international
agencies of which they are members.

smd(carryout.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,"2.")
mod(decision.@pl,such)
obj(carryout.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,decision.@pl)
agt(carryout.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:01)
and:01(action.@entry,member(icl>country).@def.@pl:03);zhuadded"@entry"
andreversed
mod:01(member(icl>country).@def.@pl:03,UnitedNations)
man(carryout.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,directly)
lpl:01(action.@entry,agency(icl>department).@def.@pl)
mod:01(agency(icl>department).@def.@pl,appropriate)
mod:01(agency(icl>department).@def.@pl,international)
mod:01(action.@entry,they:04)
mod:01(member(icl>country).@pl:02,agency(icl>department).@def.@pl)
aoj:01(member(icl>country).@pl:02,they:05)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0212>Article49
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,49)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0213>
;The Members of the United Nations shall join in affording mutual
assistance in carrying out the measures decided upon by the Security Council.

agt(joinin.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,member(icl>country).@def.@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(joinin.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,afford(icl>event).@pred)
obj(afford(icl>event).@pred,assistance);iai:'.@entry'tobeassigned?
mod(assistance,mutual)
obj(assistance,carryout.@pred)
obj(carryout.@pred,measure.@def.@pl);iai:'.@entry'tobeassigned?
obj(decideupon.@pred,measure.@def.@pl)
agt(decideupon.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0214>Article50
mod(article(icl>contact).@entry.@title,50)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0215>
;Ifpreventiveorenforcementmeasuresagainstanystate are takenbythe
SecurityCouncil,anyotherstate,whetheraMemberoftheUnitedNations
ornot,whichfindsitselfconfrontedwithspecialeconomicproblems
arisingfromthecarryingoutofthosemeasuresshallhavetherightto
consulttheSecurityCouncilwithregardtoasolutionofthoseproblems.

con(have.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,take.@entry.@pred)
agt(have.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,state)
obj(have.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,right)
obj(right,consult.@entry.@pred)
agt(consult.@entry.@pred,state:02)
mod(state:02,any:07)
mod(state:02,other)
aoj(:05,state)
or:05(member(icl>country):01.@not.@entry,member(icl>country):02.@indef)
;sakai:member-->member:01,member:02
pof(:05,UnitedNations)
obj(confrontedwith,problem.@pl)
gol(confrontedwith,state:02)
mod(problem.@pl,economic)
mod(problem.@pl,special)
obj(arise.@entry.@pred,problem.@pl)
src(arise.@entry.@pred,carryout.@def);iai:representationof
;nominalisation?
obj(carryout.@def,measure.@pl:03)
mod(measure.@pl:03,those)
obj(take.@entry.@pred,measure.@pl:04);iai:coord-label'01'needed?
gol(measure.@pl:04,against)
obj(against,state:05)
or:01(enforcement.@entry,preventive);zhuadded"@entry"andreversed
mod(measure.@pl:04,:01)
mod(state:05,any:06)
gol(consult.@entry.@pred,SecurityCouncil.@def)
man(consult.@entry.@pred,withregardto)
obj(withregardto,solution)
obj(solution,problem.@pl)
mod(problem.@pl,those)
[/S]
[/P]

[T]
;<002-0216>Article51
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,51)
[/T]

[P]
[S]
;<0002-0217>
;Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of
individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a
Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures
necessary to maintain international peace and security.

cau(impair(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,nothing)
lpl(nothing,Charta)
mod(Charta,present(icl>time))
obj(impair(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,right(icl>demand))
mod(right(icl>demand),inherent)
obj(right(icl>demand),self-defence(fld>law));iai:coord-label'01'
;needed?
or:01(collective.@entry,individual);zhuadd"@entry"
mod(self-defence(fld>law),:01)
con(impair(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,occur(equ>happen,
obj>event.@pred.@present)
obj(occur(equ>happen,obj>event).@pred.@present,attack)
mod(attack,armed)
man(occur,against)
obj(against,member(icl>country))
pof(member(icl>country),UnitedNations)
tmt(impair(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,take)
agt(take,SecurityCouncil)
obj(take,measure)
mod(measure,necessary)
gol(measure,maintain)
obj(maintain,:02)
and:02(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state));zhuadd"@entry",
>reversed
mod(international,:02)
[/S]

;<0002-0218>
;MeasurestakenbyMembersintheexerciseofthisrightofself-defence
shallbeimmediatelyreportedtotheSecurityCouncilandshallnotinany
way affect theauthorityandresponsibilityoftheSecurityCouncilunder
thepresentChartertotakeatanytimesuchactionasitdeemsnecessary
inordertomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.

and(report.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,
affect@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation);commentiai:coord-labelrequired?
obj(report.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,measure.@pl)
obj(take.@entry.@pred:08,measure.@pl)
agt(take.@entry.@pred:08,member(icl>country).@pl)
man(take.@entry.@pred:08,in(icl>manner):10)
obj(in(icl>manner):10,exercise)
obj(exercise,right(equ>demand))
mod(right(equ>demand),this)
obj(right(equ>demand),self-defence)
mod(report.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,immediately)
gol(report.@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,SecurityCouncil:04)
obj(affect@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,:02)
man(affect@entry.@pred.@shall@obligation,in(icl>manner):11)
obj(in(icl>manner):11,way(icl>manner))
mod(way(icl>manner),any)
and:02(responsibility.@entry,authority);zhuadded"@entry",reversed
mod(:02,SecurityCouncil:03)
pur(:02,take.@entry.@pred:09)
obj(take.@entry.@pred:09,action)
agt(take.@entry.@pred:09,SecurityCouncil:06)
lpl(:02,under)
obj(under,Charta)
mod(Charta,present)
pur(action,:04)
or:04(restore.@entry.@pred,maintain.@pred);zhureversed,deleted"@entry"
of"maintain"
obj(:04,:05)
and:05(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state));zhuadded
"@entry",reversed
mod(:05,international)
[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch08Unl.txt,byUNL-China
[T]
;<0002-0219>
;CHAPTERVIII:REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
mod(chapter(icl>document),8)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl.@entry,regional)
smd(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl.@entry,chapter(icl>document))
[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0220>
;Article52
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,52)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0221>
;1.NothinginthepresentCharterprecludestheexistenceofregional
;arrangements or agenciesfordealingwithsuchmattersrelatingtothe
;maintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityas are appropriatefor
;regionalaction,providedthatsuch arrangements oragenciesandtheir
;activities are consistentwiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnited
;Nations.

smd(preclude.@entry.@pred.@present,"1.")
agt(preclude.@entry.@pred.@present,nothing)
mod(nothing,charter(icl>document).@def)
mod(charter(icl>document).@def,present(icl>state))
obj(preclude.@entry.@pred.@present,existence.@def)
mod(:01,regional:01)
obj(existence.@def,:01)
or:01(agency(icl>organization):01.@pl.@entry,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
agt(:01,dealwith.@pred)

;comments://chinaHere
;'dealwith'ifwedon'tconsideritasauw,thenthe'with'maybe
mistaked
;asaprepositionalcasemarkerofinstrumentandcausefailingeneration.
;Weonceuse'handle'forsubstitutingthephrase.Butwe are uncertain
;whetherthere are equvalient,soweintroducetheUW'dealwith'

obj(dealwith.@pred,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(matter(icl>thing).@pl,such(icl>state):01)
obj(relate(icl>event).@pred.@present.@progress,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
ptn(relate(icl>event).@pred.@present.@progress,maintenance.@def)
con(preclude.@entry.@pred.@present,consistent.@pred.@present)
and:02(security(icl>state).@entry,peace)
mod(:02,international(icl>state))
obj(maintenance.@def,:02)
aoj(appropriate(icl>state).@present.@pred,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
ben(appropriate(icl>state).@present.@pred,action)
mod(action,regional:02)
or:03(agency(icl>organization):02.@pl.@entry,arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@
pl)
mod:04(:03,such(icl>state):02)
mod:04(activity.@pl.@entry,they);their->they
and:04(activity.@pl.@entry,:03)
aoj(consistent.@pred.@present,:04)
and:05(principle(icl>rule).@pl.@entry,purpose.@pl.@def)
mod(:05,UnitedNations.@def)
ptn(consistent.@pred.@present,:05)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0222>
;2.TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsenteringintosuch arrangements or
;constitutingsuchagenciesshallmakeeveryefforttoachievepacific
;settlementoflocaldisputesthroughsuchregional arrangements orbysuch
;regionalagencies before referringthemtotheSecurityCouncil.

smd(make(equ>do,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,"2.")
agt(make(equ>do,obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,member(ic
l>country).@pl.@def)
agt(:01,member(icl>country).@pl.@def)
or:01(constitute.@pred.@progress.@entry,enter
into(agt>human,obj>agreement).@pred.@progress)
obj:01(constitute.@pred.@progress.@entry,agency(icl>organization).@pl)
mod:01(agency(icl>organization).@pl,such(icl>state):01)
mod:01(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl,such(icl>state):02)
obj:01(enter
into(agt>human,obj>agreement).@pred.@progress,arrangement(icl>agreement).@
pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl.@def,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(make(equ>do,obj>action).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,effort)
mod(effort,every(icl>state))
pur(make(equ>do,obj>action).@entry.@pred.shall@obligation,achieve.@pred)
obj(achieve.@pred,settlement(obj>dispute))
mod(settlement(obj>dispute),pacific)
mod(settlement(obj>dispute),dispute(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(dispute(icl>thing).@pl,local(icl>state))
man(achieve.@pred,:02)
or:02(agency(icl>organization):02.@pl.@entry,arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@
pl)
mod:02(arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl,regional:01)
mod:02(arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl,such(icl>state):03)
mod:02(agency(icl>organization):02.@pl.@entry,regional:02)
mod:02(agency(icl>organization):02.@pl.@entry,such(icl>state):04)
seq(refer(agt>human,gol>human).@pred.@progress,make(equ>do,obj>action).@entr
y.@pred.shall@obligation)
obj(refer(agt>human,gol>human).@pred.@progress,they);them->they
gol(refer(agt>human,gol>human).@pred.@progress,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0223>
;3.TheSecurityCouncilshallencouragethedevelopmentofpacific
;settlementoflocaldisputesthroughsuchregional arrangements orby
;suchregionalagencieseitherontheinitiativeofthestatesconcernedor
;byreferencefromtheSecurityCouncil.

smd(encourage.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,"3.")
agt(encourage.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,Security
>Council:01.@def)
obj(encourage.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,development(icl>progres
s).@def)
mod(development(icl>progress).@def,settlement(obj>dispute))
mod(settlement(obj>dispute),pacific)
mod(settlement(obj>dispute),dispute(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(dispute(icl>thing).@pl,local(icl>state))
man(settlement(obj>dispute),arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
agt(settlement(obj>dispute),agency(icl>organization).@pl)
or(agency(icl>organization).@pl,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl,regional:01)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl,such(icl>state):01)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,regional:02)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,such(icl>state):02)
man(settlement(obj>dispute),:02)
or:02(reference.@entry,initiative(icl>will).@def)
agt:02(reference.@entry,SecurityCouncil:02.@def)
mod:02(initiative(icl>will).@def,state(icl>country).@pl.@def)
mod:02(state(icl>country).@pl.@def,concerned(icl>state))

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0224>
;4.ThisArticleinnowayimpairstheapplicationof Articles 34 and 35.
smd(impair.@entry.@pred.@present,"4.")
mod(article(icl>contract):01,this(icl>state))
agt(impair.@entry.@pred.@present,article(icl>contract):01)
man(impair.@entry.@pred.@present,innoway)
obj(impair.@entry.@pred.@present,application.@def)
mod(application.@def,article(icl>contract):02.@pl)
mod(article(icl>contract):02.@pl,:01)
and:01(35.@entry,34)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0225>
;Article53
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,53)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0226>
;1.TheSecurityCouncilshall,whereappropriate,utilizesuchregional
;arrangements or agenciesforenforcement action under its authority.

smd(utilize.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,"1.")
agt(utilize.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(utilize.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,:01)
con(utilize.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,appropriate(icl>state))
or:01(agency(icl>organization).@pl.@entry,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
mod(:01,regional)
mod(:01,such(icl>state))
gol(utilize.@pred.@present.@entry.shall@obligation,action)
mod(action,enforcement)
lpl(utilize.@pred.@present.@entry.shall@obligation,authority(icl>power))
mod(authority(icl>power),it);its->it

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0227>
;Butnoenforcement action shallbetakenunderregional arrangements
;orbyregionalagencieswithouttheauthorizationoftheSecurityCouncil,
;withtheexceptionofmeasuresagainstanyenemystate,asdefinedin
;paragraph2ofthisArticle,providedforpursuanttoArticle107orin
;regional arrangements directedagainstrenewalofaggressivepolicyonthe
;partofanysuchstate,untilsuchtimeastheOrganizationmay,on
request
;oftheGovernmentsconcerned,bechargedwiththeresponsibilityfor
;preventingfurtheraggressionbysuchastate.

obj(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,action
.@no)

;comments:
;;zhu:introduceanewattribute"@no",means"notexist"or"thenumberis
zero"
;//chinaWeagreewithMs.Zhu.
;//china@noshouldbeintroducedindealingwithsuchexamples:
;//chinanoX========[X.@no]
;//chinaACTwithoutMANNER========man(ACT,MANNER.@no)

mod(action.@no,enforcement)
or(agency(icl>organization).@pl,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl:01)
agt(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,agency
(icl>organization).@pl)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl:01,regional:01)
lpl(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,arrang
ement(icl>agreement).@pl:01)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,regional:02)
man(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,author
ization.@def.@no)
;;zhu:man(action,manner.@no)-->doactionwithoutmanner
agt(authorization.@def.@no,SecurityCouncil.@def)
con(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,except
ion.@def)
mod(exception.@def,measure(equ>officialaction).@pl)
mod(measure(equ>officialaction).@pl,against(icl>manner):01)
gol(against(icl>manner):01,state(icl>country):01)
mod(state(icl>country):01,enemy(icl>state))
mod(state(icl>country):01,any(icl>state):01)
obj(define(obj>idea).@pred,state(icl>country):01)
;###"defined^=@past"Takai
lpl(define(obj>idea).@pred,paragraph(icl>document))
mod(paragraph(icl>document),2)
mod(paragraph(icl>document),article(icl>contract):01)
mod(article(icl>contract):01,this(icl>state))
obj(pursuantto(equ>besuitable),article(icl>contract):02)

;comments://china
;add:pursuantto(equ>besuitable)
;Ifwedon'tanalyzethephraseasuw,it'slikelytoconsiderthenouns
;after 'to' asthegoalof'purusant'because'to'isusuallyconsidered
;asprepositionalcasemarker.
;Thusitwilldisordertherelations.
;Formerlyweusedotherwordstosubstitute.
;forexample,	[pursuantto]{}"adapt(icl>event)"
;Butit'snotbettertodoso,forwearenotsuretochosethe
;correspondingwordforsubstitution,forexample,does'adapt'match
;exactlyl'pursuantto'?
;WeacceptedthesuggestionsfromUNLCenter,andmaderelevantchanges.

mod(article(icl>contract):02,107)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl,regional:03)
obj(provide.@pred,measure(equ>officialaction).@pl)
;####"provided^=@past"Takai
man(provide.@pred,pursuantto(equ>besuitable))
mod(measure(equ>officialaction).@pl,arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl)
;con(against(icl>manner):02,arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl)
obj(direct(icl>event).@pred,arrangement(icl>agreement):02.@pl)
;###"directed^=@past"Takai
pur(direct(icl>event).@pred,against(icl>manner):02)
gol(against(icl>manner):02,renewal(icl>revival))
mod(renewal(icl>revival),policy)
mod(policy,aggressive(equ>offensive))
mod(policy,part(icl>quantity).@def)
mod(part(icl>quantity).@def,state(icl>country):02)
mod(state(icl>country):02,such(icl>state):01)
mod(state(icl>country):02,any(icl>state):02)
tmt(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry.@present.shall@obligation,time(e
qu>occasion))
mod(time(equ>occasion),such(icl>state):02)
mod(government(icl>organization).@pl,concerned(icl>state))
agt(request(icl>thing),government(icl>organization).@pl)
tim(charge(icl>event,obj>human).@pred.may@grant,time(equ>occasion))
;###"charged=passive,^=@past"Takai
man(charge(icl>event,obj>human).@pred.may@grant,request(icl>thing))
obj(charge(icl>event,obj>human).@pred.may@grant,organization)
met(charge(icl>event,obj>human).@pred.may@grant,responsibility)
pur(responsibility,prevent.@progress)
obj(prevent.@pred,aggression)
;;###"preventing"^=@progress,but=participial
mod(aggression,further(icl>state))
mod(aggression,state(icl>country):03.@indef)
mod(state(icl>country):03.@indef,such(icl>state):03)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0228>
;2.Thetermenemystateasusedinparagraph1ofthisArticleappliesto
;anystatewhichduringtheSecondWorldWarhasbeenanenemyofany
;signatoryofthepresentCharter.

smd(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@present,"2.")
cnt(term(icl>word).@def,:01)
mod:01(state(icl>country):01.@entry,enemy(icl>state):01)
obj(use(icl>event).@pred,term(icl>word).@def)
;##"used^=@past"Takai
ppl(use(icl>event).@pred,paragraph(icl>document))
mod(paragraph(icl>document),1)
mod(paragraph(icl>document),article(icl>contract))
mod(article(icl>contract),this(icl>state))
obj(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@present,term(icl>word).@def)
gol(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@present,state(icl>country):02)
mod(state(icl>country):02,any(icl>state):01)
dur(enemy(icl>state):02.@present.@complete.@indef.@pred,SecondWorld
>War.@def)
aoj(enemy(icl>state):02.@present.@complete.@indef.@pred,state(icl>country):
>02)
mod(enemy(icl>state):02.@present.@complete.@indef.@pred,signatory(icl>countr
y))
mod(signatory(icl>country),any(icl>state):02)
mod(signatory(icl>country),charter(icl>document).@def)
mod(charter(icl>document),present(icl>state))

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0229>
;Article54
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,54)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0230>
;TheSecurityCouncilshallatalltimesbekeptfullyinformedof
;activitiesundertakenorincontemplationunderregional arrangements
;orbyregionalagenciesforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeace
;andsecurity.
;"kept"meaningofcontinuationmustbeexpressedinsomeway/takai
man(inform.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation.@continue,fully(icl>manne
>r))
man(inform.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation.@continue,atalltimes)
gol(inform.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation.@continue,Security
Council.@def)
obj(inform.@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation.@continue,activity.@pl)
and:01(contemplation(icl>thought).@entry,undertake.@pred)
;;######"incontemplation"^=@progress//"undertaken^=@completebut
passive
obj(:01,activity.@pl)
lpl(:01,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
mod(arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl,regional:01)
agt(:01,agency(icl>organization).@pl)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,regional:02)
or(agency(icl>organization).@pl,arrangement(icl>agreement).@pl)
pur(activity.@pl,maintenance.@def)
and:02(security(icl>state).@entry,peace)
mod(:02,international(icl>state))
obj(maintenance.@def,:02)

[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch09Unl.txt,byUNL-China
[T]
;<0002-0231>
;CHAPTERIX:INTERNATIONALECONOMICANDSOCIALCO-OPERATION
mod(chapter(icl>document),9)
and:01(social(icl>state).@entry,economic(icl>state))
mod(cooperation.@entry,:01)
mod(cooperation.@entry,international(icl>state))
smd(cooperation.@entry,chapter(icl>document))
[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0232>
;Article55
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,55)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0233-1>
;Withaviewtothecreationofconditionsofstabilityandwell-being
;whicharenecessaryforpeacefulandfriendlyrelationsamongnations
;basedonrespectfortheprincipleofequalrightsandself-determination
;ofpeoples,theUnitedNationsshallpromote:

and:01(well-being.@entry,stability)
mod(condition.@pl,:01)
obj(creation(equ>creating,icl>action).@def,condition.@pl)
aoj(necessary(icl>state).@pred.@present,condition.@pl)
and:02(friendly(icl>state).@entry,peaceful(icl>state))
mod(relation.@pl,:02)
lpl(relation.@pl,nation(equ>state).@pl)
ben(necessary(icl>state).@pred.@present,relation.@pl)
obj(base(icl>event).@pred,relation.@pl)
;;###"basedon"^=@past,//Takai
lpl(base(icl>event).@pred,respect(icl>consideration))
obj(respect(icl>consideration),principle(icl>rule).@def)
mod(:03,people(icl>human).@pl)
and:03(self-determination.@entry,right(icl>thing).@pl)
mod:03(right(icl>thing).@pl,equal(icl>state))
mod(principle(icl>rule).@def,:03)
agt(promote(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,United
Nations.@def)
pur(promote(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,creation(equ>c
reating,icl>action).@def);"withaviewto"=pur

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0233-2>
;a.higherstandardsofliving,fullemployment,andconditionsofeconomic
;andsocialprogressanddevelopment;
mod(standard(equ>level).@pl,living(equ>life));1
mod(standard(equ>level).@pl,high(icl>state));2
mod(high(icl>state),more(icl>degree));3

;comments://china
;Weconsiderwhetherit'sbettertointroduceanattribute@more,sowe
have
;mod(standard(equ>level).@pl,high(icl>state).@more)
;throughthecomibnationof2and3.

mod(employment(obj>human),full(equ>whole))
and:01(social(icl>state).@entry,economic(icl>state))
and:02(development(icl>process).@entry,progress(icl>process))
mod(:02,:01)
mod(condition.@pl.@entry,:02)
and(employment(obj>human),standard(equ>level).@pl)
and(condition.@pl.@entry,employment(obj>human))
smd(condition.@pl.@entry,"a.")

[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0233-3>
;b.solutionsofinternationaleconomic,social,health,andrelated
>problems;
;andinternationalculturalandeducationalcooperation;and

and:01(social(icl>state),economic(icl>state))
and:01(health,social(icl>state))
and:01(related(aoj>thing).@entry,health)
mod(problem(icl>state).@pl,:01)
mod(problem(icl>state).@pl,international(icl>state):01)
obj(solution(equ>answer).@pl,problem(icl>state).@pl)
and:02(educational(icl>state).@entry,cultural)
mod(cooperation.@entry,:02)
mod(cooperation.@entry,international(icl>state):02)
and(cooperation.@entry,solution(equ>answer).@pl)
smd(cooperation.@entry,"b.")

[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0233-4>
;c.universalrespectfor,andobservanceof,humanrightsandfundamental
;freedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,or
>religion.

smd(:01.@entry,".c")
and:01(observance.@entry,respect(icl>consideration))
man(:01.@entry,universal(ant>particular,icl>state))
mod:02(freedom.@pl.@entry,fundamental(icl>state))
and:02(freedom.@pl.@entry,humanrights)
obj(:01.@entry,:02)

or:03(race(icl>state),sex(icl>state))
or:03(language,race(icl>state))
or:03(religion.@entry,language)
lpl(distinction(equ>difference).@no,:03)
mod(all(icl>state),distinction(equ>difference).@no);??
pur(:02,all(icl>state))

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0234>
;Article56
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,56)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0235>
;AllMemberspledgethemselvestotakejointandseparate action
;inco-operationwiththeOrganizationfortheachievementofthe
;purposessetforthinArticle55.

mod(member(icl>country).@pl,all(icl>state))
agt(pledge(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,member(icl>country).@pl)
gol(pledge(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,themselves)
obj(pledge(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@present,take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred
.@present)
agt(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@present,member(icl>country).@pl)
and:01(joint(icl>state).@entry,separate(equ>individual))
mod(action,:01)
man(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@present,co-operation)
ptn(co-operation,organization)
obj(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@present,action)
pur(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@present,achievement(icl>event).@def)
obj(achievement(icl>event).@def,purpose(icl>thing).@pl.@def)
obj(setforth.@pred,purpose(icl>thing).@pl)
;;###"setforth"^=@past,//Takai
mod(article(icl>contract),55)
lpl(setforth.@pred.@present,article(icl>contract))

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0236>
;Article57
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,57)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0237>
;1.Thevariousspecializedagencies,establishedbyintergovernmental
;agreementandhavingwideinternationalresponsibilities,
;asdefinedintheirbasicinstruments,ineconomic,social,cultural,
;educational,health,andrelatedfields,shallbebroughtinto
relationship
;withtheUnitedNationsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle63.

;comments://china
;weconsiderthephrase'bringinto'shouldbeauw,
;whichmeans'cause(anactivityorcondition)tostart'[LONGMAN]
;Wesupposetheframeof'bringinto'is
;		"[agt]bring[gol]into[obj]with[ptn]"
;		"[agt]bring[obj]into[gol]with[ptn]"??//Takai

obj(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
;;###"bebroughtinto"^=@past,//Takai
mod(agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl,specialized)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl,various(icl>state))
;;###"established"^=@past,//Takai
obj(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@pred,agency(icl>organization).@de
f.@pl)
cau(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@pred,agreement)
mod(agreement,intergovernmental)
mod(responsibility.@pl,international(icl>state))
mod(responsibility.@pl,wide(icl>range))
obj(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred,responsibility.@pl)
and(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred,establish(agt>human,obj>organization).
@pred)
man(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred,define.@pred)
;;##"having"^=@progress,"asdefined"^=@past
agt(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred,agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
obj(define.@pred,agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
ins(define.@pred,instrument(icl>document).@pl)
mod(instrument(icl>document).@pl,basic(icl>state))
mod(instrument(icl>document).@pl,they);their->they
lpl(define.@pred,field(equ>subject).@pl)
and:01(social(icl>state),economic(icl>state))
and:01(cultural,social(icl>state))
and:01(educational(icl>state),cultural)
and:01(health,educational(icl>state))
and:01(related(aoj>thing).@entry,health)
mod(field(equ>subject).@pl,:01)
;gol(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,agency(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
;##"thusbroughtinto"^=@past//Takai
gol(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,relationship)
ptn(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,UnitedNations.@def)
man(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,inaccordancewith)
obj(inaccordancewith,provision(icl>law).@pl.@def)
mod(article(icl>contract),63)
mod(provision(icl>law).@pl.@def,article(icl>contract))
smd(bringinto.shall@obligation.@entry,"1.")
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0238>
;2.SuchagenciesthusbroughtintorelationshipwiththeUnitedNations
are
;hereinafter referredtoasspecializedagencies.
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl:01,such(icl>state))
obj(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,agency(icl>organization)
.@pl:01)
gol(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,agency(icl>organization)
.@pl:02)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl:02,specialized)
obj(bringinto.@pred,agency(icl>organization).@pl:01)
gol(bringinto.@pred,relationship)
man(bringinto.@pred,thus)
mod(relationship,UnitedNations.@def)
man(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,hereinafter)
smd(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@present,"2.")
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0239>
;Article58
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,58)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0240>
;TheOrganizationshallmakerecommendationsfortheco-ordinationof
;thepoliciesand activitiesofthespecializedagencies.
agt(make(obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,organization.@d
>ef)
obj(make(obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,recommendation(i
cl>advice).@pl)
pur(make(obj>action).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,co-ordination.@d
ef)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl.@def,specialized)
mod(:01,agency(icl>organization).@pl.@def)
and:01(activity.@pl.@def.@entry,policy(icl>method).@pl.@def)
obj(co-ordination.@def,:01)
[/S]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0241>
;Article59
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,59)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0242>
;TheOrganizationshall,whereappropriate,initiatenegotiationsamong
;thestatesconcernedforthecreationofanynewspecializedagencies
;requiredfortheaccomplishmentofthepurposessetforthinArticle55.

;comments://chinahere
;"whereapprpriate"isacondition,herewejustconsideritasanadverbial.

agt(initiate(obj>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,organization.
@def)
con(initiate(obj>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,appropriate(i
cl>state))
obj(initiate(obj>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,negotiation.@
pl)
lpl(negotiation.@pl,state(icl>country).@pl.@def)
;lpl(initiate(obj>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,state(icl>co
untry).@pl.@def)

;comments:	//chinahere
;weacceptUNLCenter'sproposal,weconceltheabovemodificationmadeby
us.

mod(state(icl>country).@pl.@def,concerned(icl>state))
pur(initiate(obj>event).@entry.@pred.@present.shall@obligation,creation(equ>
creating,icl>action).@def)
obj(creation(equ>creating,icl>action).@def,agency(icl>organization).@pl)

;comments:
;//chinaWhetherwecansaythatthegrammarticalmeaningofaword
doesn't
;haveanyfunctionintheexpressionofrelationofUNL.
;Forexample,'creation'isanoun,whichcanbemodifiedbydefinite
articles,
;butbecauseitisderivedfromverbcreate,itcanhaveobjrelation,
;forinstance,theexamplesuppliedbyUNLCenter:
;original:mod(creation.@def,agency(icl>organization).@pl)
;thecorrected:obj(creation.@def,agency(icl>organization).@pl)

mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,specialized)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,new)
mod(agency(icl>organization).@pl,any(icl>state))
obj(require(gol>activity,obj>human).@pred,agency(icl>organization).@pl)
;;##"required"^=@past//Takai
pur(require(gol>activity,obj>human).@pred,accomplishment.@def)
obj(accomplishment.@def,purpose(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
obj(setforth.@pred,purpose(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
lpl(setforth.@pred,article(icl>contract))
mod(article(icl>contract),55)

[/S]
[T]
;<0002-0243>
;Article60
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,60)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0244>
;ResponsibilityforthedischargeofthefunctionsoftheOrganization
;setforthinthisChaptershallbevestedintheGeneralAssemblyand,
>under
;theauthorityoftheGeneralAssembly,intheEconomicandSocialCouncil,
;whichshallhaveforthispurposethepowerssetforthinChapterX.

pur(responsibility,discharge(obj>duty).@def)
obj(discharge(obj>duty).@def,function(icl>role).@pl.@def)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl.@def,organization.@def)
obj(setforth:01.@pred.@present,responsibility)
lpl(setforth:01.@pred.@present,chapter(icl>document):01)
mod(chapter(icl>document):01,this(icl>state):01)
obj(vest(icl>event).@entry.@pred,responsibility)
;;##"vested"^=@past//Takai
gol(vest(icl>event).@entry.@pred,EconomicandSocialCouncil.@def)
and(EconomicandSocialCouncil.@def,GeneralAssembly:01.@def)
man(vest(icl>event).@entry.@pred,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),authority(icl>power).@def)
mod(authority(icl>power).@def,GeneralAssembly:02.@def)
agt(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,Economic
andSocialCouncil.@def.@entry)
obj(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,power(equ>au
thority).@def.@pl)
pur(have(agt>human,obj>ability).@pred.@present.shall@obligation,purpose(icl>
thing))
mod(purpose(icl>thing),this(icl>state):02)
obj(setforth:02.@pred,power(equ>authority).@def.@pl)
lpl(setforth:02.@pred,chapter(icl>document):02)
mod(chapter(icl>document):02,10)

[/S]
[/P]

;;fileCh11Unl.txt,byUNL-Indonesia

;;commentsbyUNLCenter,97/12/11
;	changedRomannumeralstoArabicnumerals

[T]
;<0002-0291>
;CHAPTERXI:DECLARATIONREGARDINGNON-SELF-GOVERNINGTERRITORIES

mod(chapter(icl>document),11)
obj(declaration(icl>statement).@entry.@title,regarding);regardingisnewUW
lpl(regarding,non-self-governing(icl>government));non-self-governmentis
newUW
mod(non-self-governing(icl>government),territory(icl>area).@pl)
smd(declaration(icl>statement).@entry.@title,chapter(icl>document))
[/T]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0292>
;Article73

mod(article(equ>item).@entry.@title,73)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0293>
;MembersoftheUnitedNationswhichhaveorassumeresponsibilitiesfor
;theadministrationofterritories whose peoples have not yet attained
;afullmeasureofself-governmentrecognizetheprinciplethatthe
;interestsoftheinhabitantsoftheseterritoriesareparamount,
;andacceptasasacredtrusttheobligationtopromotetothe
;utmost,withinthesystemofinternationalpeaceandsecurityestablished
;bythepresentCharter,thewell-beingoftheinhabitantsofthese
;territories,and,tothisend:

obj(recognize(equ>acknowledge).@entry.@pred,principle(icl>rule).@def)
and(recognize(equ>acknowledge).@entry.@pred,accept(obj>duty).@pred)
;accept(obj>duty)andrecognize(equ>acknowledge)arenewUWs
agt(recognize(equ>acknowledge).@entry.@pred,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
aoj(member(icl>country).@pl,:01.@pred)
or:01(have(obj>matter).@entry,assume(obj>role))
obj(:01.@pred,responsibility(icl>duty).@pl)
ben(responsibility(icl>duty).@pl,administration.@def)
mod(administration.@def,territory(icl>area):01.@pl)
aoj(territory(icl>area):01.@pl,people(icl>human).@def)
agt(attain.@pred.@not,people(icl>human).@def)
obj(attain.@pred.@not,measure(icl>degree).@indef)
mod(measure(icl>degree).@indef,full(icl>state))
mod(measure(icl>degree).@indef,self-government(icl>autonomy))
obj(principle(icl>rule).@def,interest.@pl.@def)
mod(interest.@pl.@def,inhabitant(icl>human):01.@pl.@def)
mod(inhabitant(icl>human):01.@pl.@def,territory(icl>area):02.@def.@pl)
aoj(interest.@pl.@def,paramount(aoj>matter))
obj(accept(obj>duty).@pred,obligation(equ>duty).@def)
cnt(accept(obj>duty).@pred,trust.@indef)
mod(trust.@indef,sacred(icl>state))
gol(obligation(equ>duty).@def,promote(obj>matter))
man(promote(obj>matter),utmost(icl>degree).@def)
and(promote(obj>matter),end.@def)
lpl(promote(obj>matter),system.@def)
mod(system.@def,peace(icl>state))
mod(peace(icl>state),international)
and(peace(icl>state),security(icl>state))
obj(establish(equ>enact,agt>organization,obj>system).@pred,system.@def)
agt(establish(equ>enact,agt>organization,obj>system).@pred,charter(icl>docum
ent).@def)
mod(charter(icl>document).@def,present(icl>time))
obj(promote(obj>matter),well-being.@def)
mod(well-being.@def,inhabitant(icl>human):02.@pl.@def)
mod(inhabitant(icl>human):02.@pl.@def,territory(icl>area):03.@def.@pl)
[/S]

[S]
;a. to ensure, with due respect for the culture of the peoples concerned,
;their political, economic, social,and educational advancement,
;their just treatment, and their protection against abuses;

smd(ensure(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,"a.")
obj(ensure(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,advancement(equ>progress))
mod(advancement(equ>progress),they:01)
mod(advancement(equ>progress),:01)
enu:01(political.@entry,economic)
enu:01(economic,social)
and:01(social,educational)
obj(ensure(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,treatment)
mod(treatment,they:02)
mod(treatment,just(icl>manner))
obj(ensure(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,protection)
and(treatment,protection)
mod(protection,they:03)
ptn(protection,abuse.@pl)
gol(ensure(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,culture(icl>civilization).@def)
;culture:"culture(icl>civilization)"
mod(culture(icl>civilization).@def,people(icl>human).@pl.@def)
mod(people(icl>human).@pl.@def,concerned(aoj>human,icl>state).@topic)
[/S]

[S]
;b.to develop self-government, to take due account of the political
;aspirationsofthepeoples,andtoassistthemintheprogressive
;developmentoftheirfreepoliticalinstitutions, according to the
;particularcircumstancesofeachterritoryanditspeoplesandtheir
;varyingstagesofadvancement;

smd(develop.@entry.@pred,"b.")
obj(develop.@entry.@pred,self-government(icl>autonomy))
seq(develop.@entry.@pred,take.@pred)
obj(take.@pred,account)
mod(account,due(icl>manner))
mod(account,aspiration(icl>mind).@pl)
mod(aspiration(icl>mind).@pl.@def,people(incl>human).@def.@pl)
mod(aspiration(icl>mind).@pl.@def,political)
and(take.@pred,assist(gol>human,icl>event).@pred)
lpl(assist(gol>human,icl>event).@pred,development(equ>growth).@def)
gol(assist(gol>human,icl>event),they:01)
mod(development(equ>growth).@def,progressive(icl>state))
mod(development(equ>growth).@def,:01)
mod:01(institution(equ>system).@pl.@entry,political);zhuadded@entry
mod(:01,they:02)
mod(:01,free(icl>state))
obj(assist(gol>human,icl>event).@pred.@inf,according)
obj(according,circumstance(icl>situation).@pl)
mod(circumstance(icl>situation).@pl,:02)
and:02(people(icl>human).@pl.@entry,territory(icl>area).@indef);zhureversed
mod:02(people(icl>human).@pl.@entry,it)	;zhuadded@entry,mod->mod:02
and(:02,stage(icl>step).@pl)
mod(stage(icl>step).@pl,varying(icl>state))
mod(stage(icl>step).@pl,advancement(equ>progress))
[/S]

[S]
;c.tofurtherinternationalpeaceandsecurity;

smd(further(equ>enhance).@entry.@pred,"c.");further(equ>enhance)isnewUW
obj(further(equ>enhance).@entry.@pred,:01)
and:01(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state));zhuadded
@entry,reversed
mod(:01,international)
[/S]

[S]
;d.topromoteconstructivemeasuresofdevelopment,toencourage
;research,andtoco-operatewithoneanotherand,whenandwhere
;appropriate,withspecializedinternationalbodieswithaview
;tothepracticalachievementofthesocial,economic,and
;scientificpurposessetforthinthisArticle;and
;

smd(promote(icl>event).@entry.@pred,"d.")
obj(promote(icl>event).@entry.@pred,measure(equ>officialaction).@pl)
aoj(constructive(icl>state),measure(equ>officialaction).@pl)
mod(measure(equ>officialaction).@pl,development(equ>growth))
and(promote(icl>event).@entry.@pred,encourage(icl>event).@pred)
obj(encourage(icl>event).@pred,research)
and(encourage(icl>event).@pred,co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization)
:01.@pred)
cag(co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization):01.@pred,oneanother)
and(encourage(icl>event).@pred,co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization)
:02.@pred)
cag(co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization):02.@pred,:01.@pl)
mod:01(body(incl>organization).@entry,international)
mod(:01.@pl,specialized)
con(co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization):02.@pred,appropriate(icl>s
tate))
man(co-operate(agt>organization,ptn>organization):02.@pred,view(equ>expectat
ion))
obj(view(equ>expectation),:02.@def)
mod:02(achievement(equ>accomplishment).@entry,practical(icl>state))
mod(:02.@def,purpose(icl>thing).@pl)
lpl(setforth.@pred,article(equ>clause).@def)
obj(setforth.@pred,purpose(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(purpose(icl>thing).@pl.@def,:03)
and:03(economic(icl>state),social(icl>state))
and:03(scientific(icl>state).@entry,economic(icl>state));zhureversed

[/S]

;oneanotherandsetfortharenewUW's

[S]
;e.totransmitregularlytotheSecretary-Generalforinformation
;purposes,subjecttosuchlimitationassecurityandconstitutional
;considerationsmayrequire,statisticalandotherinformationof
;atechnicalnaturerelatingtoeconomic,social,andeducational
;conditionsintheterritoriesforwhichtheyarerespectively
;responsibleotherthanthoseterritoriestowhichChaptersXIIand
;XIIIapply.
;

smd(transmit(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,"e.")
ben(transmit(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,secretary-general.@def)
man(transmit(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,regularly(icl>manner))
obj(transmit(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,:01)
con(transmit(gol>human,icl>event).@entry.@pred,:12)
agt:01(relate(icl>relation,obj>matter).@entry,:02)
obj:01(relate(icl>relation,obj>matter).@entry,:05)
and:02(:03.@entry,information:30);zhureversed
mod:02(information:30.@entry,statistical(icl>state))
mod:02(:03.@entry,other)
mod:03(information:31.@entry,:04)
mod:04(nature(icl>character).@entry,technical(icl>state))
lpl:05(condition(equ>circumstances).@entry.@pl,:06)
mod:05(condition(equ>circumstances).@entry.@pl,:11)
mod:06(territory(icl>area).@entry.@pl,:07)
mod:06(territory(icl>area).@entry.@pl,:08)
aoj:07(responsible.@entry,they)
man:07(responsible.@entry,respectively(icl>manner))
agt:08(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry,:09)
mod:09(chapter(icl>document).@entry.@pl,:10)
and:10(13.@entry,12)	;zhureversed
enu:11(economic(icl>state).@entry,social(icl>state))
enu:11(social(icl>state),educational(icl>state))
agt:12(require(icl>event).@entry,:13)
obj:12(require(icl>event).@entry,limitation)
mod:13(:14.@entry,consideration.@pl)
and:14(constitutional(equ>legal).@entry,security)
[/S]

[T]
;		Article74

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,74)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0295>
;MemberoftheUnitedNationsalsoagreethattheirpolicyinrespect
;oftheterritoriestowhichthisChapterapplies,nolessthanin
;respectoftheirmetropolitanareas,mustbebasedonthegeneralprinciple
;ofgood-neighbourliness,dueaccountbeingtakenoftheinterestsand
;well-beingoftherestoftheworld,insocial,economic,andcommercial
;matter

mod(member(icl>country),UnitedNations.@def)
agt(agree(icl>event).@entry.@pred,member(icl>country))
obj(agree(icl>event).@entry.@pred,:01)
man(agree(icl>event).@entry.@pred,also(icl>manner))
mod:01(policy,they)
mod:01(policy,territory(icl>area).@def.@pl)
agt:01(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule),chapter(icl>document).@def)
gol:01(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule),territory(icl>area).@def.@pl)
aoj:01(less(icl>manner),territory(icl>area).@def.@pl)
bas:01(less(icl>manner),area(equ>region,icl>place).@pl)
mod:01(area(equ>region,icl>place).@pl,they)
mod:01(area(equ>region,icl>place).@pl,metropolitan)
agt:01(basedon(icl>event).@entry.@must.@pred,policy)
obj:01(basedon.@entry.@must.@pred,principle(icl>rule).@def)
man:01(basedon.@entry.@must.@pred,considering(icl>manner))
mod:01(principle(icl>rule).@def,general(ant>specific,icl>state))
mod:01(principle(icl>rule).@def,good-neighbor)
obj:01(considering(icl>manner),:02.@def)
and:02(well-being(icl>welfare).@entry,interest.@pl)
mod:01(:02.@def,world.@def)
mod:01(rest.@def,world.@def)
lpl:01(:02,matter(icl>thing).@entry)
and:03(economic(icl>state),social(icl>state))
and:03(commercial(icl>state).@entry,economic(icl>state))
mod:01(matter(icl>thing).@entry,:03);zhuadded@entry

;"dueaccountbeingtaken"ishandledasconsidering
;basedon(icl>event)andwell-being(icl>welfare)arenewUW's

[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch12Unl.txt,byUNL-Spain
;=========================================================================
===
[T]
;<0002-0296>
;CHAPTERXII
;INTERNATIONALTRUSTEESHIPSYSTEM
mod(chapter(icl>document),12)
mod(trusteeship(icl>government),international(icl>state))
mod(system(icl>method).@entry.@title,trusteeship(icl>government))
smd(system(icl>method).@entry.@title,chapter(icl>document))
[/T]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0297>
;Article75
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,75)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0298>
;TheUnitedNationsshallestablishunderitsauthorityaninternational
;trusteeshipsystemfortheadministrationandsupervisionofsuch
;territoriesasmaybeplacedthereunderbysubsequentindividual
agreements.

agt(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@will,United
Nations.@def)
obj(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@will,system(icl>meth
od).@indef)
man(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@will,under(icl>manne
r):01)
obj(under(icl>manner):01,authority(icl>power))
mod(authority(icl>power),it)
mod(trusteeship(icl>government),international(icl>state))
mod(system(icl>method).@indef,trusteeship(icl>government))
and:01(supervision.@entry,administration)
pur(establish(agt>human,obj>organization).@entry.@pred.@will,:01.@def)
mod(:01.@def,territory(icl>area).@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl,such(icl>state))
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,territory(icl>area).@pl)
man(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,under(icl>manner):02)
obj(under(icl>manner):02,system(icl>method).@indef)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@indef,subsequent)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@indef,individual(icl>state))
met(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@indef)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0298>
;*WeunderstandthatanypropernameasUnitedNationsisdefined,
;anditdoesn'tneeda@defattribute.Butanywaywekeepitwithc".@def".
;*Useof"man(XXXX,preposition)obj(preposition,YYYYY)"
;forallprepositionsnotdefinedbyarelation(lpl,opl,met,andsoon).
;*Useofpersonalpronounsinsteadoftheposesivepronounsin
;"mod(authority(icl>power),it)",inthiscasethesemanticreferenceis
"UnitedNations",
;butnever"its",(There'sanexampleintheAugust'97specifications:
;myhouse->"mod(house,I)").
;*Therewasamistakeinourfirstdeliverofthearticles:
;definitionoftheUW"place"as"place.@pred.@may"insteadof
;"place.@pred.@may.@past".
;*The expression: "may be placed there under" is actually analysed as
follows:
;man(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,under(icl>manner))
;obj(under(icl>manner),system(icl>method).@def)
;Notethat"system"isareference.
;Butwehaveanothertwopossibilities(pleasecheckthem):
;1.-man(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,thereunder)
;2.-ben(place(obj>thing,ben>thing).@pred.@may,system)

[/S]


[S]
;<0002-0299>
;Theseterritories are hereinafter referredtoastrustterritories.
obj(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred,territory(icl>area):01.@pl.@top
ic)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@pl.@topic,these)
man(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred,hereinafter(icl>manner))
man(refer(gol>name,obj>thing).@entry.@pred,as(icl>manner))
gol(as(icl>manner),territory(icl>area):02.@generic.@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@generic.@pl,trust(fld>law))

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0299>
;Thepreposition"as"impliestherelation"gol".
;Weconsideritasadifferentcase
;fromtherestofprepositions(without,...).Wekeepit,butweconsider
;thattofollowthegeneralruleisbettertouse"obj".

[/S]

[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0301>
;Article76
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"76")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0302-1>
;The basic objectives of the trusteeship system, in accordance with the
;Purposes of the United Nations laid down in Article 1 of the present
;Chapter, shall be:
mod(objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl,basic(icl>state))
mod(objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
gol(inaccordancewith,purpose(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
mod(purpose(icl>thing).@def.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(laydown.@pred,purpose(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
;###"laiddown"^=@past,but=passive,//Takai

lpl(laydown.@pred,article(icl>contract).@def)
mod(article(icl>contract),"1")
mod(article(icl>contract),chapter(icl>document).@def)
mod(chapter(icl>document).@def,present(icl>state))
aoj(asfollows.@pred.@entry.@insistence,objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
man(asfollows.@pred.@entry.@insistence,inaccordancewith)

;zhu:add a UW likes "asfollows" to complete the sentence.
;Comments to expression <0002-0302-1>
;This change breaks up the conjunction structure,
;and also separate them a in sentence and the rest of the verbal group.
;We don't see the benefits of this representation.
;We accept the UW "in accordance with".
;We accept ".@insistence" (it's a little bit stronger) instead of ".@will"

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0302-2>
;a.tofurtherinternationalpeaceandsecurity;
smd(further(icl>event).@pred.@entry,"a.")
and:04(security(icl>thing).@entry,peace)
mod(:04,international(icl>state))
obj(further(icl>event).@pred.@entry,:04)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0302-2>
;Wehadassumethatthenumbersorothertypesofrepresentation
;markedasquotesarenotdefinedinthedictionaryand
;shallbegeneratedastheyare(forexample:"a.").

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0302-3>
;b.topromotethepolitical,economic,social,andeducational advancement
;oftheinhabitantsofthetrustterritories,andtheirprogressive
;developmenttowardsself-governmentorindependenceasmaybeappropriate
;totheparticularcircumstancesofeachterritoryanditspeoplesandthe
;freelyexpressedwishesofthepeoplesconcerned,andasmaybeprovidedby
;thetermsofeachtrusteeshipagreement;

smd(promote(obj>matter).@pred.@entry,"b.")
obj(promote(obj>matter).@pred.@entry,:08)
man(promote(obj>matter).@pred.@entry,:12)

and:05(educational(icl>state).@entry,social(icl>state))
and:05(social(icl>state),economic)
and:05(economic,political(icl>state))

mod:08(advancement(equ>progress).@generic,:05)
mod:08(advancement(equ>progress).@generic,inhabitant(icl>human).@pl.@def)
mod:08(inhabitant(icl>human).@pl.@def,territory(icl>area):01.@pl.@def)
mod:08(territory(icl>area):01.@pl.@def,trust(fld>law))
and:08(development(icl>progress).@generic.@entry,advancement(equ>progress).@
generic)
mod:08(development(icl>progress).@generic.@entry,progressive(icl>state))
mod:08(development(icl>progress).@generic.@entry,they)
gol:08(development(icl>progress).@generic.@entry,:09)
man:08(development(icl>progress).@generic.@entry,:12)

or:09(independence.@entry,self-government)

mod:10(people(icl>human):01.@pl.@entry,it);vai:territory(reference)->it
mod:10(territory(icl>area):02.@indef,each(icl>state):01)
and:10(people(icl>human):01.@pl.@entry,territory(icl>area):02.@indef)

mod:11(circumstance(icl>situation).@pl.@def,particular(icl>state))
mod:11(circumstance(icl>situation).@pl.@def,:10)
man:11(express(icl>event),freely(icl>manner))
mod:11(people(icl>human).@pl.@def:02,concerned(icl>state))
mod:11(wish(icl>thought).@pl.@def.@entry,people(icl>human).@pl.@def:02)
obj:11(express(icl>event),wish(icl>thought).@pl.@def.@entry)
and:11(wish(icl>thought).@pl.@def.@entry,circumstance(icl>situation).@pl.@d
>ef)
;;1

gol:12(appropriate(icl>state).@pred.@may,:11);vai:newUW!!!
mod:12(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,agreement(icl>contract).@generic)
mod:12(agreement(icl>contract).@generic,trusteeship(icl>government))
mod:12(agreement(icl>contract).@generic,each(icl>state):02)
ins:12(provide(obj>rule).@pred.@may.@entry,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def)
and:12(provide(obj>rule).@pred.@may.@entry,appropriate(icl>state).@pred.@m
ay)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0302-4>
;c.toencouragerespectforhumanrightsandforfundamentalfreedomsfor
;allwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,orreligion,andto
;encouragerecognitionoftheinterdependenceofthepeoplesoftheworld;
;and
smd(encourage(icl>event):02.@pred.@entry,"c.")
and(encourage(icl>event):02.@pred.@entry,encourage(icl>event):01.@pred)
obj(encourage(icl>event):01.@pred,respect(icl>consideration))
and:13(freedom.@pl.@entry,humanrights);vai:NewUW"humanrights"
mod:13(freedom.@pl.@entry,fundamental(icl>state))
obj(respect(icl>consideration),:13)
ben(respect(icl>consideration),all(icl>state))
man(respect(icl>consideration),without(icl>manner))
obj(without(icl>manner),distinction(icl>identify).@generic)
or:15(religion.@entry,language)
or:15(language,sex(icl>state))
or:15(sex(icl>state),race(icl>state))
mod(distinction(icl>identify).@generic,:15)
obj(encourage(icl>event):02.@pred.@entry,recognition)
obj(recognition,interdependence.@def)
mod(interdependence.@def,people(icl>human).@pl.@def)
mod(people(icl>human).@pl.@def,world(icl>area).@def)

;Comments to expression <0002-0302-4>
;The repetion of elements of the same semantical meaning could be replaced
;by one of them.
;Using the relation "and" and the scope mechanism.???

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0302-5>
;d.to ensure equal treatment in social, economic, and commercial matters
;for all Members of the United Nations and their nationals, and also equal
;treatment for the latter in the administration of justice, without
;prejudice to the attainment of the foregoing objectives and subject to the
;provisions of Article 80.
smd(ensure(obj>thing).@entry.@pred,"d.")
obj(ensure(obj>thing).@entry.@pred,:18)
man(ensure(obj>thing).@entry.@pred,:22)

and:18(treatment(gol>human):02.@entry,treatment(gol>human):01)
mod:18(treatment(gol>human):01,equal(icl>state):01)
lpl:18(treatment(gol>human):01,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
mod:18(matter(icl>thing).@pl,:19)
ben:18(treatment(gol>human):01,:21)
ben:18(treatment(gol>human):02.@entry,latter(icl>state).@def)
mod:18(treatment(gol>human):02.@entry,equal(icl>state):02);vai:addinga
wordperreference.!!!
lpl:18(treatment(gol>human):02.@entry,administrationofjustice.@def)
mod:18(treatment(gol>human):02.@entry,also(icl>manner))

and:19(commercial(icl>state).@entry,economic)
and:19(economic,social(icl>state))

and:21(national(icl>human).@pl.@entry,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod:21(member(icl>country).@pl,all(icl>state))
mod:21(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
mod:21(national(icl>human).@pl.@entry,they);vai:member(reference)->
they.!!!
and:22(subject(obj>thing).@pred.@entry,without(icl>manner));vai:newUW
"subject(obj>entity)"!!!!
obj:22(without(icl>manner),prejudice(icl>idea).@pred)
pur:22(prejudice(icl>idea).@pred,attainment.@def)
mod:22(attainment.@def,objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
mod:22(objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl,foregoing)
obj:22(subject(obj>thing).@pred.@entry,provision(icl>law).@pl.@def)
mod:22(provision(icl>law).@pl.@def,article(icl>contract))
mod:22(article(icl>contract),"80")

;Comments for expression: <0002-0302-5>
;How to include the emphatical clause: "also"?.
;Proposal: with the attribute: ".@emphasis" or applying scope
;to the "and" relation, and having a "man(:XX,also).

;zhu: answer to the upon Proposal,
;about "also", there are two expressions we can use for now,
;	to attach attribute "@emphasis" to "treatment:02.@entry",
;		like: treatment:02.@entry.@emphasis
;	to modify "treatment:02.@entry" using "also",
;		like: mod(treatment:02.@entry,also)

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0303>
;Article77
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"77")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0304-1>
;1.Thetrusteeshipsystemshallapplytosuchterritoriesinthefollowing
;categoriesasmaybeplacedthereunderbymeansoftrusteeshipagreements:
smd(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@will,"1.")
;vai:newUW"apply(agt>organization,obj>rule)".!!!!
obj(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@will,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government):01)
gol(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@will,territory(icl>area):01.@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl,such(icl>state))
lpl(territory(icl>area).@pl,category(icl>type).@def.@pl)
mod(category(icl>type).@def.@pl,following(icl>state))
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,territory(icl>area).@pl)
man(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),system(icl>method).@def)
met(place(obj>thing).@pred.@may,agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@generic)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@generic,trusteeship(icl>government):02)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0304-1>
;Sameproblemasexpression<0002-298>:man(place,under)...
;Sameproblemasexpression<0002-302-1>:breakupoftheconjunctive
sentence.

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0304-2>
;a.territoriesnowheldundermandate;
smd(territory(icl>area).@pl.@generic.@entry,"a.")
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl.@generic.@entry,hold(equ>keep).@pred);vai:new
UW"hold(equ>keep)".!!!
tim(hold(equ>keep).@pred,now(icl>time))
man(hold(equ>keep).@pred,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),mandate(icl>authority).@generic)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0304-3>
;b.territorieswhichmaybedetachedfromenemystatesasaresultofthe
;SecondWorldWar;and
smd(territory(icl>area):03.@generic.@pl.@entry,"b.")
obj(detach(icl>event).@pred.@may,territory(icl>area).@generic.@pl.@entry)
src(detach(icl>event).@pred.@may,state(icl>country).@generic.@pl)
mod(state(icl>country).@generic.@pl,enemy(icl>state))
man(detach(icl>event).@pred.@may,as(icl>manner))
gol(as(icl>manner),result(icl>phenomenon).@indef)
mod(result(icl>phenomenon).@indef,SecondWorldWar.@def)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0304-3>:
;Thepreposition"as"isrepresentedusing"gol(as,XXX)",
;whileeachnon-relation-associated
;prepositionuse"obj".Thisdifferenceappearsinotherssentences.

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0304-4>
;c.territories voluntarily placed under the system by states responsible
;for their administration.
smd(territory(icl>area).@generic.@pl.@entry,"c.")
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred,territory(icl>area).@generic.@pl.@entry)
man(place(obj>thing).@pred,under(icl>manner))
mod(under(icl>manner),system(icl>method).@def)
man(place(obj>thing).@pred,voluntarily(icl>manner))
cau(place(obj>thing).@pred,state(icl>country).@generic.@pl)
aoj(responsible(aoj>human,icl>state),state(icl>country).@generic.@pl)
gol(responsible(aoj>human,icl>state),administration)
mod(administration,they);vai:possesive(their)->personal(they)

;Comment/"statesresponsiblefortheiradministration";post-modifyingADJ
ishereregardedasasemi-relativeclauseasabove.//Takai//

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0305>
;2.Itwillbeamatterforsubsequentagreementastowhichterritoriesin
;theforegoingcategorieswillbebroughtunderthetrusteeshipsystemand
;uponwhatterms.
smd(matter(icl>thing).@entry.@pred.@future,"2.")
aoj(matter(icl>thing).@entry.@pred.@future,bring(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.
@future)
pur(matter(icl>thing).@entry.@pred.@future,agreement(icl>contract).@indef)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@indef,subsequent)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl.@def,which)
lpl(territory(icl>area).@pl.@def,category(icl>type).@pl.@def)
mod(category(icl>type).@pl.@def,foregoing)
obj(bring(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.@future,territory(icl>area).@def)
gol(bring(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.@future,under(icl>state))
obj(under(icl>state),system(icl>method).@def)
man(bring(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.@future,upon)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
obj(upon,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def)
mod(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,what(icl>state));vai:newUW
"term(equ>condition)"!!!!
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0306>
;Article78
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"78")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0307>
;The trusteeship system shall not apply to territories which have become
;Members of the United Nations, relationship among which shall be based on
;respect for the principle of sovereign equality.
obj(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@future.@not,system(icl>method).@
def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
gol(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@entry.@pred.@future.@not,territory(icl>area).
@generic.@pl)
obj(become(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.@state,territory(icl>area).@generic.@
>pl)
gol(become(gol>state,obj>thing).@pred.@state,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
man(relationship,among);	;vai:man???.
obj(among,territory(icl>area).@generic.@pl)
aoj(based(icl>state).@pred.@will,relationship)
lpl(based(icl>state).@pred.@will,respect(icl>consideration))
obj(respect(icl>consideration),principle(icl>rule).@def)
mod(principle(icl>rule).@def,equality)
mod(equality,sovereign(icl>state))

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0307>:
;The"man"relationin"man(realtionship,among)"iscontradictory
;withthelastspecifications
;because"manneristherelationbetweenaneventorstateandastateor
;manner".
;TheUW"relationship"isn'tclearlyaneventorastate.

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0308>
;Article79
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"79")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0309>
;The terms of trusteeship for each territory to be placed under the
;trusteeship system, including any alteration or amendment, shall be agreed
;upon by the states directly concerned, including the mandatary power in the
;case of territories held under mandate by a Member of the United Nations,
;and shall be approved as provided for in Articles 83 and 85.
mod(term(equ>condition).@def.@pl,trusteeship(icl>government):01)
pur(term(equ>condition).@def.@pl,territory(icl>area):01.@generic)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@generic,each(icl>state))
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred,term(equ>condition).@def.@pl)
man(place(obj>thing).@pred,under(icl>manner):01)
mod(under(icl>manner):01,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government):02)
or:01(amendment.@indef.@entry,alteration.@indef)
mod(:01,any(icl>state))
obj(including:01,:01)
mod(term(equ>condition).@def.@pl,including:01)
and(approve(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,agree(agt>human).@pred.@will)
obj(approve(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,term(equ>condition).@def.@pl)
man(approve(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,provide(obj>rule).@pred)
obj(agree(agt>human).@pred.@will,term(equ>condition).@def.@pl)
agt(agree(agt>human).@pred.@will,state(icl>country).@pl.@def)
mod(state(icl>country).@pl.@def,concerned(icl>state))
man(concerned(icl>state),directly(icl>manner))
mod(state(icl>country).@pl.@def,including:02)
obj(including:02,power)
mod(power.@def,mandatary)
con(including:02,case.@def)
mod(case.@def,hold(equ>keep).@pred)
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@pl.@generic,hold(equ>keep).@pred)
man(hold(equ>keep).@pred,under(icl>manner):02)
obj(under(icl>manner):02,mandate(icl>authority))
agt(hold(equ>keep).@pred,member(icl>country).@indef)
mod(member(icl>country).@indef,UnitedNations.@def)
lpl(provide(obj>rule).@pred,article(icl>contract).@pl.@def)
and:02("85".@entry,"83")
mod(article(icl>contract).@pl.@def,:02)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0309>:
;Wedon'tunderstandtheuseofincluding,whiletherestoftheexpressions
are
;representedusing"include.@pred".Fromourgenerationpointofviewthis
construction
;using"including"isnotaproblem,butit'smoreformaltouse
"include.@pred".
[/S]

[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0310>
;Article80
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"80")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0311>
;1.Except as may be agreed upon in individual trusteeship agreements, made
;under Articles 77, 79, and 81, placing each territory under the trusteeship
;system, and until such agreements have been concluded, nothing in this
;Chapter shall be construed in or of itself to alter in any manner the
;rights whatsoever of any states or any peoples or the terms of existing
;international instruments to which Members of the United Nations may
;respectively be parties.

obj(except,agree(agt>human).@pred.@may)
lpl(agree(agt>human).@pred.@may,agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic)
mod(agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic,trusteeship(icl>government):01)
mod(trusteeship(icl>government):01,individual(icl>state))
obj(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred,agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic)
man(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),article(icl>contract).@pl)
and:01("81".@entry,"79")
and:01("79","77")
mod(article(icl>contract).@pl,:01)
cau(place(obj>thing).@pred,agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl,@generic)
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred,territory(icl>area))
mod(territory(icl>area),each(icl>state))
lpl(place(obj>thing).@pred,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government):02)
smd(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,"1.")
man(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,except)
tmt(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,conclude(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@state)
obj(conclude(agt>human,icl>event).@pred.@state,agreement(icl>contract):02.@p
l.@generic)
obj(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,nothing)
mod(agreement(icl>contract):02.@pl.@generic,such(icl>state))
lpl(nothing,chapter(icl>document))
mod(chapter(icl>document),this(icl>state))
or:03(of.@entry,in(icl>manner))
obj(:03,it);vai:wereplacethereference"chapter"withthepersonal
pronoum!!!
man(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,:03)
gol(construe.@entry.@pred.@will,alter(icl>event).@pred)
man(alter(icl>event).@pred,manner(equ>method))
obj(alter(icl>event).@pred,:04)
mod(manner(equ>method),any(icl>state):01)
or:05(people(icl>human).@generic.@entry,state(icl>country).@generic)
mod:05(state(icl>country).@generic,any(icl>state):02)
mod:05(people(icl>human).@generic,any(icl>state):03)
or:04(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def.@entry,right(icl>thing).@pl.@def)
mod:04(right(icl>thing).@pl.@def,whatsoever)
mod:04(right(icl>thing).@pl.@def,:05)
mod:04(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,instrument(icl>method).@pl.@generic)
mod:04(instrument(icl>method).@pl.@generic,existing(icl>state))
mod:04(instrument(icl>method).@pl.@generic,international(icl>state))
aoj:04(party(icl>human).@pred.@pl.@may,member(icl>country).@pl)
man:04(party(icl>human).@pred.@pl.@may,respectively)
mod:04(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
gol:04(party(icl>human).@pred.@pl.@may,instrument(icl>method))

;Commentstoexpression:<0002-0311>
;Wedon'tseetheexpression"inorof"asanUW.

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0312>
;2.Paragraph1ofthis Article shallnotbeinterpretedasgivinggrounds
;fordelayorpostponementofthenegotiationandconclusionofagreements
;forplacingmandatedandotherterritoriesunderthetrusteeshipsystemas
;providedforinArticle77.
smd(interpret(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will.@not,"2.")
obj(interpret(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will.@not,paragraph(icl>document))
mod(paragraph(icl>document),"1")
mod(paragraph(icl>document),article(icl>contract):01)
mod(article(icl>contract):01,this(icl>state))
gol(interpret(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@future.@not,give(icl>event).@pred)
obj(give(icl>event).@pred,ground(icl>land).@pl)
gol(give(icl>event).@pred,:01)
or:01(postponement.@entry,delay(icl>situation));vai:thisUW
("postponement")isnotdeclaredinUW.TXT!!!
mod(:01,:02)
and:02(conclusion.@entry,negotiation)
mod(:02,agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@generic)
pur(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@generic,place(obj>thing).@pred)
obj(place(obj>thing).@pred,territory(icl>area).@pl)
and:03(other(icl>state).@entry,mandated)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl,:03)
lpl(place(obj>thing).@pred,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
man(place(obj>thing).@pred,as(icl>manner))
gol(as(icl>manner),provide(obj>rule).@pred)
lpl(provide(obj>rule).@pred,article(icl>contract):02)
mod(article(icl>contract):02,"77")
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0313>
;Article81
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"81")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0314>
;The trusteeship agreement shall in each case include the terms under which
;the trust territory will be administered and designate the authority which
;will exercise the administration of the trust territory.

and(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,include(icl>event).@pred.@will)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
lpl(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,agreement(icl>contract).@def)
lpl(include(icl>event).@pred.@will,agreement(icl>contract).@def)
obj(include(icl>event).@pred.@will,term(equ>condition).@def.@pl)
con(include(icl>event).@pred.@will,case)
;vai:whynot"man(include,inanycase)"???!!!	;zhu:possible!
mod(case,each(icl>state))
lpl(administer(obj>thing).@pred.@future,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),term(equ>condition).@def.@pl)
obj(administer(obj>thing).@pred.@future,territory(icl>area):01.@def)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@def,trust(fld>law):01)
obj(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,authority(icl>power).@def)
agt(exercise(obj>power).@pred.@future,authority(icl>power).@def)
obj(exercise(obj>power).@pred.@future,administration.@def)
mod(administration.@def,territory(icl>area):02.@def)
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@def,trust(fld>law):02)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0315>
;Suchauthority,hereinafter calledtheadministeringauthority,maybeone
;ormorestatesortheOrganizationitself.
aoj(:01.@entry.@pred,authority(icl>power):01)
mod(authority(icl>power):01,such(icl>state))
obj(call(icl>designate).@pred,authority(icl>power):01);vai:newUW
"call(icl>designate)"!!!!
man(call(icl>designate).@pred,hereinafter)
gol(call(icl>designate).@pred,authority(icl>power):02.@def)
agt(administer(obj>thing).@pred,authority(icl>power):02.@def)
or:02(more(icl>quantity).@entry,1)
mod:01(state(icl>country).@indef,:02)
mod:01(organization.@entry.@def,itself)
or:01(organization.@entry.@def,state(icl>country).@indef)

;Commentstoexpression<0002-0315>
;WekeeptheUW"itself"herebecauseisdifferenttotheone
;inexpression<0002-0310>,inthispointisnotareference.

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0316>
;Article82
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"82")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0317>
;There may be designated, in any trusteeship agreement, a strategic area or
;areas which may include part or all of the trust territory to which the
;agreement applies, without prejudice to any special agreement or agreements
;made under Article 43.

mod:01(area(icl>place):02.@indef,strategic)
or:01(area(icl>place):01.@pl.@indef.@entry,area(icl>place):02.@indef)
obj(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,:01)
lpl(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,agreement(icl>contract):01)
mod(agreement(icl>contract):01,trusteeship(icl>government))
mod(agreement(icl>contract):01,any(icl>state):01)
lpl(include(icl>event).@pred.@may,:01)
or:02(all(icl>state).@entry,part(icl>quantity))
obj(include(icl>event).@pred.@may,:02)
mod(:02,territory(icl>area).@def)
mod(territory(icl>area).@def,trust(fld>law))
gol(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@pred,territory(icl>area).@def)
obj(apply(gol>thing,obj>rule).@pred,agreement(icl>contract):02.@def)
man(designate(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,without(icl>manner))
obj(without(icl>manner),prejudice(icl>idea).@generic)
gol(prejudice(icl>idea).@generic,:03)
or:03(agreement(icl>contract):03.@pl.@indef.@entry,agreement(icl>contract):0
4.@indef)
mod:03(agreement(icl>contract):04.@indef,special(icl>state))
mod:03(agreement(icl>contract):04.@indef,any(icl>state):02)
obj(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred,:03)
lpl(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred,article(icl>contract))
mod(article(icl>contract),"43")
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0318>
;Article83
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"83")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0319>
;1.All functions of the United Nations relating to strategic areas,
;including the approval of the terms of the trusteeship agreements and of
;their alteration or amendment shall be exercised by the Security Council.
smd(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@will,"1.")
agt(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@will,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@will,function(icl>role).@topic.@pl)
mod(function(icl>role).@topic.@pl,all(icl>state))
mod(function(icl>role).@topic.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(relate(icl>event).@pred,function(icl>role).@topic.@pl)
lpl(function(icl>role).@topic.@pl,include(icl>event).@pred)
;vai:->alsocouldbe"man"???!!!
gol(relate(icl>event).@pred,area(icl>place).@pl.@generic)
mod(area(icl>place).@pl.@generic,strategic)
obj(include(icl>event).@pred,approval.@def)
or:01(amendment.@entry,alteration)
mod:02(:01.@entry,they)
and:02(:01.@entry,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def)
mod:02(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@def)
mod:02(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@def,trusteeship(icl>government))
obj(approval.@def,:02)
;vai:approvalisnotanevent,shouldbe"approve.@pred"
;orusethe"mod"relation.

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0320>
;2.ThebasicobjectivessetforthinArticle76shallbeapplicabletothe
;peopleofeachstrategic area.
smd(applicable(icl>state).@entry.@pred.@will,"2.")
aoj(applicable(icl>state).@entry.@pred.@will,objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl)
obj(setforth(obj>thing).@pred,objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl);newUW
-->"setforth(obj>entity)"!!!!
mod(objective(icl>thing).@def.@pl,basic(icl>state))
lpl(setforth(obj>thing).@pred,article(icl>contract).@def)
mod(article(icl>contract).@def,"76")
ben(applicable(icl>state).@entry.@pred.@will,people(icl>human).@def)
mod(people(icl>human).@def,area(icl>place))
mod(area(icl>place),each(icl>state))
mod(area(icl>place),strategic)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0321>
;3.The Security Council shall, subject to theprovisions of the
;trusteeship agreements and without prejudice to security considerations,
;avail itself of the assistance of the Trusteeship Council to perform those
;functions of the United Nations under the trusteeship system relating to
;political, economic, social, and educational matters in the strategic areas.

smd(avail(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,"3.")
agt(avail(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(avail(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,assistance.@def)
pur(avail(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,perform(obj>duty).@pred)
man(avail(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,subject(obj>thing).@pred)
gol(subject(obj>thing).@pred,provision(icl>law).@pl.@def)
man(subject(obj>thing).@pred,without(icl>manner))
obj(without(icl>manner),prejudice(icl>idea))
gol(prejudice(icl>idea),consideration(icl>thought).@pl)
mod(consideration(icl>thought).@pl,security(icl>thing))
mod(provision(icl>law).@pl.@def,agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@def)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl.@def,trusteeship(icl>government):01)
agt(assistance.@def,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
obj(perform(obj>duty).@pred,function(icl>role).@pl)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl,those)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
lpl(perform(obj>duty).@pred,system(icl>method).@def)
mod(system(icl>method).@def,trusteeship(icl>government):02)
;mod(function(icl>role).@pl,relate(icl>event).@pred);Wrongmodification
obj(relate(icl>event).@pred,system(icl>method).@def);Correction//Takai
gol(relate(icl>event).@pred,matter(icl>thing))
and:01(educational(icl>state).@entry,social(icl>state))
and:01(social(icl>state),economic)
and:01(economic,political(icl>state))
mod(matter(icl>thing).@pl,:01)
lpl(matter(icl>thing).@pl,area(icl>place).@pl.@def)
mod(area(icl>place).@pl.@def,strategic)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0322>
;Article84
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"84")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0323>
;Itshallbethedutyoftheadministeringauthoritytoensurethatthe
;trustterritoryshallplayitspartinthemaintenanceofinternational
;peaceandsecurity.
aoj(duty(equ>obligation).@entry.@pred.@will.@def,ensure(obj>thing).@pred)
mod(duty(equ>obligation).@entry.@pred.@will.@def,authority(icl>power).@def)
agt(administer(obj>thing),authority(icl>power).@def)
obj(ensure(obj>thing).@pred,play(agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@will)
agt(play(agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@will,territory(icl>area).@def)
mod(territory(icl>area).@def,trust(fld>law))
obj(play(agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@will,part(icl>role))
;mod(part(icl>role),territory(icl>area).@def);Thisanaphoraistooheavy
mod(part(icl>role),it)
lpl(play(agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@will,maintenance(obj>state).@def)
and:01(security(icl>thing).@entry,peace)
mod(:01,international(icl>state))
obj(maintenance(obj>state).@def,:01)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0324>
;To  this end the administering authority may make use of volunteer forces,
;facilities, and assistance from the trust territory in carrying out the
;obligations towards the Security Council undertaken in this regard by the
;administering authority, as well as for local defense and the maintenance
;of law and order within the trust territory.
agt(makeuseof.@entry.@pred.@may,authority(icl>power):01.@def)
man(makeuseof.@entry.@pred.@may,end(icl>purpose));pur->man
pur(makeuseof.@entry.@pred.@may,:05)
obj(makeuseof.@entry.@pred.@may,:01)
agt(administer(obj>thing):01,authority(icl>power):01.@def)
mod(end(icl>purpose),this(icl>state):01)
and:01(assistance.@entry,facility(icl>equipment).@pl)
and:01(facility(icl>equipment).@pl,force(icl>human).@pl)
mod:01(force(icl>human).@pl,volunteer(icl>state))
src(:01,territory(icl>area):01.@def)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@def,trust(fld>law):01)
and:04(maintenance(obj>state).@def.@entry,defense(fld>military))
mod:04(defense(fld>military),local(icl>state))
obj:04(maintenance(obj>state).@def.@entry,lawandorder)
lpl:04(maintenance(obj>state).@def.@entry,territory(icl>area):02.@def)
mod:04(territory(icl>area).@def:02,trust(fld>law):02)
and:05(:04.@entry,carryout.@pred)
obj:05(carryout.@pred,obligation.@pl.@def)
obj:05(undertake(obj>responsibility).@pred,obligation.@pl.@def)
gol:05(undertake(obj>responsibility).@pred,SecurityCouncil)
agt:05(undertake(obj>responsibility).@pred,authority(icl>power):02.@def)
agt:05(administer(obj>thing):02,authority(icl>power):02.@def)
lpl:05(undertake(obj>responsibility).@pred,regard(icl>point))
mod:05(regard(icl>point),this(icl>state):02)
[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0325>
;Article85
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"85")
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0326>
;1.The functions of the United Nations with regard to trusteeship
;agreements for all are as not designated as strategic, including the
;approval of the terms of the trusteeship agreements and of their alteration
;or amendment, shall be exercised by the General Assembly.
smd(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@pred.@will,"1.")
agt(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@pred.@will,GeneralAssembly.@def)
obj(exercise(obj>power).@entry.@pred.@pred.@will,function(icl>role).@pl.@def
.@topic)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl.@def.@topic,UnitedNations.@def)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl.@def.@topic,regard(icl>point))
gol(regard(icl>point),agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic)
mod(agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic,trusteeship(icl>government):01)
ben(agreement(icl>contract):01.@pl.@generic,area(icl>place).@pl)
mod(area(icl>place).@pl,all(icl>state))
;mod(area(icl>place).@pl,designate(icl>event).@pred.@not);Correction
//Takai
obj(designate(icl>event).@pred.@not,area(icl>place).@pl)
;man(designate(icl>event).@pred.@not,as(icl>manner))
gol(designate(icl>event).@pred.@not,as(icl>manner));Relationman-->gol
gol(as(icl>manner),strategic)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl.@def.@topic,include(icl>event).@pred)
obj(include(icl>event).@pred,approval.@def)
mod(approval.@def,:02)
or:01(amendment.@entry,alteration)
mod:02(:01.@entry,they)
and:02(:01.@entry,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def)
mod:02(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,agreement(icl>contract):02.@pl.@def)
mod:02(agreement(icl>contract):02.@pl.@def,trusteeship(icl>government):02)
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0327>
;2.The Trusteeship Council, operating under the authority of the General
;Assembly shall assist theGeneral Assembly in carrying out these functions.
smd(assist(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,"2.")
agt(assist(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
agt(operate(agt>organization).@pred,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
man(operate(agt>organization).@pred,under(icl>manner))
obj(under(icl>manner),authority(icl>power).@def)
mod(authority(icl>power).@def,GeneralAssembly:01.@def)

ben(assist(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,GeneralAssembly:02.@def)
obj(assist(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@will,carryout.@pred)
;;;;"assistsbindoing"whatisobjtoassist??//Takai

obj(carryout.@pred,function(icl>role).@pl)
mod(function(icl>role).@pl,these)
[/S]
[/P]

;;

:Ch13Unl.txt,byUNL-Jordan
[T]
;<0002-0328>
mod(chapter(icl>document),XIII)
smd(TrusteeshipCouncil.@def.@entry,chapter(icl>document))
[/T]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0329>
[W]	;zhu:foraword,using[W]-[/W]toencloseit
composition(icl>structure).@entry
[/W}
[/T]

[T]
;<0002-0330>
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,86)
[/T]

;zhu:forthefollowingsentence<0002-0331>,
;it'sbettertobreakupitintoseveralsentences,
;then,thegenerationwillbeeasiertohandle.
;
[S]
;<0002-0331-1>
;1.TheTrusteeshipCouncilshallconsistofthefollowingmembersof
;theUnitedNations:
smd(consistof.@will.@entry.@pred,"1.")
obj(consistof.@will.@entry.@pred,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
mat(consistof.@will.@entry.@pred,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,following(icl>state))
pof(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0331-2>
;a.thoseMembersadministeringtrustterritories;

smd(member(icl>country).@pl.@entry,"a.")
agt(administer(obj>thing),member(icl>country).@pl.@entry)
;###"administering"^=@progress,but=participial//Takai
mod(member(icl>country).@pl.@entry,those)
obj(administer(obj>thing),territory(icl>area).@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl,trust(fld>law))

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0331-3>
;comments:
;zhu:for<0002-0331-3>,usingUW"such(icl>thing)"ofpronoun"such",

;b.suchofthoseMembersmentionedbynameinArticle23as are not
;administeringtrustterritories;and
smd(such(icl>thing).@entry,"b.")
pof(such(icl>thing).@entry,member(icl>country).@pl)
lpl(mention(obj>thing).@pred.@present,article(icl>contract))
obj(mention(obj>thing).@pred.@present,member(icl>country).@pl)
met(mention(obj>thing).@pred.@present,name(icl>thing))
mod(article(icl>contract),23)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl,trust(fld>law))
agt(administer(obj>thing).@not,such(icl>thing).@entry)
obj(administer(obj>thing).@not,territory(icl>area).@pl)
[/S]


[S]
;<0002-0331-4>
;c.asmanyotherMemberselectedforthree-yeartermsbytheGeneral
>Assembly
;asmaybenecessarytoensurethatthetotalnumberofmembersofthe
;TrusteeshipCouncilisequallydividedbetweenthoseMembersofthe
;UnitedNationswhichadministertrustterritoriesandthosewhichdonot.

smd(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@entry,"c.")
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@entry,other(icl>state))
man(many(icl>state),as(icl>manner):01)
qua(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@entry,many(icl>state))
;zhu:fortheupontwolines,alsocanuse"asmany"asaUW??
mod(member(icl>country):01.@pl.@entry,as(icl>manner):02)
agt(elect(obj>human).@pred.@present,GeneralAssembly.@def)
obj(elect(obj>human).@pred.@present,member(icl>country):01.@pl.@entry)
pur(elect(obj>human).@pred.@present,term(icl>period).@pl)
mod(term(icl>period).@pl,year(icl>time))
qua(year(icl>time),3);Takai
;gol(elect(obj>human).@pred.@present,ensure.@pred)
gol(as(icl>manner):02,necessary(icl>state).@pred)
gol(necessary(icl>state).@pred,ensure.@pred);zhuadded
obj(ensure.@pred,divide(obj>number).@pred.@present);zhu:added
mod(member(icl>country):02.@pl,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
mod(number(icl>amount).@def,member(icl>country):02.@pl)
;zhu:or,
;qua(member(icl>country):02.@pl,number(icl>amount).@def)
mod(number(icl>amount).@def,total(icl>state))

man(divide(obj>number).@pred.@present,equally)
obj(divide(obj>number).@pred.@present,number(icl>amount).@def)
gol(divide(obj>number).@pred.@present,between(icl>manner));Takai
obj(between(icl>manner),:01);Takai
pof:01(member(icl>country):03.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
agt:01(administer(obj>thing),member(icl>country):03.@pl)
obj:01(administer(obj>thing),territory(icl>area).@pl)
mod:01(territory(icl>area).@pl,trust(fld>law))
mod:01(member(icl>country):03.@pl,those:01)
and:01(those:02.@entry,member(icl>country):03.@pl)
agt:01(do(obj>action).@not,those:02.@entry)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0332>
;2.EachmemberoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshalldesignateonespecially
;qualifiedpersontorepresentittherein.

smd(designate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@obligation,"2.")
agt(designate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@obligation,member(icl>country))
obj(designate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@obligation,person(icl>human))
;pur(designate(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@obligation,represent(icl>event));zhu
:commentout??
mod(member(icl>country),each(icl>state))
pof(member(icl>country),TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
qua(person(icl>human),1)
aoj(qualified(icl>state),person(icl>human))
mod(qualified(icl>state),specially(icl>manner))
agt(represent(icl>event),person(icl>human))
obj(represent(icl>event),it)
ppl(represent(icl>event),therein)

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0333>
;FUNCTIONSANDPOWERS
and(power(equ>authority).@pl.@entry,function(icl>role).@pl)
[/T]
[T]
;<0002-0334>
;Article87
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,87)
[/T]

[S]
;zhu:breakupthissentence<0002-0335>
;<0002-0335-1>
;The General Assembly and, under its authority, the Trusteeship Council,
;in carrying out their functions, may:

and:01(TrusteeshipCouncil.@def.@entry,GeneralAssembly.@def)
lpl:01(TrusteeshipCouncil.@def.@entry,under(icl>manner))
obj:01(under(icl>manner),authority(icl>power));zhu:ppl->obj,other
partnersuseobj
mod:01(authority(icl>power),it);zhu:it->GeneralAssembly
obj(carryout.@pred,function(icl>role).@pl);zhu:added
mod(function(icl>role).@pl,they);zhu:added,their->they
pur(do(obj>action).@pred.@entry,carryout.@pred);zhu:added
obj(do(obj>action).@pred.@entry,asfollows)
;zhu:added

[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0335-2>
;a.considerreportssubmittedbytheadministeringauthority;

smd(consider.@pred.@entry,"a.");
obj(consider.@pred.@entry,report(icl>document).@pl)
obj(submit(obj>document).@pred,report(icl>document).@pl)
agt(submit(obj>document).@pred,authority(icl>power))
agt(administer(obj>thing).@pred,authority(icl>power))
[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0335-3>
;b.accept petitions and examine them in consultation with the
administering
;authority;

smd(examine.@entry,"b.")
seq(examine.@entry,accept.@pred)
obj(examine.@entry,they)
man(examine.@entry,consultation)
gol(consultation,authority(icl>power).@def)
obj(accept.@pred,petition(icl>document).@pl)
agt(administer(obj>thing).@pred,authority(icl>power).@def)

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0335-4>
;c.provideforperiodicvisitstotherespectivetrustterritoriesat
times
;agreeduponwiththeadministeringauthority;and

smd(providefor(obj>event).@pred.@entry,"c.");
obj(providefor(obj>event).@pred.@entry,visit(icl>event).@pl)
;gol(providefor(obj>event).@pred,territory(icl>area).@pl.@def);
obj(visit(icl>event).@pl,territory(icl>area).@pl.@def);
tim(providefor(obj>event).@pred,time)
mod(visit(icl>event).@pl,periodic(icl>state))
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl.@def,trust(fld>law))
;aoj(respective,territory(icl>area).@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area).@pl.@def,respective);zhu:better??
obj(agree(agt>human).@pred.@present,time);addedTakai
ptn(agree(agt>human).@pred.@present,authority(icl>power).@def)
agt(administer(obj>thing),authority(icl>power).@def);

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0335-5>
;d.take these and other actions in conformity with the terms of the
;trusteeship agreements.

smd(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry,"d.")
obj(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry,:01)
man(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred.@entry,inconformitywith)
;zhu:conformity->inconformitywith
mod:01(action.@pl.@entry,other(icl>state))
;and(other(icl>state),these);
and:01(action.@pl.@entry,these)
;cag(take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def);
gol(inconformitywith,term(equ>condition).@pl.@def)
mod(term(equ>condition).@pl.@def,agreement(icl>contract).@pl)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl,trusteeship(icl>government):01.@def)

[/S]
[/P]


[P]
[T]
;<0002-0336>
;Article88
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,88)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0337>
;The Trusteeship Council shall formulate a questionnaire on the political,
;economic, social, and educational advancement of the inhabitants of each
;trust territory, and the administering authority for each trust territory
;within the competence of the General Assembly shall make an annual report
>to
;the General Assembly upon the basis of such questionnaire.

agt(formulate.@pred.@will,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
obj(formulate.@pred.@will,questionnaire:01.@indef);
mod(questionnaire:01.@indef,advancement.@def)
and:01(educational(icl>state).@entry,social(icl>state))
and:01(social(icl>state),economic(icl>state))
and:01(economic(icl>state),political(icl>state))
mod(advancement.@def,:01)
mod(advancement.@def,inhabitant(icl>human).@pl)
mod(inhabitant(icl>human).@pl,territory(icl>area):01.@pl)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@pl,trust(fld>law):01)
mod(territory(icl>area):01.@pl,each(icl>state):01)

and(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry,formulate.@pred.@will)
;zhu:added,tolinkwiththeprevierparts

agt(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry,authority(icl>power).@def)
obj(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry,report(agt>organization,obj
>information).@indef)
gol(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will,GeneralAssembly:02.@def)
man(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will,basis)
;"on(upon)thebasisof"Takai
agt(administer(obj>thing),authority(icl>power).@def)
mod(report(agt>organization,obj>information).@indef,annual(icl>frequency))
ben(authority(icl>power).@def,territory(icl>area):02.@pl);zhu:->mod??
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@pl,trust(fld>law):02)
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@pl,each(icl>state):02)
mod(territory(icl>area):02.@pl,within(icl>state))
lpl(within(icl>state),competence(fld>law).@def)
;zhu:or,
;lpl(territory(icl>area):02.@pl,competence(fld>law).@def)
mod(competence(fld>law).@def,GeneralAssembly:01.@def)
mod(basis,questionnaire:02)
mod(questionnaire:02,such(icl>state));

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0338>
;VOTING
[W]
;;voting.@entry
[/W]
[/T]
[T]
;<0002-0339>
;Article89
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,89)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0340>
;1.EachmemberoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshallhaveonevote.

smd(have(equ>own).@pred.@will.@entry,"1.")
agt(have(equ>own).@pred.@will.@entry,member(icl>country))
obj(have(equ>own).@pred.@will.@entry,vote(icl>thing))
pof(member(icl>country).@pl,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
qua(vote(icl>thing),1)
mod(member(icl>country),each(icl>state));

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0341>
;2.DecisionsoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshallbemadebyamajorityofthe
;memberspresentandvoting.

smd(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry.@preseent,"2.")
agt(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry.@preseent,majority(icl>prop
ortion))
obj(make(agt>human,obj>thing).@pred.@will.@entry.@preseent,decision(icl>thin
g).@pl);
agt(decision(icl>thing).@pl,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
pof(majority(icl>proportion),member(icl>country).@pl.@def)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl.@def,:01)
and:01(vote(icl>action).@pred.@entry,present(aoj>human,icl>existence).@pred)

[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0342>
;PROCEDURE
[W]
;;procedure(equ>process).@entry
[/W]
[/T]
[T]
;<0002-0343>
;Article90
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,90)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0344>
;1.TheTrusteeshipCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure,
;includingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.

smd(adopt(obj>method).@pred.@will.@entry,"1.")
agt(adopt(obj>method).@pred.@will.@entry,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
obj(adopt(obj>method).@pred.@will.@entry,rule(icl>method).@pl)
mod(rule(icl>method).@pl,own(icl>state))
mod(rule(icl>method).@pl,procedure(equ>process))
mod(rule(icl>method).@pl,it:01);zhu:added
pof(rule(icl>method).@pl,method.@def);"including"->POF/Takai
mod(method.@def,select(icl>event).@pred)
obj(select(icl>event).@pred,president(icl>human))
mod(president(icl>human),it:02);added:Takai

[/S]

[S]
;<0002-0345>
;2.The Trusteeship Council shall meet as required in accordance with its
;rules, which shall include provision for the convening of meetings on
;the request of a majority of its members.

agt(meet(obj>meeting).@pred.@will.@entry,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
man(meet(obj>meeting).@pred.@will.@entry,as(icl>manner))
obj(as(icl>manner),require(gol>activity,obj>human))
man(require(gol>activity,obj>human),inaccordancewith)
;zhu:accordance->inaccordancewith??
gol(inaccordancewith,rule(icl>method).@pl);
mod(rule(icl>method).@pl,it:01)
lpl(include(icl>event).@pred.@will,rule(icl>method).@pl)
obj(include(icl>event).@pred.@will,provision(icl>law))
pur(provision(icl>law),convene.@def)
obj(convene.@def,meeting(equ>assembly))
pur(convene.@def,request(icl>thing).@def)
agt(request(icl>thing).@def,majority(icl>proportion))
pof(majority(icl>proportion),member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,it:02)

[/S]
[/P]

[P]
[T]
;<0002-0346>
;Article91
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry,91)
[/T]

[S]
;<0002-0347>
;The Trusteeship Council shall, when appropriate, avail itself of
;the assistance of the Economic and Social Council and of the specialized
;agencies in regard to matters with which they are respectively concerned.

;zhu:avail->availoneselfof??
agt(avail(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@will,TrusteeshipCouncil.@def)
tim(avail(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@will,appropriate(icl>state))
;obj(avail(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@will,itself);
obj(avail(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@will,assistance.@def)
man(avail(icl>event).@pred.@entry.@will,inregardto);takai
gol(inregardto,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
and:01(agency(icl>organization).@pl.@entry.@def,EconomicandSocial
Council.@def)
mod:01(agency(icl>organization).@pl.@entry.@def,specialized)
agt(assistance.@def,:01)
man(concerned.@pred.@present,respectively)
gol(concerned.@pred.@present,matter(icl>thing).@pl)
obj(concerned.@pred.@present,they)

[/S]
[/P]
;;fileCh14Unl.txt,byUNL-Brasil
;<0002-0348>
;CHAPTER XIV: THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
mod(chapter,14)
aoj(international(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@entry.@title.@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@entry.@title.@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
smd(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@entry.@title.@def,chapter)
[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0349>
;Article92
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"92")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0350>
;TheInternationalCourtofJusticeshallbetheprincipaljudicialorgan
;oftheUnitedNations.
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
aoj(international(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciary
place).@def,organ(icl>entity).@entry.@pred.@def.@obligation)
aoj(judicial(icl>state),organ(icl>entity).@entry.@pred.@def.@obligation)
aoj(principal(icl>state),organ(icl>entity).@entry.@pred.@def.@obligation)
mod(organ(icl>entity),UnitedNations)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0351>
;It shall function in accordance with the annexed Statute, which is based
;upon the Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice and forms
;an integral part of the present Charter.
obj(function(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,court(icl>judiciary
place):01.@def)
man(function(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,inaccordance
with(icl>manner))
obj(inaccordancewith(icl>manner),statute(fld>law):01.@def)
aoj(annexed,Statute(fld>law):01.@def)
obj(base(icl>event).@pred,statute(fld>law):01.@def)
bas(base(icl>event).@pred,statute(fld>law):02.@def)
mod(statute(fld>law):02.@def,court(icl>judiciaryplace):02.@def)
aoj(permanent(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace):02.@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace):02.@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
aoj(international(icl>state),justice(equ>judiciary))
and(form(equ>constitute).@pred,
base(agt>organization,icl>set,ppl>palce).@pred)
obj(form(equ>constitute).@pred,statute(fld>law):01.@def)
gol(form(equ>constitute).@pred,part(icl>quantity).@indef)
aoj(integral(icl>state),part(icl>quantity).@indef)
mod(part(icl>quantity).@indef,charter(icl>document).@def)
aoj(present(icl>state),charter(icl>document).@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0352>
;Article93
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"93")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0353>
;1.All Members of the United Nations are ipsofacto parties to the
;Statute of the International Court of Justice.
smd(party(equ>participant).@entry.@pred.@pl,"1.")
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,party(equ>participant).@entry.@pred.@pl)
qua(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,all(icl>state))
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,UnitedNations)
man(party(equ>participant).@entry.@pred.@pl,ipsofacto(icl>manner))
mod(party(equ>participant).@entry.@pred.@pl,statute(fld>law).@def)
mod(statute(fld>law).@def,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
aoj(international(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0354>
;2.A state whichis not a Member of the United Nations may become a party
;to the Statute of the International Court of Justice on conditions to be
;determined in each case by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of
;the Security Council.
smd(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,"2.")
obj(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,state(icl>country).@indef)
gol(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,party(equ>participant).@indef)
aoj(member(icl>country).@pred.@indef.@not,state(icl>country).@indef)
mod(member(icl>country).@pred.@indef.@not,UnitedNations)
mod(party(equ>participant).@indef,statute(fld>law).@def)
mod(statute(fld>law).@def,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
aoj(international(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
man(become(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,determine(fld>law,icl>event))
obj(determine(fld>law,icl>event),condition(icl>restriction).@pl)
agt(determine(fld>law,icl>event),GeneralAssembly.@def)
lpl(determine(fld>law,icl>event),case)
qua(case,each(icl>state))
man(determine(fld>law,icl>event),recommendation(icl>advice).@def)
mod(recommendation(icl>advice).@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0355>
;Article94
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"94")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0356>
;1.Each Member of the United Nations undertakes to comply with the
;decision of the International Court of Justice in any case to which it is a
;party.
smd(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,"1.")
agt(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,member(icl>country))
qua(member(icl>country),each(icl>state))
mod(member(icl>country),UnitedNations)
gol(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,comply(icl>event))
agt(comply(icl>event),member(icl>country))
obj(comply(icl>event),decision(equ>resolution).@def)
mod(decision(equ>resolution).@def,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
aoj(international(icl>state),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
lpl(comply(icl>event),case(icl>event))
qua(case(icl>event),any(icl>state))
lpl(party(equ>participant).@pred.@def,case(icl>event),)
aoj(party(equ>participant).@pred.@def,member(icl>country))
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0357>
;2.Ifanypartytoacasefailstoperformtheobligationsincumbentupon
;itunderajudgmentrenderedbytheCourt,theotherpartymayhave
;recoursetotheSecurityCouncil,whichmay,ifitdeemsnecessary,make
;recommendationsordecideuponmeasurestobetakento
;enforcetothejudgment.
smd(have(gol>activity,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@may,"2.")
obj(have(gol>activity,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@may,
party(equ>participant):02.@def)
mod(party(equ>participant):02.@def,other)
gol(have(>event).@entry.@pred.@may,recourse(agt>human,obj>human))
mod(recourse(agt>human,obj>human),SecurityCouncil.@def)
con(have(gol>activity,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@may,
fail(agt>entity,icl>event).@pred)
agt(fail(agt>entity,icl>event).@pred,party(equ>participant):01)
qua(party(equ>participant):01,any(equ>a))
mod(party(equ>participant):01,case(icl>event).@indef)
obj(fail(agt>entity,icl>event).@pred,perform(obj>order).@pred)
agt(perform(obj>order).@pred,party(equ>participant):01)
obj(perform(obj>order).@pred,obligation(fld>law).@def.@pl)
obj(fail(agt>entity,icl>event).@pred,obligation(fld>law).@def.@pl)
aoj(incumbent(equ>obligatory),obligation(fld>law).@def.@pl)
mod(incumbent(equ>obligatory),party(fld>law,icl>human):01)
lpl(incumbent(equ>obligatory),judgment(fld>law,equ>decision)t:01.@indef)
agt(render(fld>law,icl>event).@pred,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
obj(render(fld>law,icl>event).@pred,
>judgment(fld>law,equ>decision):01.@indef)
agt(:01,SecurityCouncil@def)
or:01(decide(icl>event).@pred.@may.@entry,make(icl>event).@pred.@may);zhu
added@entry
obj(make(icl>event).@pred.@may,recommendation.@pl)
obj(decide(icl>event).@pred.@may,measure(icl>method).@pl)
obj(measure(icl>method).@pl,take(agt>human,obj>action).@pred)
pur(:01,enforce(agt>organization,obj>law).@pred)
agt(enforce(agt>organization,obj>law).@pred,:01)
gol(enforce(agt>organization,obj>law).@pred,
judgment(fld>law,equ>decision):02.@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0358>
;Article 95
mod(article.@entry.@title,"95")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0359>
;Nothing in the present Charter shall prevent Members of the United
;Nations from entrusting the solution of their differences to other
;tribunals by virtue of agreements already inexistence or which may be
;concluded in the future.
obj(prevent(equ>stop,obj>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation,nothing)
lpl(nothing,charter(icl>declaration).@def)
aoj(present(icl>state),charter(icl>declaration).@def)
ben(prevent(equ>stop,obj>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation,member(icl>country)
.@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations)
gol(prevent(equ>stop,obj>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation,entrust(obj>respons
ibility))
agt(entrust(obj>responsibility),member(icl>country).@pl)
obj(entrust(obj>responsibility),solution.@def)
mod(solution.@def,difference(equ>disagreement).@pl)
mod(difference(equ>disagreement).@pl,member(icl>country).@pl)
gol(entrust(obj>responsibility),tribunal(icl>law).@pl)
mod(tribunal(icl>law).@pl,other)
man(entrust(obj>responsibility),byvirtueof)
obj(byvirtueof,agreement(icl>contract).@pl)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@pl,:01)
or:01(conclude(obj>pact).@pred.@may.@entry,existence.@pred);zhuadded
@entry
man(existence.@pred,already(icl>time))
tim(conclude(obj>pact).@pred.@may,future(icl>tense))
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0360>
;Article 96
mod(article.@entry.@title,"96")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0361>
;1.TheGeneralAssemblyortheSecurityCouncilmayrequestthe
;InternationalCourtofJusticetogiveanadvisoryopiniononanylegal
;question.
smd(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,"1.")
agt(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,:01)
or:01(SecurityCouncil.@def.@entry,GeneralAssembly.@def);zhuadded@entry
obj(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,give.@pred)
agt(give.@pred,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
obj(give.@pred,opinion(icl>advice).@indef)
aoj(international(aoj>entity),court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def,justice(equ>judiciary))
aoj(advisory(equ>consultative,aoj>document),opinion(icl>advice).@indef)
mod(opinion(icl>advice).@indef,question(icl>subject))
aoj(legal(aoj>law),question(icl>subject))
qua(question(icl>subject),any(equ>boundless,icl>quantity))
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0362>
;2.Other organs of the United Nations and specialized agencies, which may
;at any time be so authorized by the General Assembly, may also request
;advisory opinions of the Court on legal questions arising within the scope
;of their activities.
smd(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,"2.")
agt(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,:01)
man(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,also)

;zhu added the scope label ":01" for all the following part
and:01(agency(icl>department).@pl.@entry,organ(icl>entity).@pl)
mod:01(organ(icl>entity).@pl,other)
mod:01(organ(icl>entity).@pl,UnitedNations)
aoj:01(specialized,agency(icl>department).@pl.@entry)

obj(authorize.@pred,:01)
agt(authorize.@pred,GeneralAssembly.@def)
tim(authorize.@pred,atanytime)
man(authorize.@pred,so(icl>manner))
obj(request(equ>ask,obj>matter).@entry.@pred.@may,opinion(icl>advice).@pl)
aoj(advisory(equ>consultative,aoj>document),opinion(icl>advice).@pl)
mod(opinion(icl>advice).@pl,court(icl>judiciaryplace).@def)
mod(opinion(icl>advice).@pl,question(icl>doubt).@pl)
aoj(legal(aoj>law),question(icl>doubt).@pl)
obj(arise(obj>problem).@pred,question(icl>doubt.@pl)
lpl(arise(obj>problem).@pred,scope.@def)
mod(scope.@def,activity(equ>activity))
mod(activity(equ>activity),organ(icl>entity).@pl)
[/S]
[/P]
;;fileCh15Unl.txt,byUNL-Brasil

;;commentsbyUNLCenter	97/12/11
;	Therearesomecommentsbyzhuinthisfile,pleasecheck.


;CHAPTERXV:THESECRETARIAT
mod(chapter,15)
smd(secretariat(icl>office).@entry.@title.@def,chapter)
[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0364>
;Article97
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"97")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0365>
;The Secretariat shall comprise a Secretary-General and such staff as the
;Organization may require.
lpl(comprise(equ>consist,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@obligation,secretariat(ic
l>office).@def)
obj(comprise(equ>consist,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:01)
and:01(staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@entry,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@indef);zhuadded@enrty
mod(staff(equ>officer,icl>human),such)
con(comprise(equ>consist,obj>entity).@entry.@pred.@obligation,require(icl>ev
ent).@pred.@may)
agt(require(icl>event).@pred.@may,organization(icl>group).@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0366>
;The Secretary-General shall be appointed by the General Assembly upon
;the recommendation of the Security Council.
agt(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
GeneralAssembly.@def)
obj(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
con(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
recommendation(icl>advice).@def)
mod(recommendation(icl>advice).@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0367>
;HeshallbethechiefadministrativeofficeroftheOrganization
mod(officer(icl>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation,he(icl>human))
aoj(administrative(icl>state),officer(icl>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation)
aoj(chief(equ>main),officer(icl>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation)
mod(officer(icl>human).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
>organization(icl>group).@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0368>
;Article98
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"98")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0369>
;The Secretary-General shall act in that capacity in all meetings of the
;General Assembly, of the Security Council, of the Economic and Social
;Council, and of the Trusteeship Council, and shall perform such other
;functions as are entrusted to him by these organs.

;;comments by zhu
;in original UNL of this sentence, it used a scope to express the part of
;"shall act...,and shall perform...", but the structure was wrong.
;I hadn't too much time to correct it, so I just re-wrote it without a
>scope.
;If you prefer a scope, please change.
;

agt(perform(obj>duty).@pred.@obligation.@entry,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
agt(act(equ>perform,agt>human).@pred.@obligation,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
man(act(equ>perform,agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@obligation,capacity(icl>rol
e))
mod(capacity(icl>role),that)
lpl(act(equ>perform,agt>human,obj>role).@pred.@obligation,meeting(equ>assemb
ly).@pl)
qua(meeting(equ>assembly).@pl,all(equ>any))
mod(meeting(equ>assembly).@pl,:01)
and:01(SecurityCouncil.@def,GeneralAssembly.@def)
and:01(EconomicandSocialCouncil.@def.@entry,SecurityCouncil.@def)
mod(council(icl>assembly).@def:03,Trusteeship(icl>government).@def)
and(perform(obj>duty).@pred.@obligation.@entry,act(equ>perform,agt>human).@p
red.@obligation)
obj(perform(obj>duty).@pred.@obligation.@entry,function(icl>duty).@pl)
mod(function(icl>duty).@pl,other)
mod(other,such)
con(perform(obj>duty).@pred.@obligation.@entry,
entrust(obj>responsibility).@pred)
agt(entrust(obj>responsibility).@pred,organ(icl>entity).@pl)
mod(organ(icl>entity).@pl,this)
obj(entrust(obj>responsibility).@pred,function(icl>duty).@pl)
gol(entrust(obj>responsibility).@pred,Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0370>
;TheSecretary-GeneralshallmakeanannualreporttotheGeneral
;AssemblyontheworkoftheOrganization.
agt(make(icl>event,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@obligation,Secretary-General(icl
>human).@def)
obj(make(icl>event,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@obligation,report(equ>official).
@indef)
aoj(annual(icl>state),report(equ>official).@indef)
gol(make(icl>event,obj>thing).@entry.@pred.@obligation,General
>Assembly.@def)
obj(report(equ>official).@indef,work(icl>result).@def)
mod(work(icl>result).@def,organization(icl>group).@def)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0371>
;Article99
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"99")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0372>
;TheSecretary-GeneralmaybringtotheattentionoftheSecurityCouncil
;anymatterwhichinhisopinionmaythreatenthemaintenanceof
;internationalpeaceandsecurity.
agt(notify(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
obj(notify(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,matter(equ>subject))
gol(notify(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@may,SecurityCouncil(icl>assembly))
mod(matter(equ>subject),any(equ>all))
cau(threaten(icl>event).@pred.@may,matter(equ>subject))
lpl(threaten(icl>event).@pred.@may,opinion(icl>idea))
mod(opinion(icl>idea),Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
obj(threaten(icl>event).@pred.@may,maintenance).@def)
mod(maintenance.@def,:01)
and:01(security(equ>safety).@entry,peace)
aoj(international(icl>state),:01)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0373>
;Article100
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"100")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0374>
;1.In the performance of their duties the Secretary-General and the staff
;shall not seek or receive instructions from any government or from any
;other authority external to the Organization
(icl>group)
smd(:01.@entry,"1.")	;zhuaddedthisline
agt(:01.@entry,:02)	;zhuadded@entry
or:01(receive(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,seek(equ>tryto
obtain).@pred.@obligation)
lpl(:01.@entry,performance(equ>doing)).@def)
mod(performance(equ>doing).@def,duty(equ>obligation).@pl)
mod(duty(equ>obligation),:02)
and:02(staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@def.@entry,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)	;zhuadded@enrty
obj(:01.@entry,instruction.@pl)
src(instruction,:03)
or:03(authority.@entry,government(icl>politics))	;zhuadded@enrty
mod(government(icl>politics),any(equ>all))
mod(authority,other)
mod(authority,any(equ>all))
aoj(external(icl>state),authority)
mod(external(icl>state),organization(icl>group).@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0375>
;They shall refrain from any action which might reflect on their position
;as international officials responsible only to the Organization.
agt(refrain(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:01)
and:01(staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@def.@entry,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def);zhuadded@entry
src(refrain(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,action)
mod(action,any(equ>all))
obj(reflect(icl>event).@pred.@might,action)
gol(reflect(icl>event).@pred.@might,position(equ>situation))
mod(position(equ>situation),:01)
bas(position(equ>situation),official(icl>human).@pl)
aoj(international(icl>state),official(icl>human).@pl)
aoj(responsible(aoj>human),official(icl>human).@pl)
mod(responsible(aoj>human),organization(icl>group).@def)
mod(organization(icl>group).@def,only(icl>manner))
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0376>
;2.Each Member of the United Nations undertakes to respect the
;exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the
;Secretary-General and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the
;discharge of their responsibilities.

;;comments by zhu
;When using a scope to espress "to respect...,and not to seek...",
;all the relations included should be expressed using same labelof
;the scope.
;<0002-0369>may be the same case.

agt(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,"2.")
agt(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,member(icl>country))
mod(member(icl>country),each)
mod(member(icl>country),UnitedNations.@def)
obj(undertake(obj>responsibility).@entry.@pred,:01)
and:01(seek(equ>try).@pred.@not.@entry,respect(icl>event).@pred);added
>@entry
obj:01(respect(icl>event).@pred,character(equ>characteristics).@def);added
":01"
aoj:01(international(icl>state),character(equ>characteristics).@def)
mod:01(international(icl>state),exclusively(icl>manner))
mod:01(character(equ>characteristics).@def,responsibility(icl>duty).@pl:01)
mod:01(responsibility(icl>duty).@pl:01,:02)
and:02(staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@def.@entry,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def);added@entry
obj:01(seek(equ>try).@pred.@not,influence(equ>affect).@pred)
obj:01(influence(equ>affect).@pred,:02)
lpl:01(influence(equ>affect).@pred,discharge(obj>duty).@def)
mod:01(discharge(obj>duty).@def,responsibility(icl>duty):02)
mod:01(responsibility(icl>duty):02,:02)
[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0377>
;Article101
mod(article(icl>contract).@entry.@title,"101")
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0378>
;1.The staff shall be appointed by the Secretary-General under
;regulations established by the General Assembly.

smd(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
"1.")
agt(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
Secretary-General(icl>human).@def)
obj(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@def)
man(appoint(equ>establish,agt>human,obj>committee).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
inaccordancewith(icl>manner))
obj(inaccordancewith(icl>manner),regulation(icl>law).@pl)
agt(establish(equ>enact,agt>organization,obj>law).@pred,General
>Assembly.@def)
obj(establish(equ>enact,agt>organization,obj>law).@pred,regulation(icl>law).
@pl)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0379>
;2.Appropriate staffs shall be permanently assigned to the Economic and
;Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, and, as required, to other organs
;of the United Nations.
and:01(assign(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation:02,assign(icl>event).@pred
.@obligation:01)
smd(:01.@entry,"2.");zhuaddedthisline
obj(:01.@entry,staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@pl);zhuadded@entry
aoj(appropriate(icl>state),staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@pl)
man:01(assign(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation:01,
>permanently(icl>manner))
man:01(assign(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation:02,required)
gol:01(assign(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation:01,:02)
and:02(TrusteeshipCouncil.@def.@entry,EconomicandSocialCouncil.@def)
gol:01(assign(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation:02,organ.@pl)
mod:01(organ(icl>entity).@pl,other)
mod:01(organ(icl>entity).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0380>
;ThesestaffsshallformapartoftheSecretariat.
agt(form(agt>human,obj>association).@entry.@pred.@obligation,staff(equ>offic
er,icl>human).@pl)
mod(staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@pl,this)
obj(form(agt>human,obj>association).@entry.@pred.@obligation,part(icl>quanti
ty).@indef)
mod(part(icl>quantity).@indef,secretariat(icl>office).@def)
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0381>
;3.Theparamountconsiderationintheemploymentofthestaffandinthe
;determinationoftheconditionsofserviceshallbethenecessityof
;securingthehigheststandardsofefficiency,competence,andintegrity.
smd(necessity(equ>need).@entry.@pred.@obligation,"3.");zhuaddedthisline
mod(necessity(equ>need).@entry.@pred.@obligation,
>consideration(fld>law).@def)
aoj(paramount(icl>state),consideration.@def)
lpl(consideration.@def,:01)
and:01(determination.@def.@entry,employment.@def);zhuadded@entry
mod(employment.@def,staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@def)
mod(determination.@def,condition(equ>circumstances).@def.@pl)
mod(condition(equ>circumstances).@def.@pl,service)
mod(necessity(equ>need).@entry.@pred.@obligation,secure(icl>event).@pred)
obj(secure(icl>event).@pred,standard(icl>rule).@pl.@def)
aoj(standard(icl>concept).@pl.@def,highest)
mod(standard(icl>concept).@pl.@def,:02)
and:02(competence(fld>law),efficiency)
and:02(integrity.@entry,competence(fld>law));zhuadded@entry
[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0382>
;Due regard shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as
;wide a geographical basis as possible.
obj(pay(obj>attention).@entry.@pred.@obligation,regard(equ>consideration))
aoj(due(icl>state),regard(equ>consideration))
gol(pay(obj>attention).@entry.@pred.@obligation,importance.@def)
mod(importance.@def,recruit(lpl>organization,obj>human).@pred)
obj(recruit(lpl>organization,obj>human).@pred,staff(equ>officer,icl>human).@
def)
man(recruit(lpl>organization,obj>human).@pres,basis(icl>principle).@indef)
aoj(wide(icl>state),basis(icl>principle).@indef)
aoj(geographical(icl>state),basis(icl>principle).@indef)
bas(wide(icl>state),possible(icl>state))
[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch16Unl.txt,byUNL-Indonesia
[T]
;<0002-0383>
;CHAPTERXVI:MISCELLANEOUSPROVISIONS

mod(chapter(icl>document),16)
mod(provision(icl>condition).@pl.@entry.@title,miscellaneous(icl>state))
smd(provision(icl>condition).@pl.@entry.@title,chapter(icl>document))

[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0384>
;		Article102

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,102)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0385>
;1.Everytreatyandeveryinternationalagreemententeredintobyany
;MemberoftheUnitedNations after the presentChartercomesintoforce
;shallassoonaspossibleberegisteredwiththeSecretariatandpublished
;byit.

smd(register(icl>event).@entry,"1.")
and:01(treaty(equ>agreement).@entry,agreement(icl>contract))
mod:01(agreement(icl>contract),international)
mod(:01,every(icl>state))
agt(enter,member(icl>country).@indef)
mod(member(icl>country).@indef,UnitedNations.@def)
obj(enter,:01)
seq(enter,comeintoforce)
obj(comeintoforce,charter(icl>document).@def)
mod(charter(icl>document).@def,present(icl>time))
agt(register(icl>event).@entry,secretariate.@def)
man(register(icl>event),assoonas(equ>instantly,icl>time))
mod(assoonas(equ>instantly,icl>time),possible)
and(publish(icl>event),register(icl>event))
agt(publish(icl>event),it)
obj(register(icl>event).@entry,:01)

[/S]
[S]

;comeintoforceandassoonaspossible(equ>immediately,icl>time)arenew
UW's

2.Nopartytoanysuchtreatyorinternationalagreementwhichhasnot
;beenregisteredinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofparagraph1ofthis
;Articlemayinvokethattreatyoragreement before any organ of the United
;Nations.

smd(invoke(icl>event).@entry.@may,"2.")
gol(party(equ>participant).@not,:03.@indef)
or:03(treaty(equ>agreement):01.@entry,agreement(icl>contract):01)
mod:03(agreement(icl>contract):02,international)
mod(:03.@indef,such(aoj>thing))
aoj(register(icl>event).@not.@complete,:03.@indef)
man(register(icl>event).@not.@complete,provision(icl>condition).@def.@pl)
mod(provision(icl>condition).@def.@pl,paragraph(icl>document))
mod(paragraph(icl>document),1)
mod(paragraph(icl>document),article(equ>clause).@def)
agt(invoke(icl>event).@entry.@may.@pred,party(equ>participant).@not)
obj(invoke(icl>event).@entry.@may.@pred,:04.@def)
or:04(treaty(equ>agreement):02.@entry,agreement(icl>contract):02)
lpl(invoke(icl>event),organ(icl>organization).@indef)
mod(organ(icl>organization).@indef,UnitedNations.@def)

[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0387>
;Article103

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,103)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0388>
;IntheeventofaconflictbetweentheobligationsoftheMembersof
;theUnitedNationsunderthepresentCharterandtheirobligationsunder
;anyotherinternationalagreement,theirobligationsunderthepresent
;Chartershallprevail.

obj(prevail.@entry.@pred.@obligation,obligation:01.@pl)
mod(obligation:01.@pl,they:01)
lpl(obligation:01.@pl,charter(icl>document):01.@def)
mod(charter(icl>document):01.@def,present(icl>time):01)
con(conflict(icl>disagreement).@indef,prevail.@entry.@pred.@obligation)
agt(conflict(icl>disagreement).@indef,obligation:02.@pl)
ptn(conflict(icl>disagreement).@indef,obligation:03.@pl)
mod(obligation:02.@pl,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
lpl(obligation:02.@pl,charter(icl>document):02.@def)
mod(charter(icl>document):02.@def,present(icl>time):02)
mod(obligation:03.@pl,they:02)
lpl(obligation:03.@pl,agreement(icl>contract).@indef)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@indef,international)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@indef,other)

[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0389>
;Article104

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,104)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0390>
;TheOrganizationshallenjoyintheterritoryofeachofitsMemberssuch
legalcapacityasmaybenecessaryfortheexerciseofitsfunctionsand
thefulfilmentofitspurposes.

agt(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,organization(icl>group).@def)
ppl(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,territory(icl>area).@def)
mod(territory(icl>area).@def,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,it:01)
obj(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,capacity(icl>qualification))
mod(capacity(icl>qualification),legal(icl>law));legal(icl>law)isa
>newUW
con(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,necessary(icl>state).@pred.@m
>ay)
gol(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:01)
mod:01(exercise.@def,function(icl>role).@pl)
mod:01(function(icl>role).@pl,it:02)
and:01(fulfillment(obj>purpose).@def.@entry,exercise.@def.@entry);zhuadded
@entry
mod:01(fulfillment(obj>purpose).@def.@entry,purpose(icl>thing).@pl)
mod:01(purpose(icl>thing).@pl,it:03)

[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]

;legal(icl>law)isanewUW

;<0002-0391>
;Article105

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,105)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0392>
;1.TheOrganizationshallenjoyintheterritoryofeachofitsMembers
suchprivilegesandimmunitiesas are necessaryforthefulfilmentofits
purposes.

smd(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,"1.")
agt(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,organization(icl>group).@def)
ppl(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,territory(icl>area).@def)
mod(territory(icl>area).@def,member(icl>country).@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@pl,it:01)
obj(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:01.@def)
and:01(immunity(equ>exemption).@pl.@entry,privilege.@pl)
con(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,necessary(icl>state).@pred.@m
>ay)
gol(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,fulfillment(obj>purpose).@def)
mod(fulfillment(obj>purpose).@def,purpose(icl>thing).@pl)
mod(purpose(icl>thing).@pl,it:02)

[/S]
[S]
;<0002-0393>
;2.RepresentativesoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsandofficialsof
theOrganizationshallsimilarlyenjoysuchprivilegesandimmunitiesas
 are necessaryfortheindependentexerciseoftheirfunctionsinconnection
withtheOrganization.

smd(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,"2.")
;zhureversedUWsofthefollowing"pof"s
pof:03(representative(aoj>entity,lpl>group).@pl,member(icl>country).@pl.@d
ef)
pof:03(member(icl>country).@pl.@def,UnitedNations.@def);zhureversed
pof:03(official(equ>authorized,aoj>organization).@pl.@entry,organization(icl
>group):01.@def)
and:03(official(equ>authorized,aoj>organization).@pl.@entry,representative(a
oj>entity,lpl>group).@pl)
agt(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:03)
and:04(immunity(equ>exemption).@pl.@def.@entry,privilege.@pl.@def)
obj(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:04)
man(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,similarly(icl>manner))
con(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,necessary(icl>state))
gol(enjoy(icl>event).@entry.@pred.@obligation,:05)
mod:05(exercise.@entry.@def,independent(icl>state))
mod:06(function.@entry.@pl,they)
mod(:06,:05)
lpl(:06,organization(icl>group):02.@def)

[/S]
[S]

;<0002-0394>
;3.TheGeneralAssemblymaymakerecommendationswithaviewto
determiningthedetailsoftheapplicationofparagraphs1and2ofthis
ArticleormayproposeconventionstotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsfor
thispurpose.

;;commentsbuzhu
;theoriginalUNLwasconfused,Ichanged.pleasecheck!

smd(:03.@entry,"3.")
obj:01(make(agt>organization,equ>write,obj>document).@entry.@grant.@pred,rec
ommendation(icl>advice).@pl)
obj:02(propose(obj>plan).@entry.@grant.@pred,convention(icl>meeting).@pl)
or:03(:02,:01.@entry)
agt(:03.@entry,GeneralAssembly.@def)
gol:03(:02,member(icl>country).@pl.@def)
pof:03(member(icl>country).@pl.@def,UnitedNations.@def)
pur:03(:01,determine(agt>organization,obj>matter))
obj:03(determine(agt>organization,obj>matter),application.@def)
mod:03(application.@def,detail.@pl.@def)
mod:03(application.@def,paragraph(icl>document).@entry)
and:05(2.@entry,1)
mod:03(paragraph(icl>document).@entry.@pl,:05)
pof:03(paragraph(icl>document).@entry,article(equ>clause).@def)

[/S]
[/P]
;;file:Ch17Unl.txt,byUNL-Indonesia

;;comments by UNL Center	97/12/11
;	In a UNL or scope expression, using "and" or "or" to espress
;conjunction sentences/phrases, "@entry" must be attached to the last
>element.

[T]
;<0002-0395>
;CHAPTERXVII:TRANSITIONALSECURITY ARRANGEMENTS

mod(chapter(icl>document),17)
mod(security(icl>state),transitional)
mod(arrangement.@entry.@title.@pl,security(icl>state))
smd(arrangement.@entry.@title.@pl,chapter(icl>document))

[/T]
[P]
[T]
;<0002-0396>
;Article106

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,106)
[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0397>
;Pending the coming into force of such special agreements referred to
;in Article 43 as in the opinion of the Security Council enable it to begin
;the exercise of its responsibilities under Article 42, the parties to the
;Four-Nation Declaration, signed at Moscow, 30 October 1943, and France,
;shall, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 5 of that
>Declaration,
;consult with one another and as occasion requires with other Members of
;the United Nations with a view to such joint action on behalf of the
;Organization as may be necessary for the purpose of maintaining
international
;peace and security.

man(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,pending(icl>state))
obj(pending(icl>state),comeintoforce(equ>realization).@def);anewUW....
mod(comeintoforce(equ>realization).@def,agreement(icl>contract).@def.@pl)
mod(agreement(icl>contract).@def.@pl,special(equ>particular))
obj(refer(obj>matter),agreement(icl>contract).@def.@pl)
lpl(refer(obj>matter),article(equ>clause):01)
mod(article(equ>clause):01,43)
con(comingintoforce(equ>realization).@def,opinion.@def)
mod(opinion.@def,SecurityCouncil.@def)
agt(begin(icl>event).@grant,SecurityCouncil.@def)
obj(begin(icl>event).@grant,exercise.@def)
mod(exercise.@def,responsibility.@pl)
mod(responsibility.@pl,it)
lpl(responsibility.@pl,article(equ>clause):02)
mod(article(equ>clause):02,42)
agt(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,:01)
mod:01(party(equ>participant).@def.@pl.@entry,Four-NationDeclaration.@def)
obj:01(sign(icl>event),Four-NationDeclaration.@def)
ppl:01(sign(icl>event),Moscow)
tim:01(sign(icl>event),30)
mod:01(30,October)
mod:01(October,1943)
and:01(France(icl>country),party(equ>participant).@def.@pl.@entry)
man(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,inaccordancewith)
gol(inaccordancewith,provision(icl>condition).@def.@pl)
mod(provision(icl>condition).@def.@pl,paragraph(icl>document))
mod(paragraph(icl>document),5)
pof(paragraph(icl>document),declaration(equ>statement).@def)
ptn(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,oneanother);oneanotherisa
newUW
and(consult(icl>event):02.@pred.@obligation.@entry,consult(icl>event):01.@pr
ed.@obligation)
;zhumovedthe@entryfromconsult:01toconsult:02
con(consult(icl>event):02.@pred.@obligation.@entry,require(icl>event))
agt(require(icl>event),occasion(icl>time))
ptn(consult(icl>event):02.@pred.@obligation.@entry,member(icl>country).@def.
@pl)
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,other)
mod(member(icl>country).@def.@pl,UnitedNations.@def)
pur(consult(icl>event):02.@entry.@pred.@obligation,action.@def)
mod(action.@def,joint(icl>state))
man(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,behalf(equ>onbehalfof))
mod(behalf(equ>onbehalfof),organization(icl>group).@def)
con(consult(icl>event):01.@pred.@obligation,necessary(icl>state).@pred.@may)
pur(necessary(icl>state).@pred.@may,maintain(obj>entity))
obj(maintain(obj>entity),:03)
and:03(security(icl>state).@entry,peace(icl>state))
mod(:03,international)

[/S]
[/P]
[P]
[T]
;comeintoforceisanewUW

;<0002-0398>
;Article107

mod(article(equ>clause).@entry.@title,107)

[/T]
[S]
;<0002-0399>
;Nothing in the present Charter shall invalidate or preclude action, in
relation to any state which during the Second World War has been an enemy
of any signatory to the present Charter, taken or authorized as a result of
that war by the Governments having responsibility for such action.

mod(charter(icl>document):01.@def,present(icl>time):01)
or:01(preclude(obj>action).@entry,invalidate(icl>event));zhureversed
lpl(:01.@entry.@pred.@obligation,charter(icl>document):01.@def)
agt(:01.@entry.@pred.@obligation,nothing)
obj(:01.@entry.@pred.@obligation,action.@indef)
con(:01.@entry.@pred.@obligation,enemy(icl>country).@pred.@state)
aoj(enemy(icl>country).@pred.@state,state(icl>country).@indef)
dur(enemy(icl>country).@pred.@state,SecondWorldWar.@def)
mod(enemy(icl>country).@pred.@state,signatory(icl>country).@indef)
pof(signatory(icl>country).@indef,charter(icl>document):02.@def)
mod(charter(icl>document):02.@def,present(icl>time):02)
or:02(authorize(icl>event).@entry,take(icl>event));zhureversed
obj(:02,action.@indef)
cau(:02,SecondWorldWar.@def)
agt(:02,government(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
agt(have(obj>matter).@pred.@progress,government(icl>organization).@def.@pl)
obj(have(obj>matter).@pred.@progress,responsibility)
pur(have(obj>matter).@pred.@progress,action.@def)

[/S]
[/P]